Multiverse scientists deviate from the longstanding scientific method, grounded in predictions and observations, by positing infinitely many unobservable parallel universes to explain fine tuning. They have subtly switched to a mathematically formulated philosophical theory about an infinite multiverse to explain the fine tuning of our one ordered universe. This episode justifies why the multiverse is not science, and supports this assertion through the words of prominent scientists who attempt to defend the esteem of science from the multiverse’s corrosive effects.

Timestamps:

0:00 - Opening

0:50 - Introduction

1:40 - Evaluating the Eternal Inflation/String Theory Multiverse

3:33 - Eternal Inflation Makes No Predictions Because of its Infinities

8:50 - String Theory Makes No Predictions

15:03 - All Multiverse Theories Fail to Make Predictions

17:31 - Redefining Science

22:30 - Redefining Science Won’t Help, But It Will Hurt

29:31 - Multiverse Scientists’ Disdain Towards Philosophy

31:28 - Why it Matters if Multiverse Corrupts Science

34:37 - Multiverse is Not Science but is Bad Philosophy

36:28 - Outro

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The scientific method has been the key to the great success of science over the past 300 years, and it’s incredibly important to distinguish it from the philosophical method. You probably learned about the scientific method in 5th grade, and might be surprised we’re doing an episode on it. But times are changing. There’s now a serious controversy in the scientific community about whether it’s time to change the definition of science to accommodate the multiverse under the banner of science.

That’s a truly shocking development.

In this episode, we present a clear formulation of the scientific and philosophical methods so you can judge for yourself whether the multiverse is science or philosophy.

Timestamps:

0:00 - Opening

1:42 - Introduction

3:52 - The Scientific Method

8:28 - Why Following the Scientific Method is so Important

9:08 - Rejecting False Theories

13:10 - Accepting True Theories

15:46 - The Philosophical Method

21:54 - Science-Based Philosophy

25:24 - Multiverse is Science-Based Philosophy

27:40 - Multiverse is Not a Good Philosophical Theory

30:06 - Value of Good Science-Based Philosophy

32:22 - Multiverse Scientists Claim Multiverse is Science

34:09 - Outro

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If you thought multiverse scientists have difficulty explaining the fine tuning of the constants without God, you won’t believe the trouble they have explaining away the designed laws of nature. The mathematical multiverse solution to the design of the laws is so outlandish it makes a standard multiverse look tame by comparison. It’s really the ultimate multiverse theory - and it runs directly into the ultimate meta-measure problem.

Timestamps:

0:00 - Opening

1:30 - Introduction

4:34 - The Mathematical Universe Hypothesis

10:03 - Evidence for the Mathematical Multiverse

12:10 - Are Simple Laws of Nature Typical?

16:12 - Another Designed Measure

18:41 - The Meta-Measure Problem

23:03 - The Difference between Science and Mathematics

28:25 - The Relationship between Science and Mathematics

31:26 - Why Science Needs God

35:28 - Outro

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In an infinite multiverse, the need to calculate if our universe is typical leads directly to the devastating three-layered measure problem: ad hoc measures are bad ideas to begin with, all intuitive measures don’t work, and even if multiverse scientists were to find a contrived measure that did work, it would beg the question of what fine tuned and designed it?

While multiverse theory is plagued by many issues, the measure problem is unique. It conclusively demonstrates the multiverse’s failure to explain fine tuning and, for that matter, to explain anything at all. Once you understand the full scope of this problem, you’ll see why the multiverse fails as a good scientific theory, even in multiverse scientists’ framework.

Timestamps:

0:00 - Opening

0:48 - Intro

1:41 - From a Naive Multiverse to the Measure Problem

4:17 - The Three Layered Measure Problem

 - 5:22 1. Ad Hoc Measures

 - 9:00 2. Intuitive Measures Don’t Work 

 - 15:45 3. Fine Tuned Measures

22:02 - The Scope of the Measure Problem

22:32 - The Measure Problem Applies to Any Infinite Multiverse

23:47 - Problems with a Finite Multiverse

29:08 - The Significance of the Measure Problem

32:53 - Outro

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In previous episodes, we discussed the multiverse's sole "prediction" that we are typical observers in a typical universe. However, this ignored the major problem that it doesn't seem possible for an infinite varied multiverse to use probabilities to make any prediction whatsoever because there are an infinite number of copies of every possible universe!

To get around this problem, multiverse scientists use something called measures to compute probabilities in an infinite multiverse and then determine what a typical universe looks like. They thereby attempt to rescue multiverse theory from the fatal flaws of a naive multiverse, but end up running directly into the measure problem we'll discuss next time.

