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Scripture: Revelation 2:12-17
Scripture: Revelation 2:12-17
A. Christ introduces himself as the one who holds the sharp two-edged sword (Revelation 2:12)
B. Pergamum was a center of intense pagan idolatry — "where Satan's throne is" (Revelation 2:13)
C. Despite this hostile environment, the church remained faithful
A. The charge: some in Pergamum held the teaching of Balaam (Revelation 2:14-15)
B. The warning: repent or Christ will come and war against them with the sword of his mouth (Revelation 2:16)
C. The example of Phinehas: righteous jealousy for the Lord's name within the covenant community
D. Application: the church must champion its heroes of faith while still honestly evaluating their failures
A. Promise of hidden manna (Revelation 2:17)
B. Promise of a white stone with a new name
C. Closing exhortation
Scripture: Psalm 95
Scripture: Psalm 95:1-11
A. The psalmist commands exuberant, wholehearted praise — joyful shouting fit for a king who saves his people
A. God is specially present when his people gather for worship (cf. Exodus 33:15)
A. The three Hebrew verbs — worship, bow down, kneel — all mean to prostrate oneself; this is face-down-in-the-dirt humility before almighty God
A. He is our God — his commitment is constant; his care is all-sufficient and personal
A. The warning is taken up in full by the author of Hebrews (Hebrews 3:7–11; Hebrews 4:3); Derek Kidner notes it "forbids us to confine its thrust to Israel" — the today is this very moment
A. If you have an evil, unbelieving heart — repent today; do not tarry; flee to Christ
Scripture: Revelation 2:8-11
Scripture: Revelation 2:8-11
A. Christ introduces himself to the church in Smyrna as "the first and the last, who died and came to life" — he speaks from the other side of suffering
B. Christ's declaration "I know your tribulation and your poverty" is intimate knowledge, not merely intellectual awareness
C. Christ's empathy is untinged by sin and unrestricted by mortality
A. Revelation 2:10a — "the devil is about to throw some of you into prison that you may be tested"; Satan works through his instruments, yet the sovereign Lord ordains it
B. Suffering without a sovereign purpose destroys; suffering understood as a test from God sustains
C. Excommunication in 1 Corinthians 5 and 1 Timothy 1 is described as handing someone over to Satan — suffering outside Christ's lordship prepares one for the second death, not for glory
A. The "ten days" of tribulation (Revelation 2:10) most likely symbolizes the brevity of the season of suffering, not a literal duration
B. Death itself becomes the crown of life for those united to the one who died and yet lives
C. Historical illustration: Polycarp, bishop of Smyrna (traditionally a disciple of the Apostle John), martyred c. AD 155
Scripture: Judges 21
Scripture: Judges 21:1-25
A. The book of Judges opens with Israel inquiring of the Lord after Joshua's death and closes with the repeated refrain: "In those days there was no king in Israel. Everyone did what was right in his own eyes."
B. Two rash oaths made at Mizpah set up the moral tangle of this passage
C. Israel's response to Benjamin's near-extinction shows a mixture of right and wrong
D. The problem of oaths is not that they can be made, but what has been promised in haste and without wisdom
E. Application: the mirror of God's Word reflects our own moral mess
A. God does not speak in this passage; the actions are neither commended nor condemned — yet his providence is at work throughout
B. Israel's compassion for Benjamin (twice noted: Judges 21:6 and Judges 21:15) is, through the fog of the mess, a vehicle of the Lord's own compassion
C. God is faithful to himself and therefore faithful to his covenant people
D. From Benjamin's preserved remnant comes the first king of Israel — Saul — and ultimately the King of kings
E. Application: the Lord's tenacious grace
Scripture: Revelation 2:1-7
Scripture: Revelation 2:1-7
A. Christ commends the Ephesian church for guarding sound doctrine
B. The historical context of Ephesus heightens the significance of this faithfulness
C. Doctrinal faithfulness and love are not opposites — Christ commends both together
A. Christ's charge against Ephesus: they have abandoned their first love (Revelation 2:4-5)
B. The Ephesians suffer from what may be called the Pharisee syndrome
C. The diagnostic question every church must ask
A. The conquering call at the close of the letter (Revelation 2:7)
B. The tree of life points back to the garden and forward to the new creation
C. The chief aim and desire of the church
Scripture: Judges 20
Scripture: Judges 20
A. The fracturing of fellowship
B. The hardening of hearts
C. The devastation of death
A. The sharing of righteous anger
B. The sharing of righteous anguish
A. Judah goes first — and why it matters
B. The trajectory runs to Christ, the Lion of the Tribe of Judah
Scripture: Judges 19
Scripture: Judges 19
A. The fruit of sin includes a mixed bag of behavior
B. The fruit of sin includes a lack of love for neighbor
C. The fruit of sin includes a removal of restraint
A. The root of sin is the self-rule of man
B. The root of sin is remedied by the sovereign rule of God in Christ
Scripture: Nahum 3
Scripture: Nahum 3:1-19
(Nahum 3:1-4)
A. Violence
B. Deceit (Nahum 3:1)
C. Sexual Sin (Nahum 3:4)
(Nahum 3:8-19)
A. The example of Thebes (Nahum 3:8-10)
B. Economic collapse foretold (Nahum 3:16)
C. Arrogant and sleeping leadership (Nahum 3:18)
D. The danger of comfort and ease
(Nahum 3:19)
A. Nahum's prophecy was ultimately for the sake of Judah and the Davidic covenant
B. All nations who suffered under Assyria clap their hands at her destruction (Nahum 3:19)
C. Christological fulfillment
Scripture: Philemon
Scripture: Philemon 1–25
A. Paul identifies himself as a prisoner of Christ, not of Rome
B. Every person named in the letter — Philemon, Apphia, Archippus, and Onesimus — belongs first and foremost to Jesus
C. Love within the church is a form of testimony to the world
D. The church in Philemon's house is a model for Christian households
A. Onesimus appears to have both run away and stolen from Philemon (Philemon 18)
B. The absent-yet-present gospel: Paul does not explicitly mention Christ's death and resurrection, but enacts them
C. Important distinctions regarding forgiveness and civil justice
D. The name Onesimus means "useful" — formerly useless, now truly useful through Christ (Philemon 11)
E. Paul's indirect appeal: he hints that he wishes Onesimus could remain with him (Philemon 13–16)
A. The heavenly reality intrudes upon and reshapes earthly reality
B. Cognitive dissonance between Sunday fellowship and six-day treatment reveals a contradiction that must be resolved
C. Philemon 17 — Philemon is called to receive Onesimus as he would receive Paul himself
D. Philemon 21 — Paul is confident Philemon will do even more than he asks
Scripture: Luke 22:14-16
Scripture: Luke 22:14-16
A. Consider who Jesus is
B. Consider with whom Jesus reclines at table
C. Application: Christ is not repelled by sinners
A. Jesus' heart is revealed in verse 15: "I have earnestly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer"
B. Why such desire?
C. This desire flows from Christ's boundless love
A. As Jesus eats, his eyes are set on the future fulfillment — Luke 22:16: "I will not eat it until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God"
B. The Lord's Supper is a typological, signpost meal
C. Even with the cross looming before him, Jesus sees through his suffering to the joy beyond it
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