This podcast covers the use of glucose and ketone bodies as energy sources by the brain. During sleep and short fasts, the brain is completely dependent on the output of glucose by the liver. Glucose is oxidized all the way to CO2 by the brain under aerobic conditions to produce up to 38ATPs.

This podcast covers the tissue distribution of various glucose transporters and their role of glucose uptake from the bloodstream, including the regulation of one transporter (Glut-4) by insulin.

This podcast covers the salvage of Hypoxanthine, guanine and adenine by two important enzymes Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HGPRT) and Adeneine phosphoribosyl transferase (APRT), including the outcome of an inherited deficiency in HGPRT.

This podcast covers the essential role of glucose as an energy source for several tissues. Most notably, red blood cells and the brain. Red blood cells are entirely dependent on glucose for their energy needs while the brain is highly dependent on glucose for its energy. Glucose in the bloodstream is produced by the liver and maintained around 80-100mg/dl during fasting to provide red blood cells and the brain with their energy needs.

This podcast covers the four different classes of receptors that illicit intracellular signals, including steroid receptors, ion channel receptors, receptor enzymes, and G-protein coupled receptors.

This episode summarizes the key effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, including the processes that are activated by insulin and the ones inhibited by it.

This podcast describes 4 distinct types of enzyme inhibitors and their mechanism of inhibition, including: substrate analogues, toxins, allosteric inhibitors, and heavy metals.

This podcast covers the regulation of pyruvate kinase allosterically and by hormone-dependent (insulin & glucagon) covalent modification.

This podcast covers the metabolic changes in various organs and key organ uses of the available nutrients in the bloodstream.