Timestamps:

0:00 - Opening

0:57 - Introduction

1:50 - From a Naive Multiverse to Measures

5:07 - The Problem of Infinities and Probabilities

7:50  -Measures

13:39 - True and False Predictions

16:48 - The Boltzmann Brain Measure

21:03 - Outro

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The Boltzmann Brain problem – the multiverse's prediction that you are a randomly fluctuated brain with false memories – sounds like a ridiculous problem. In a sense, it is. But it's nevertheless a major challenge for the multiverse which claims we are typical observers. The Grand Universe problem – the sheer splendor and grandeur of our immense universe – likewise presents a significant question for the multiverse’s claim that our universe is typical. These problems cast serious doubt on the multiverse’s third premise – that we are typical observers in a typical universe with intelligent life.

Timestamps:

0:00 - Opening

1:32 - Introduction

2:23 - Summary of Last Two Episodes 

5:05 - Boltzmann Brain Problem

10:16 - Why Does It Matter If You’re a Boltzmann Brain?

14:48 - The Grand Universe Problem

20:20 - A Historical Irony

23:43 - The Need for Justification

29:38 - Outro

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This episode discusses something many people fail to mention about the multiverse - that it actually makes a prediction.

Well, sort of. You can probably guess that a theory about an infinite number of unobservable parallel universes can’t make a conventional prediction in the standard scientific sense. But with this “prediction”, you’ll see how multiverse scientists can avoid the three problems that plague a naive multiverse.

While this episode is incredibly important for understanding the multiverse, it’s more complicated than the last one. But don’t worry - we have a marble analogy that makes everything crystal clear.

Timestamps:

0:00 - Opening

1:14 - Introduction

2:06 - Reviewing the Three Problems with a Naive Multiverse

4:27 - The Typical Universe Premise

10:06 - A Typical Universe is a Prediction of Multiverse

13:35 - The Marbles Analogy

21:03 - Avoiding the Problems

24:50 -  An Unconventional Prediction

27:18 - Outro

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This is probably our favorite episode in the series. It was certainly the most fun to record. Together with the next four episodes, it contains the heart of our argument rejecting the multiverse and marks the conceptual turning point of this entire series.

This episode in particular has a strange objective - to thoroughly reject a naive version of multiverse theory that no serious scientist actually believes in. While this may sound strange, this exercise is actually quite important. First of all, while no serious scientist accepts a naive multiverse, many popular presentations of the multiverse do. So it’s good to see the problems with the popular, but naive, version of multiverse. And more importantly, it turns out that understanding what a naive multiverse is, and where it goes wrong, is critical for appreciating the absolute necessity of multiverse’s third premise - that our universe is typical.

But it should be clear that in this episode, we’ll be attacking a naive version of the multiverse. While the actual multiverse theory may seem absurd, many leading scientists believe that it’s a realistic possibility. The naive multiverse, on the other hand, is so completely ludicrous that no one serious can possibly believe it. At least we hope not...

Timestamps:

0:00 - Opening

2:00 - Introduction

4:34 - Multiverse of the Gaps

10:24 - Intrinsically Irrefutable

17:31 - Self-defeating

20:46 - The Three Problems

21:59 - Outro

Get essay versions of all episodes in Season 1: Intelligent Cause and Season 2: Analyzing & Rejecting Multiverse

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Multiverse scientists use string theory to support the Varied Multiverse Premise. This episode will evaluate whether or not string theory truly supports the notion that the constants vary between universes. To do so, we’ll first need to give a little context on how string theory fits into the picture of modern physics and the pursuit of a final theory of everything (one theory that explains everything else in the universe). Then we’ll discuss some of the basic elements of string theory relevant to the multiverse.

Timestamps:

0:00 - Opening

1:11 - Intro

1:56 - Final Theory of Everything

3:20 - String Theory

8:50 - The Problem With String Theory's Hidden Dimensions

17:22 - The Marriage With Multiverse

27:19 -  Summary of the Evidence

32:00 - Outro

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Multiverse scientists support the Varied Multiverse Premise - the claim that the constants vary from universe to universe - by using fine tuning, the very same evidence we use for the existence of God. While it might sound strange that we come to the opposite conclusion based on the exact same evidence, this episode shows how it’s possible. Since multiverse scientists harbor a hidden premise their entire line of reasoning makes sense. But when this unjustified premise is dropped, it becomes clear that fine tuning points directly to the existence of God.

TIMESTAMPS:

0:00 - Opening

1:00 - Introduction

2:50 - Fine Tuned Constants Argument

13:55 - Comparing the Fine Tuning Argument for multiverse with the Fine Tuning Argument for God

14:25 - Similarity: Fine Tuning implies something more than one universe

15:33 - Difference 1: Fine tuning for life vs. complexity             

18:20 - Difference 2: Argument by elimination vs. direct indication

21:28 - An unjustified premise

28:28 - Outro

Get essay versions of all episodes in Season 1: Intelligent Cause and Season 2: Analyzing & Rejecting Multiverse

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