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MIT 14.04 Intermediate Microeconomic Theory, Fall 2020
Instructor: Prof. Robert Townsend

Uploaded 31-08-22

View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/14-04-intermediate-microeconomic-theory-fall-2020/
YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XSTSfCs74bg&list=PLUl4u3cNGP63wnrKge9vllow3Y2OOOKqF

Prof. Townsend reviews the content from the first seven sessions to help students prepare for the first exam.

License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
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MIT 2.43 Advanced Thermodynamics, Spring 2024
Instructor: Gian Paolo Beretta

Uploaded 05-12-24

View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/
Complete course table of contents with hyperlinks to slides and video timestamps: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_toc_slides_pdf/
Complete course analytical index with hyperlinks to slides and video timestamps: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_index_slides_pdf/
YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP6309d0oJDiVo1CvxUQXJ2il

This lecture covers: Necessary conditions for mutual equilibrium: temperature equality, pressure equality, chemical potential equality, Young-Laplace relation between pressures, surface tension and curvature. Proof of Clausius statement of the second law. Clausius inequality.

Instructor suggests to set viewing speed at 1.5 for faster learning.

Slides for this lecture: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_lec04_pdf/

Key moments:

00:00:00 - Introduction
00:00:25 - Review: Energy vs Entropy Diagrams
00:01:52 - Representation of Adiabatic Availability
00:03:22 - Representation of States of a Thermal Reservoir
00:04:04 - Representation of Available Energy
00:13:22 - A System in a Stable Equilibrium State Cannot...
00:16:49 - Consequences of the Maximum Entropy Principle
00:17:22 - Temperature and Pressure Equality at ME
00:33:44 - Temperature and Potential Equality at ME
00:36:52 - Concavity of the Fundamental Relation
00:38:20 - Surface Tension and Young-Laplace Equation
00:55:07 - Principal Radii of Curvature
00:57:29 - Area-to-Volume Change upon Surface Displacement
01:03:17 - Nonwork Interactions
01:03:35 - Proof of Clausius Statement of the Second Law
01:27:57 - Graphical Proof of Clausius Inequality
01:28:57 - Clausius Inequality Valid for Finite Transfers

License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
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More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu
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MIT 14.04 Intermediate Microeconomic Theory, Fall 2020
Instructor: Prof. Robert Townsend

Uploaded 31-08-22

View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/14-04-intermediate-microeconomic-theory-fall-2020/
YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XSTSfCs74bg&list=PLUl4u3cNGP63wnrKge9vllow3Y2OOOKqF

Villages and towns are like small open economies within a nation, yet the SMEs within them are heterogeneous in wealth and productivity. They are also typically constrained. Thus, opening the economy up to increased trade and to capital flows can produce surprisingly large welfare gains and losses, even for those living within the very same village.

License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
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MIT 2.43 Advanced Thermodynamics, Spring 2024
Instructor: Gian Paolo Beretta

Uploaded 05-12-24

View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/
Complete course table of contents with hyperlinks to slides and video timestamps: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_toc_slides_pdf/
Complete course analytical index with hyperlinks to slides and video timestamps: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_index_slides_pdf/
YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP6309d0oJDiVo1CvxUQXJ2il

This lecture covers: Wall rarefaction effects for few-particle systems. The ‘simple system’ approximation for many-particle systems. Euler and Gibbs-Duhem relations. Bulk flow interactions. Review of various forms of exergy. First-law and second-law efficiencies.

Instructor suggests to set viewing speed at 1.5 for faster learning.

Slides for this lecture: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_lec08_pdf/

Key moments:

