In this episode of EENT101, host Dr. Christina G. Gonzales, DMSc, MPAS, PA-C, covers Tinnitus, the perception of sound—such as ringing, buzzing, or hissing—in the absence of an external source. You’ll learn to distinguish between subjective and objective tinnitus, identify common causes ranging from noise-induced hearing loss to vascular abnormalities, and review diagnostic evaluation and management strategies, including when to refer for audiology or ENT assessment.
#Tinnitus #RingingInTheEars #HearingLoss #Audiology #ENTBasics #PANCEprep #PAstudent #ProPAPodcast #EENT101

In this episode of EENT101, host Dr. Christina G. Gonzales, DMSc, MPAS, PA-C, reviews Mastoiditis, a serious complication of untreated or inadequately treated acute otitis media. You’ll learn to recognize hallmark signs such as postauricular tenderness, swelling, erythema, and protrusion of the auricle, understand the role of imaging in diagnosis, and explore urgent management strategies—including IV antibiotics and possible mastoidectomy—to prevent intracranial spread.
#Mastoiditis #EarInfectionComplication #ENTemergency #PostauricularSwelling #PANCEprep #PAstudent #ProPAPodcast #EENT101

In this episode of EENT101, host Dr. Christina G. Gonzales, DMSc, MPAS, PA-C, discusses Ménière Disease, an inner ear disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of vertigo, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. You’ll learn about the suspected role of endolymphatic hydrops, common triggers, and how to manage acute attacks and reduce recurrence through dietary modifications, medications, and vestibular rehabilitation.
#MenieresDisease #Vertigo #Tinnitus #HearingLoss #InnerEarDisorders #PANCEprep #PAstudent #ProPAPodcast #EENT101

In this episode of EENT101, host Dr. Christina G. Gonzales, DMSc, MPAS, PA-C, reviews Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV), the most common cause of peripheral vertigo, triggered by changes in head position. You’ll learn how displaced otoconia in the semicircular canals cause brief, recurrent vertigo episodes, how to diagnose BPPV with the Dix-Hallpike maneuver, and how to treat it effectively with canalith repositioning techniques such as the Epley maneuver.
#BPPV #Vertigo #EpleyManeuver #DixHallpike #InnerEarDisorders #PANCEprep #PAstudent #ProPAPodcast #EENT101

In this episode of EENT101, host Dr. Christina G. Gonzales, DMSc, MPAS, PA-C, explores Vertigo, the sensation of motion—often spinning—when none is actually occurring. You’ll learn how to differentiate peripheral from central causes, identify key bedside exam findings, and recognize red flags that require urgent neuroimaging. We’ll also review common etiologies such as BPPV, Ménière disease, vestibular neuritis, and cerebellar stroke, along with initial management strategies.
#Vertigo #Dizziness #BPPV #MeniereDisease #NeuroOphthalmology #PANCEprep #PAstudent #ProPAPodcast #EENT101

In this episode of EENT101, host Dr. Christina G. Gonzales, DMSc, MPAS, PA-C, reviews Labyrinthitis, an acute inflammation of the inner ear that affects both the vestibular and cochlear systems. You’ll learn to recognize hallmark symptoms such as sudden-onset vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus, understand the difference from vestibular neuritis, and explore management strategies including symptom control, vestibular rehabilitation, and when to consider antibiotics for suspected bacterial causes.
#Labyrinthitis #Vertigo #HearingLoss #Tinnitus #InnerEarDisorders #PANCEprep #PAstudent #ProPAPodcast #EENT101

In this episode of EENT101, host Dr. Christina G. Gonzales, DMSc, MPAS, PA-C, covers Eustachian Tube Dysfunction, a condition where the tube connecting the middle ear to the nasopharynx fails to open or close properly. You’ll learn how this leads to symptoms like ear fullness, muffled hearing, and discomfort with pressure changes, common triggers such as allergies or upper respiratory infections, and treatment options ranging from decongestants to surgical intervention.
#EustachianTubeDysfunction #EarFullness #HearingLoss #MiddleEarPressure #PANCEprep #PAstudent #ProPAPodcast #EENT101

In this episode of EENT101, host Dr. Christina G. Gonzales, DMSc, MPAS, PA-C, reviews Acoustic Neuroma (vestibular schwannoma), a benign tumor of the vestibulocochlear nerve that can cause progressive unilateral hearing loss, tinnitus, and imbalance. You’ll learn about its association with neurofibromatosis type 2, the role of MRI in diagnosis, and management options ranging from observation to microsurgery or stereotactic radiosurgery.
#AcousticNeuroma #VestibularSchwannoma #HearingLoss #Tinnitus #NeurofibromatosisType2 #PANCEprep #PAstudent #ProPAPodcast #EENT101

In this episode of EENT101, host Dr. Christina G. Gonzales, DMSc, MPAS, PA-C, breaks down Tympanic Membrane (TM) Perforation, a disruption of the eardrum often caused by infection, trauma, or barotrauma. You’ll learn how to identify key features like sudden hearing loss, otorrhea, and pain relief after rupture, as well as how to manage it—including precautions, follow-up, and when surgical repair may be necessary.
#TMPerforation #EarTrauma #HearingLoss #ENTBasics #PANCEprep #PAstudent #ProPAPodcast #EENT101

In this episode of EENT101, host Dr. Christina G. Gonzales, DMSc, MPAS, PA-C, reviews Otosclerosis, a progressive conductive hearing loss caused by abnormal bone remodeling of the otic capsule—most commonly affecting the stapes. You’ll learn about classic features such as bilateral hearing loss in young adults, a normal tympanic membrane, and a positive family history, as well as treatment options including hearing aids or surgical stapedectomy.
#Otosclerosis #ConductiveHearingLoss #StapesFixation #HearingLoss #PANCEprep #PAstudent #ProPAPodcast #EENT101