The spinal cord, which is part of the central nervous system (along with the brain) engages in both spinal reflexes and supraspinal activity.

A glimpse at the peripheral subdivision of the the nervous system, including the somatic and autonomic components.

Neuropeptides, which are neurotransmitters composed of chains of amino acids, affect behavior in many ways. Here, we examine neuropeptides such as endorphin, Substance P, and enkephalin.

The mechanisms by which different classes of anti-depressant drugs exert their effects on the brain.

Examples of various exogenous substances, primarily antagonists, in the brain, such as caffeine, alcohol, marijuana, and others.

GABA, as an example of a neurotransmitter that plays primarily an inhibitory role by hyperpolarizing the post-synaptic membrane.

Communication between neurons, exemplified by the neurotransmitter, norepinephrine.

The mechanisms involved in the transmission of the action potential along the axon of a single neuron.

Parts of neurons, including the role of myelin.

The many roles, both old and new, of glial cells in the brain.