Yr Hen Iaith

Pennod 82 - Eben Fardd


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Canolbwyntiwn ar Ebenezer Thomas (1802-1863) yn y bennod hon. Mae trafod dechrau’i yrfa lenyddol gynnar yn gyfle i ni ystyried diwylliant barddol Cymraeg hanner cyntaf y bedwaredd ganrif ar bymtheg yn gyffredinol. Bu rhwydwaith o gymdeithasau Cymraeg yn ei fro enedigol, Eifionydd, yn fodd i’r Ebenezer ifanc hogi’i grefft, dod i adnabod beirdd adnabyddus yr ardal megis Robert ap Gwilym Ddu a Dewi Wyn, ac ennill yr enw ‘Eben Fardd’. Wedyn, mae disgrifio’r modd y daeth yn fardd cenedlaethol o bwys yn dadlennu tipyn ar ddiwylliant eisteddfodol Cymru yn ystod y degawdau cyn i’r Eisteddfod Genedlaethol gael ei sefydlu. Cewch flas ar fwrlwm Eisteddfod Powys yn Y Trallwng, 1824, gan gynnwys agweddau sy’n tystio i afael Prydeindod ac imperilaeth ar ddiwylliant Cymraeg y cyfnod.
Craffwn wedyn ar gampwaith Eben Fardd, sef yr awdl a ddaeth yn fuddugol yn yr eisteddfod honno, ‘Dinistr Jerusalem’, un o awdlau eisteddfodol mwyaf poblogaidd a mwyaf dylanwadol y ganrif.
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Eben Fardd:
We concentrate on Ebenezer Thomas (1802-1863) in this episode. Discussing his early literary career provides an opportunity for us to consider the Welsh bardic culture of the first half of the nineteenth century in general. A network of Welsh societies in his native region, Eifionydd, provided a way for the young Ebenezer to sharpen his craft, get to known famous poets in the region including Robert ap Gwilym Ddu and Dewi Wyn, and earn the name ‘Eben Fardd’. Then, describing the manner in which he became a national poet of significance reveals much about the eisteddfodic culture of Wales during the decades before the National Eisteddfod was founded. You’ll get a taste of the excitement of the Powys Eisteddfod yn Welshpool in 1824, including aspects which show the hold of Britishness and imperialism on Welsh culture of the period.
Then we examine Eben Fardd’s masterpiece, ‘The Destruction of Jerusalem’, the victorious awdl in that eisteddfod, one of the most popular and most influential eisteddfodic awdlau of the century.
Cyflwynwyd gan: Yr Athro Jerry Hunter a'r Athro Richard Wyn Jones
Cynhyrchwyd gan: Richard Martin ar gyfer Mimosa Cymru
Cerddoriaeth: 'Might Have Done' gan The Molenes
Darllen Pellach/Further Reading:
- E. G. Millward, Eben Fardd (Gwasg Pantycelyn, 1988).
- Ebenezer Thomas, Eben Fardd (Dalen Newydd, 2014).
- Eben Fardd, Dinistr Jerusalem a Cherddi Eraill (Melin Bapur, 2024).
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Yr Hen IaithBy Mimosa Cymru


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