00:00:00 - Introduction
00:00:25 - Review: Stability and LeChatelier-Braun Principle
00:05:38 - Introducing the “Simple-System Model”
00:06:09 - Microscopic and Mesoscopic versus Macroscopic
00:10:57 - Rarefaction Effects Near Walls at Equilibrium
00:13:21 - Large versus Small Systems
00:14:32 - Macroscipic Limit; Many-Particle Limit
00:26:58 - Effect of Inserting and Removing Partitions
00:33:57 - Simple-System Model: Limiting Assumption
00:37:17 - Simple-System Model: Proof of the Euler Relation
00:39:02 - Main Consequence of the Euler Relation
00:47:30 - Bulk-Flow Local-Equilibrium State Model
00:53:09 - Bulk Flow Interactions
00:56:36 - Pulsion Work (and How Enthalpy Gets In)
01:02:21 - System Open to Bulk Flow, Heat, and Work
01:05:04 - Mass, Energy and Entropy Balances for Open Systems
01:06:38 - Exergies and First and Second-Law Efficiencies
01:07:00 - Exergy Balance for an Open System
01:15:33 - Review: First-Law vs Second-Law Efficiencies
01:19:49 - First-Law Efficiency or COP (Definition)
01:20:17 - Second-Law Efficiency (Definition)
01:23:16 - Exergy (Generic Definition of the Concept)
01:25:56 - Exergy Associated with Heat Exchange
01:27:14 - Exergy and Second-Law Efficiency in Cogeneration


License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
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We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.



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MIT 14.04 Intermediate Microeconomic Theory, Fall 2020
Instructor: Prof. Robert Townsend

Uploaded 31-08-22

View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/14-04-intermediate-microeconomic-theory-fall-2020/
YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XSTSfCs74bg&list=PLUl4u3cNGP63wnrKge9vllow3Y2OOOKqF

What, if ever, is the role for bubbles? What to make of the recent experience in crypto currencies? Is central bank issued fiat money just a bubble? Can privately issued digital assets play a role as media of exchange? Can fiat money disappear?

License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
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More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu
Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ

We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.



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MIT 2.43 Advanced Thermodynamics, Spring 2024
Instructor: Gian Paolo Beretta

Uploaded 05-12-24

View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/
Complete course table of contents with hyperlinks to slides and video timestamps: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_toc_slides_pdf/
Complete course analytical index with hyperlinks to slides and video timestamps: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_index_slides_pdf/
YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP6309d0oJDiVo1CvxUQXJ2il

This lecture covers: Various examples of exergies (second part). The problem of allocation of primary energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in cogeneration. The problem of determining the renewable fraction of power produced in hybrid fossil-renewable facilities.

Instructor suggests to set viewing speed at 1.5 for faster learning.

Slides for this lecture: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_lec10_pdf/

Key moments:

00:00:00 - Introduction
00:00:45 - Exergies and Efficiencies in Energy Conversion
00:00:56 - Exergy of Bulk Flow Interactions
00:01:41 - Exergy in Heating and Cooling Bulk Flows
00:07:20 - Exergy of an Hydraulic Jump
00:17:53 - Log-Mean Temperature in Heating/Cooling a Flow
00:22:22 - Minimum Exergy for Low Temperature Heating
00:29:39 - Exergy Associated with a Fossil Fuel
00:36:46 - Lower Heating Values of Some Fuels
00:39:24 - The Learning Curve of Fuel-to-Power Conversion
00:46:26 - Beyond Flame-Based Fuel-to-Power Conversion
00:51:04 - Avoiding the Inherent Irreversibility of Flames
00:53:30 - Allocation Issues in Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
00:54:40 - How Much Fuel Is Consumed to Produce Heat in CHP?
00:58:50 - Allocation Fractions and Primary Energy Savings
01:05:42 - Incremental Electricity-Centered Allocation in CHP
01:08:05 - Separate Production Reference Allocation in CHP
01:10:21 - Choice of Reference Efficiencies
01:17:00 - “Fair” Reference Values in a Given Local Area
01:22:09 - Allocation Example in CHP: Methods Compared
01:29:16 - Allocation Problem in Hybrid Facilities
01:35:51 - Allocation Fractions and Primary Energy Savings
01:38:28 - Incremental Fossil-Centered Allocation
01:39:12 - Separate Production Reference Allocation
01:39:29 - Choice of Reference Efficiencies

License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
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MIT 14.04 Intermediate Microeconomic Theory, Fall 2020
Instructor: Prof. Robert Townsend

Uploaded 31-08-22

View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/14-04-intermediate-microeconomic-theory-fall-2020/
YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XSTSfCs74bg&list=PLUl4u3cNGP63wnrKge9vllow3Y2OOOKqF

An equilibrium with competitive markets implies a particular distribution of income, which some may not like. Nevertheless, there is a way to get to any Pareto efficient allocation if in addition to markets we allow lump sum transfers of wealth. Markets per se are not the problem.

