This episode, Dr. Taren speaks with Dr. Maiara Cristina Lima and Dr. Débora Kurrle Venske from University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Their article is a systematic review on the effects of the ketogenic diet (KD) in children and adults with pharmacoresistant epilepsy on cognitive function. Join us for this conversation.

Dietary carotenoid intake is associated with vitamin A status and healthy visual and cognitive function in early life. To date, however, only limited population-level data on the concentrations of carotenoids in human milk or infant blood have been available to assess the dietary exposure of infants to carotenoids. This episode, Nutrition Reviews Editor in Chief, Dr. Douglas Taren, speaks with Dr. Nancy Moran who with her co-authors conducted a systematic review that seeks to define worldwide carotenoid concentrations in human milk and infant blood. Join us for this conversation.

Despite producing sufficient food for the global population, the growing prevalence of food insecurity in developed countries is cause for concern. The millions of metric tons of food wasted each year could be used instead to drastically lower rates of food insecurity and address food sustainability. This episode, we speak with Amanda Grech from the School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney. She, and her co-authors, conducted a scoping review, aimed to identify barriers to and enablers of harnessing food waste across food sectors, including food retail, households, and food rescue organizations, to address food insecurity in a developed country, Australia.

Previous epidemiological studies have shown an association between racial discrimination and health outcomes in specific populations, such as Black, Asian, and Indigenous individuals living in the United States, Australia, and Canada as well as in Latin American and European countries. Most of these studies have a focus on interpersonal racial discrimination, which is mainly investigated by measuring perceived racial discrimination and evaluating chronic stress caused by unfair treatment experiences over an individual’s lifetime. Several studies have demonstrated an association between lifelong racial discrimination experiences and poor eating habits in the last decade of life. Our guest, Raquel Canuto, along with her co-authors, conducted a systematic review to examine the association between PRD and eating habits and to analyze the pathways of this association presented in the primary studies. Join us this episode as we speak with Dr. Canuto about the groups findings.

Diet influences the aetiology of 7 of the 10 most globally prevalent Non-Communicable Diseases. Most individuals do not have a diet that adheres to guidelines for the prevention of disease. Nutrition care has been shown to be an effective way of reducing biomarkers of diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and excess body weight. However, the cost-effectiveness of nutrition care within primary care settings remains unknown. As such, this review aims to synthesize and evaluate the findings of CEAs of nutrition care interventions provided in primary care settings. Join us this episode as we speak to Dr. Katelyn Barnes and Dr. Lauren Ball from Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) manifests with systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and gut dysbiosis, resulting in metabolic disorders and elevated rates of cardiovascular disease–associated death. The root vegetable beetroot (Beta vulgaris rubra) deserves special attention because it is a source of several bioactive compounds, such as nitrate, betaine, and betalain, and has shown beneficial effects in CKD, including reduction of blood pressure, anti-inflammatory effects, and antioxidant actions by scavenging radical oxidative species, as observed in preclinical studies. In this episode, we speak with Laís de Souza Gouveia Moreira and Denise Mafra from Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janiero, Brazil, co-authors of this month's featured paper.

Children in care (CiC) have often experienced trauma and, as a result, are at high risk for poor health outcomes. It is imperative that human-service stakeholders provide trauma-informed health services and interventions. However, little is known about how health promotion is addressed in the standards and guidelines for CiC. Join us this episode where we speak with Rachael Green, co-author of this month's featured paper.

Herbs and spices are recommended to increase flavor and displace salt in the diet. Accumulating evidence suggests herbs and spices may improve risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases. In this episode we speak with Kristina Petersen, who co-authored this paper on a review of human clinical trials and studies on the effect of herbs and spices on risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases.

This episode we speak with Jamie Baum, PhD the Director for the Center for Human Nutrition within University System Division of Agriculture and is an Associate Professor in the Department of Food Science. She, with co-author Sam Walker, wrote a narrative review on eggs as an affordable source of nutrients for adults and children living in food-insecure environment.  Food insecurity affects an estimated 12% of households in the United States. Dietary intake of eggs may be an applicable solution for food-insecure families who are challenged by limited nutritional intake. However, dietary intake of eggs is controversial in regard to cardiovascular health. Thus, the aim of this review is to summarize the role of eggs in the diet and the impact eggs have on health for adults and children living in a food-insecure environment. 

This episode we speak with Sarah Costello at Société des Produits Nestlé S.A, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland. She, with co-authors, Eveline Geiser, and Nora Schneider published a review on nutrients for executive function development and related brain connectivity in school-aged children. Among other factors, their research highlights the influential effect of nutrition and diet on these neurodevelopmental processes, which may impact executive function performance in healthy and deficient populations. Join us for this conversation.