Dan Rood’s In the Shadow of the Great House (W.W.
Norton & Co., 2026) is one of the first contemporary books to focus
on the primary engine of slavery, race, and capitalism in this country:
the plantation. The plantation was invented on the small Atlantic
island of São Tomé in the 1500s, and the island also became the site,
soon enough, of the first slave revolt. The brutal technology was then
perfected in Barbados, where planters worked tens of thousands of
African captives to their deaths in sugar factories. But it was in the
United States, Rood shows, that the plantation found its most powerful
manifestations. In Virginia, Carolina, and then the Deep South,
successive plantation revolutions transformed slavery into a much more
rigid and oppressive institution. Incomparably wealthy planters now
insisted on a rightless, eternally available, “increasing” source of
labor, and in the process reinvented human bondage and stamped it onto a
single race. But the plantation did not die after the Civil War. It
metastasized. From the advent of sharecropping in the late nineteenth
century to the rise of cotton in mid-twentieth century California to
today’s chicken processing plants, the plantation has cast a long shadow
over American life. Rood further documents the “dark retreats” carved
out of plantation life by the enslaved. It was the enslaved who offered
the most clear-eyed understanding of what the plantation behemoths told
us, and still tell us, about our country.
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