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Scripture: 1 Thessalonians 1:11
Scripture: 1 Thessalonians 2:1-12
A. Paul, Silas, and Timothy suffered physically and socially at Philippi — Acts 16
A. Itinerant sophists in Greco-Roman culture sought financial and social gain through oratory; Paul explicitly distances himself from this
A. 1 Thessalonians 2:7 — the oldest manuscripts read "like infants among you, like a nursing mother taking care of her own children"
A. 1 Thessalonians 2:8 — "affectionately desirous of you, we were ready to share with you not only the gospel of God but also our own selves"
Scripture: Malachi 2:1-9
Scripture: Malachi 2:1-9
A. The Covenant with Levi was a covenant of fear — the priests were to stand in awe of Yahweh, yet they feared the Persian governor more than God
B. The priests showed partiality in their instruction (Malachi 2:9)
C. The priests failed to instruct the people in God's law — a primary duty of the levitical priesthood
D. By being careless in their own obedience, the priests became careless in caring for the souls of the people
A. Yahweh declares the Covenant curse has already come upon the priests (Malachi 2:1-2)
B. The curse takes three forms:
He will curse their blessings — the benedictions the levitical priests pronounced over the people after worship
He will rebuke their offspring — the priesthood was hereditary; just as Yahweh promised in Deuteronomy 28 to shut up the womb for disobedience, so he will cut off the wicked priestly line
He will spread dung on their faces (Malachi 2:3)
A. Amid the darkness of this passage, a word of comfort appears in Malachi 2:4
B. The harsher the language, the more the grace — God's warnings are meant to draw people into his mercy and love
C. However, this covenant repentance could never ultimately fix the problem with the levitical priesthood
D. The levitical priesthood pointed forward to and was fulfilled in Jesus Christ, the eternal high priest
Scripture: Malachi 1:6-14
Scripture: Malachi 1:6-14
A. God likens his relationship to Israel to that of a father and son, and a master and servant
B. Verse 6 follows directly on the reminder of God's electing love for Jacob over Esau (Malachi 1:2-5); worship is the natural response to that redeeming love
C. The language of the "Lord's table" (vv. 7, 12) conveys worship as intimate covenant fellowship, not merely servile duty
D. When worship feels like a burden (v. 13, "What a weariness this is"), the root cause is forgetting God's love
E. The Lord's Table is meant to reassure us of God's unshakable love and call forth a response of whole-hearted worship
A. Every sacrificial animal was to be without blemish according to Exodus 12, Leviticus 1, and Leviticus 22; Deuteronomy 15 expressly forbade blind, lame, or sick animals
B. The regulative principle of worship: only what God expressly prescribes in his Word is permitted in worship
C. Presumptuous worship (v. 9) — assuming blemished gifts will secure God's favor — only secures judgment
A. The passage's primary indictment falls on the priests
B. Malachi 1:11 predicts a coming "regulative person" who will establish pure worship in every place among the nations — two unique features:
C. Jesus Christ fulfills this prophecy as the righteous priest and pure offering
D. Christ is the courageous priest who puts an end to false worship — judging the temple and its leaders — and lays a table before his people filled not with blemished animals but with the symbols of his once-for-all sacrifice
Scripture: 1 Thessalonians
Scripture: 1 Thessalonians 1:1-10
A. Paul gives thanks for the Thessalonians, recalling the triad of Christian characteristics found throughout the epistles: faith, hope, and love (1 Corinthians 13)
B. These are not passive qualities but active, energy-driven characteristics
C. Those whom God has set his love on will show forth the fruit of Good Works through faith, hope, and love
A. 1 Thessalonians 1:4-5 — Paul knows the Thessalonians are God's elect because the gospel came to them not in word only but in power, in the Holy Spirit, and with full conviction
B. Election cannot be known as God's secret decree, but as made manifest in its fruits and effects
C. The Thessalonians did not receive the gospel merely as eloquent oratory or interesting propositions; the power of the Spirit drove its content into the very marrow of their souls
D. The word for power is the Greek dunamis (dynamite) — the miraculous, awe-inspiring power of God is at work when sinners are converted
E. The mark of God's saving love is Spirit-wrought, internal conviction that the gospel of Jesus Christ is true, evidenced by a life lived in accordance with that truth
A. 1 Thessalonians 1:6-8 — the Thessalonians became imitators of the apostles and of the Lord, receiving the word in much affliction with the joy of the Holy Spirit
B. A mark of saving grace is a change in role models — those we long to imitate become godly men and women rather than worldly figures
C. The gospel sounded forth — the Greek word conveys the idea of an echo
D. Verse 8 — it is the word of the Lord that sounds forth, not the word of Paul or the Thessalonians
A. 1 Thessalonians 1:9-10 — the Thessalonians turned from idols to serve the living and true God and to wait for his Son from heaven
B. Thessalonica was an exceptionally polytheistic city
C. Turning from idols was therefore costly — social ostracism, economic hardship, and persecution; the "affliction" referenced is likely social rather than physical
D. The flesh cannot withstand the idol-making world on its own; only the dunamis of the Spirit holds believers strong amid affliction
E. The patron god of Thessalonica: Cabirus — a martyred hero supposedly murdered by his brothers, buried with symbols of royal power, expected to return from the dead to help the oppressed
