Yr Hen Iaith

Pennod 19 - ‘Iarlles y Ffynnon’, nid ‘Owain’


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Yn y bennod hon trafodwn yr olaf o’r ‘chwedlau brodorol’ wrth i ni graffu ar saernïaeth gelfydd ‘Iarlles y Ffynnon’. Nodwn y duedd i ddefnyddio enw prif gymeriad gwrywaidd y chwedl hon, ‘Owain’, fel teitl gan fynnu mai’r teitl a geir yn Llyfr Coch Hergest sy’n gywir, ‘Iarlles y Ffynnon’.
Ynghyd â Gwenhwyfar a’r forwyn Luned, mae’r Iarlles yn un o driawd o gymeriadau benywaidd cryf a byw a geir yn y stori hon. Y hi sy’n rheoli yn ei theyrnas, er bod y marchog du yn gwarchod y ffynnon hudolus sy’n fynedfa iddi. Ymysg y pethau sy’n gwneud y darn hwn o lenyddiaeth ganoloeosol mor wych yw’r modd y mae’n cynrychioli ymddiddan a’r ymwneud rhwng cymeriad, pob un â’i bersonoliaeth wahanol. A pham bod Arthur yn cysgu ar ‘deml o frwyn’ (fel eryr yn ei nyth, yn ôl Richard Wyn Jones)?
The Lady of the Fountain, not ‘Owain’
In this episode we discuss the last of the ‘native tales’ as we examine the artful construction of ‘The Lady of the Fountain’. We note the tendency to use the main male character’s name, ‘Owain’, for the title, and insist that it is the title found in the Red Book of Hergest which is correct – ‘The Lady of the Fountain’.
Along with Gwenhwyfar and the maiden Luned, the Lady is one of a triad of strong and life-like female characters found in this story. It is she who rules in her realm, even though the black knight guards the magical fountain which is its entrance. Among the things which make this piece of medieval literature so great is the way in which it represents conversation and the interplay between characters, each one with her or his own unique personality. And why does Arthur sleep on ‘a mound of rushes’ (like an eagle in his nest, according to Richard Wyn Jones)?
Cyflwynwyd gan: Yr Athro Jerry Hunter a'r Athro Richard Wyn Jones
Cynhyrchwyd gan: Richard Martin
Cerddoriaeth: 'Might Have Done' gan The Molenes
Dilynwch ni ar Trydar: http://www.twitter.com/YrHenIaith
Tanysgrifwch yn eich hoff ap podlediadau neu ar YouTube i derbyn y pennod nesaf ar cyhoeddiad.
Darllen pellach: / Further Reading:
- Dafydd Ifans a Rhiannon Ifans, Y Mabinogion[:] Diweddariad (Llandysul: Gwasg Gomer, 1980)
- Ceridwen Lloyd-Morgan a Erich Poppe (goln.), Arthur in the Celtic Languages (Caerdydd: Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru, 2019)
...more
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