License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
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More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu
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MIT 2.43 Advanced Thermodynamics, Spring 2024
Instructor: Gian Paolo Beretta

Uploaded 05-12-24

View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/
Complete course table of contents with hyperlinks to slides and video timestamps: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_toc_slides_pdf/
Complete course analytical index with hyperlinks to slides and video timestamps: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_index_slides_pdf/
YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP6309d0oJDiVo1CvxUQXJ2il

This lecture covers: Henry law. Lennard-Jones binary mixture model. Stability and miscibility gap. Liquid-liquid spinodal decomposition. Energy and entropy balances for open and closed systems with chemical reactions. Bond strength versus van der Waals force.

Instructor suggests to set viewing speed at 1.5 for faster learning.

Slides for this lecture: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_lec17_pdf/

Key moments:

00:00:00 - Introduction
00:00:23 - Liquid-Vapor Equilibria for Non-Ideal Mixtures
00:05:01 - Henry's Law for Dilute Non-Ideal Solutions
00:16:53 - Careful in Taking Derivatives!
00:27:25 - Stability Conditions for a Binary Mixtures
00:34:52 - Non-Ideal Mixture Behavior: Complete Miscibility
00:36:45 - Non-Ideal Mixture Behavior: Partial Miscibility
00:38:21 - Spinodal Decomposition
00:42:11 - The “Ouzo Effect”
00:54:06 - Introduction to Systems with Chemical Reactions
00:54:27 - Energy and Entropy Balances with Chemical Reaction
01:07:06 - Notation and Stoichiometry: Reaction Coordinates
01:19:23 - Proportionality Relations; Properties of Reaction
01:28:42 - Enthalpy of Formation Illustrated on a H-S Diagram
01:34:52 - Van der Waals Forces versus Covalent Bonds

License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
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MIT 8.04 Quantum Physics I, Spring 2013
View the complete course: http://ocw.mit.edu/8-04S13
Instructor: Allan Adams

Uploaded 19-09-22

In this lecture, Prof. Adams discusses the resonance structure of a potential barrier/well. He begins with the case of simple plane waves and then moves on to the case of wavepackets.

License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
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More courses at http://ocw.mit.edu



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They say every crisis also presents an opportunity. Open learner Jerry Vance Anguzu seized one such opportunity in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, when his native country of Uganda went into lockdown. Jerry was stuck at home, unable to earn a living, but that enforced inactivity gave him the chance to pursue new directions in his education. A few years earlier, he had discovered MIT OpenCourseWare and had seen what it had to offer; now he returned to MIT Open Learning resources in earnest, plowing through courses in data science and computer programming; soon thereafter he was accepted into the MIT Emerging Talent certificate, where he began to develop an interest in entrepreneurship. Now, just a few years later, Jerry has his own startup, Everpesa Technologies, a financial services platform that offers sustainable investment opportunities and financial literacy resources to people in sub-Saharan Africa. Along the way, he has become a self-described “OCW ambassador,” enthusiastically spreading the word to relatives and colleagues about the learning resources that are available online through MIT OpenCourseWare. “You don’t need to pay anything,” Jerry tells them. “You just need to have a bit of time.”

Uploaded 04-12-24

The Open Learners podcast is produced by Alexis Haut and hosted by Emmanuel Kasigazi and Michael Jordan Pilgreen.

Relevant Resources:
MIT OpenCourseWare (https://ocw.mit.edu/)
The OCW Educator portal (https://ocw.mit.edu/educator)
MIT Emerging Talent program (https://emergingtalent.mit.edu/)
MIT Jameel World Education Lab (https://www.jwel.mit.edu/)
MIT MicroMasters Program in Statistics and Data Science (https://micromasters.mit.edu/ds/)
Everpesa website (https://everpesa.com/)
6.0001 Introduction to Computer Science and Programming in Python on MIT OpenCourseWare (https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/6-0001-introduction-to-computer-science-and-programming-in-python-fall-2016/)
Music in this episode by Blue Dot Sessions (https://www.sessions.blue/)

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Credits
Sarah Hansen, host and producer (https://www.linkedin.com/in/sarah-e-hansen/)
Brett Paci, producer (https://twitter.com/Brett_Paci)
Dave Lishansky, producer (https://twitter.com/DaveResonates)
Show notes by Peter Chipman



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