F. Jesus Christ is the risen and returning God-man; his coming will be a day of wrath for those who serve dead idols, and a day of full restoration and salvation for those who serve the living God
Scripture: Job 42:1-6
Scripture: Job 42:1-6
A. Job's theology was rich and well-grounded before his suffering
B. Yet vast and vivid impressions of God prove insufficient
C. We too may have impressive knowledge of God yet still find nagging questions in our hearts
A. From Job 38–41, God speaks to Job out of the whirlwind across two extended speeches
B. The purpose of the second speech (as noted by Richard Belcher) is to convince Job that God is Lord of the moral order
C. The right experience of God comes through God's Word
A. Job's final response begins in verse 2 with a good but incomplete start
B. In verses 3–4 Job takes up God's own words on his lips, responding directly to the Word spoken to him
C. Job's confession in verses 5–6: "I had heard of you by the hearing of the ear, but now my eye sees you; therefore I despise myself and repent in dust and ashes"
D. Two possible responses when met with God's Word
E. There is a proper place for honest lament in the Christian life
F. Christ is the better Job — the perfect responder in suffering
G. In his Word God meets us in our suffering, brings us to an end of ourselves, calls us to confess and repent, and draws us to himself
Scripture: Malachi 1:1–5
A. God's opening declaration: "I have loved Jacob but Esau I have hated" (Malachi 1:2–3)
B. Election is the ground of God's covenantal love
C. Jacob's name means "heel-grabber" or deceiver, echoing the serpent imagery of Genesis 3
D. Application: In dry seasons, daily confession of sin anchors hope in electing love
A. Edom (descendants of Esau) was a constant adversary of Israel
B. At the time of Malachi's writing, Edom lay in ruins — destroyed by the Nabataeans under the Babylonian king Nabonidus
C. The word "remember" and its variants appear over 500 times in Scripture — the faith of the Bible is a historical faith rooted in recalling redemptive history
D. The New Covenant counterpart: look to the cross, not the ruins of Edom
A. Malachi 1:4: Edom vows to rebuild, but God declares he will tear it down; they shall be called "the wicked country"
B. Throughout history Esau/Edom repeatedly sought to reclaim the inheritance sold for a bowl of soup
C. The pattern culminates in two representative men: Jesus and Herod
D. Conclusion: The elect Son of Promise — the embodiment of Israel — now reigns over heaven and earth
Scripture: 3 John
Scripture: 3 John 1–15
A. Christian affection expressed in words
B. Christian affection expressed in deeds
A. The content of the truth — the name above every name
B. The warning of Diotrephes — do not be like him (3 John 9–10)
C. The example of Demetrius — imitate good (3 John 11–12)
D. The church's calling: mutual perseverance in the truth
Scripture: 2 John
Scripture: 2 John 1–13
A. John addresses "the elect lady and her children" — most likely a reference to a local congregation, a subunit of the one Church Catholic
B. The close bonds between congregations are representative bonds — mediated through elders corresponding and gathering together
C. Application — our prayer lives should be as extensive as the apostles' vision of the church
A. In John 18:37, Jesus declares he came to bear witness to the truth; Pilate's response — "What is truth?" — reflects the Greco-Roman view of truth as elusive and abstract
B. John's view of truth stands in contrast: truth is not a formula to be climbed toward but a person who comes to us — the Logos made flesh (John 1)
C. Richard Yarbrough identifies five dimensions of truth found across John's letters
D. Jonathan Edwards illustrates the proper integration of truth
A. Close bonds must not erode discernment — the love John calls for is a truth-anchored, discerning love, not blind loyalty
B. The reason for discernment: "many deceivers have gone out into the world, those who do not confess the coming of Jesus Christ in the flesh" (v. 7)
C. Abiding in the teaching of Christ (vv. 8–9) contrasts with "going on ahead"
D. The practical application of verses 10–11 — do not receive false teachers or give them greeting
E. Conclusion: the confession of truth should translate to the fellowship of truth — who we are one with ought to reflect the doctrines we proclaim, so the watching world sees a clear and consistent witness
Scripture: John 11:45-57
Scripture: John 11:45-57
A. The Sanhedrin convenes to address the threat Jesus poses
B. Caiaphas was a shrewd and politically gifted high priest
C. The irony: killing Jesus did not save the place and the nation — it sealed their judgment
A. John explains that Caiaphas, as high priest, prophesied that Jesus would die for the nation (John 11:51)
B. The Passover setting is not incidental (John 11:55)
C. The earliest church was Jewish — God's salvation came first to Israel
A. Caiaphas prophesied not for the nation only, but to gather into one the scattered children of God (John 11:52)
B. The Old Testament always anticipated Gentiles gathered with Israel under Messiah
C. Christ gathers one flock from all peoples
D. Application: even in chaotic times, the enemies of God unwittingly serve his purposes
Scripture: 1 John 5:6
Scripture: 1 John 5:6-12
(1 John 5:6-9)
A. God testifies to Jesus through the water and the blood — the bookends of his public ministry
B. God testifies to Jesus through the Spirit
C. The three witnesses agree — Spirit, water, and blood — because they are one testimony of one God
(1 John 5:10-12)
A. The fact: there is a great benefit for those who trust the testimony
B. The warning: there is grave danger in rejecting the testimony
C. The testimony of God is 100% true and certain whether or not anyone believes it
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