Mishnayot! 1 - Someone who has incurred two different kinds of death penalties (but can only be killed once) - he is killed with the worse of them. Someone who has incurred two death penalties with one action, likewise to the more severe punishment. Which is tricky because there are such disputes over the hierarchy of the severity of the ways of execution. Also, 2 - someone who has been punished with lashes twice is then given the judgement of "machnisin oto la-kipah," even though he can't be executed at this time. (How many times does he have to have been judged for lashes?) 3 - Someone who kills another, but with no witnesses - another case of being consigned to that little hut, where basically the person starves. But why does this judgement usually include barley? Possibly it's the same across the board, and with each part of the meal in the different mishnayot. 4. Violations that are beyond the scope of the judgement of the courts - open the way for zealots, which is its own discussion (stay tuned!).