Yr Hen Iaith

Pennod 47 - 'Swydd y Beirdd sydd heb Urddas’: Beirdd, Dyneiddwyr a Karl Marx


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Mae’r bennod hon yn canolbwyntio ar y ffactorau a oedd yn tanseilio’r gyfundrefn farddol Gymraeg yn ystod ail hanner yr unfed ganrif ar bymtheg. Trafodwn dair her yn benodol, gan ddechrau gyda’r ffaith bod pwll nawdd yn crebachu gan ei gwneud yn anos i fardd ennill bywoliaeth trwy ganu mawl.
Ystyriwn her syniadau ac agweddau’r dyneiddwyr hefyd a’r ymrafael rhwng dau fath o ddysg yn y cyfnod.
Ac yn olaf, crybwyllwn y modd yr oedd technoleg newydd y wasg argraffu yn cynnig her o fath arall. Clywir hanesyn am uchelwr a ddangosodd ddirmyg i fardd mawl mewn modd cofiadwy a cheir cyfle i wyntyllu dadansoddiad Marcsaidd o’r newidiadau hyn yn hynt hanes ein diwylliant llenyddol.
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‘The Job of the Bards is without Dignity’: Bards, Humanists and Karl Marx
This episode concentrates on the factors which were undermining the Welsh bardic order during the second half of the sixteenth century. We discuss three challenges specifically, beginning with the fact that the pool of patronage was shrinking and making it more difficult for a bard to earn a living by composing praise poetry.
We also consider the challenge posed by the ideas and attitudes of the humanists and the struggle between two kinds of learning in the period.
Finally, we note the way in which the new technology of the printing press was presenting a different kind of challenge. You’ll hear an anecdote about an uchelwr who showed his contempt for a praise poet in a memorable manner and there is ample opportunity to explore a Marxist analysis of these changes in the course of our literature’s history.
Cyflwynwyd gan: Yr Athro Jerry Hunter a'r Athro Richard Wyn Jones
Cynhyrchwyd gan: Richard Martin
Cerddoriaeth: Might Have Done gan The Molenes
Darllen Pellach / Further Reading:
- R. Brinley Jones, The Old British Tongue: The Vernacular in Wales 1540-1600 (1970)
- Branwen Jarvis, 'Llythyr Siôn Dafydd Rhys at y Beirdd', Llên Cymru 12 ac hefyd yn y gyfrol Llinynnau (1999)
- Jerry Hunter, ‘Cyfrinachau ar Dafod Leferydd: Ideoleg Technoleg yn yr Unfed Ganrif ar Bymtheg’ yn Angharad Price (gol.), Chwileniwm [:] Llenyddiaeth a Thechnoleg (2002)
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