Descriptive statistics, and an examination of how to mislead people by "lying" with statistics.

Ethical issues in experimental research, as exemplified by a study on micturition conducted in 1976.

Experimental and control groups in experimentation, as well as specialized control groups.

Experimentation for the purpose of drawing causal relations between independent and dependent variables, and proper experimental design considerations.

The meaning of correlational studies, including the correlation coefficient, limitations of correlational research, and reasons for doing it.

A continuum extending from field observations to lab research based on the amount of control researchers have over 5 points along the continuum.

Examples illustrating how context can greatly change behavior.

Five roles of naturalistic observation in behavioral studies.

Charles Darwin’s contributions to psychological science in terms of evolutionary theory and continuity between human and nonhuman organisms in emotional expressions.

Some key historical figures in early history that contributed to the development of psychological science, including Hippocrates, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Albertus Magnus, St. Thomas Aquinas, Rene Descartes, John Locke, Franz Gall, Francis Galton, and Herbert Spencer.