Yr Hen Iaith

Pennod 68 - Baledi’r Ddeunawfed Ganrif


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Cewch gyflwyniad yn y bennod hon i faledi’r ddeunawfed ganrif, un o ffurfiau llenyddol Cymraeg mwyaf poblogaidd y cyfnod. Yn wir, o ystyried y nifer uchel ohonynt sydd wedi goroesi, mae’n bosib dadlau mai’r faled oedd ffurf fwyaf poblogaidd y ddeunawfed ganrif.
Ar ôl ymgodymu ychydig â’r diffiniad, awgrymwn mai’r cysylltiad rhwng y math hwn o gerdd a’r wasg argraffu yw’r ffordd orau o ddiffinio’r faled. Cerddi i’w canu oedd y baledi hyn, ffaith sy’n codi cwestiynau diddorol am y berthynas rhwng y cyfrwng llafar a phrint. Wrth ystyried cyfansoddiad gan Als Williams, nodwn fod baledwragedd yn ogystal â baledwyr, a bod merched wedi hawlio lle yn y diwydiant cyhoeddi newydd hwn.
Edrychwn ar ddwy faled gan Huw Jones o Langwm hefyd, y naill am ddaeargryn Lisbon (1755) a’r llall am ei helyntion ei hun. Cewch glywed ychydig o hanes Richard Wyn Jones yn astudio Jôb yn yr ysgol Sul pan oedd yn hogyn ifanc hefyd.
***
The Ballads of the Eighteenth Century
In this episode you’ll get an introduction to the ballads of the eighteenth century, one of the most popular Welsh-language literary forms of the period. Indeed, considering the high number of them which have survived, it’s possible to argue that the ballad was the most popular form of the eighteenth century.
After wrestling a little with the definition, we suggest that the connection between this kind of poem and the printing press is the best way to define the ballad. These ballads were poems to be sung, a fact which raises interesting questions about the relationship between the oral medium and print. While considering a composition by Als Williams, we note that that there are ballads by women who claimed a place in this new publishing industry.
We also look at two ballads by Huw Jones of Llangwm, one about the 1755 Lisbon earthquake and the other about his own problems. You’ll also hear a little about Richard Wyn Jones studying the Book of Job in Sunday school when he was a young lad.
Cyflwynwyd gan: Yr Athro Jerry Hunter a'r Athro Richard Wyn Jones
Cynhyrchwyd gan: Richard Martin
Cerddoriaeth: 'Might Have Done' gan The Molenes
Darllen Pellach/Further Reading:
- E. G. Millward (gol.), Blodeugerdd Barddas o Gerddi Rhydd y Ddeunawfed Ganrif (Llandybïe, 1991).
- Cathryn Charnell-White (gol.), Beirdd Ceridwen [:] Blodeugerdd Barddas o Ganu Menywod hyd tua 1800 (Llandybïe, 2005).
- Siwan Roser, Y Ferch ym Myd y Faled [:] Delweddau o’r Ferch ym Maledi’r Ddeunawfed Ganrif (Caerdydd, 2005).
Baledi Huw Jones o Langwm, wedi’u golygu gan A. Cynfael Lake, ar wefan Prifysgol Abertawe: baledihuwjones.swan.ac.uk.
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