Background on Exodus
The promiseFirst given to AbrahamThe covenantGiven to Abraham = Genesis 17Permanent for his descendantsBirthright passed to successors of subsequent generations: Isaac, Jacob (Israel)The generationsHumble arrival in EgyptAs a slave – sold by brothersJoseph’s ordealRefuses Potiphar’s wifeJail timeJoseph’s triumphDreamsPromotionPurposeFamily joinsOut of hungerJoseph “master” of foodRevealed to his brothers and fatherNation’s treatmentIsrael given Goshen, treated wellDating of ExodusSeveral dates speculatedExodus even denied by someMost accepted date – 1446 BCSupport for the 1446 BC datePrimary source is I Kings 6:1Solomon’s reign began about 970 BC480 BC + 970 BC – 4 = 1446 BCAlso, Acts 13:17-20Pharaohs of Exodus
Consider the following:Psalms 83:3-4Proverbs 10:7God does not name PharaohEgypt would not name IsraelContrast of PharaohsGenesis 47:5-6Genesis 47:11Exodus 1:6-11First Pharaoh (time of Moses’ birth)Thutmose I or Amenhotep IBoth capable of issuing infanticide decreePharaoh of the plaguesAmenhotep II7th Pharaoh of the 18th DynastyHis successor (Thutmose IV) not the “true heir” (not firstborn son)Firstborn would have died in tenth plagueAnswer could be “D – None of the above”Consider Psalms 9:5-8Also Psalms 109:15It was normal for names and events to be blotted outNot flattering to PharaohNot convenient to his self-perceived gloryWho wrote Exodus?
Exodus 17:14Numbers 33:2Exodus 24:4 (Exodus 20:21 – 23:33)Exodus 34:27 (Exodus 33:11 – 34:26)Familiarity with the ways and facts of Egypt – Acts 7:22Mark 12:26-27 (Exodus 3:6)Sounds like Moses is the author of ExodusWas the Exodus real?
Our faith says yesMany say noNo direct archaeological evidenceNo direct writingsIndirect evidence is thereCircumstancesInflux of Hyksos (Semites) some 400 years previousBuildings requiring intense laborInnumerable slaves working to build a treasure cityBricks with too little strawRecords – not all the bad news was destroyedHapi (god of Nile) making waters undrinkableKermit (god of fertility) released frogsOsiris (corn) would not hold back locustsRa (sun) refused to shinePharaoh had no eldest son to succeedWhy?
Purpose of Exodus eventWhat was the point?Goshen was niceGod defeated PharaohWhy not just stayWhat was the promise?Did it include a “where”?Could He have given them Egypt?Remember the promise – Genesis 12:1-9Repeated Acts 7:2-5Impact of Exodus
God made Israel into a nationLawsLeadershipLed them to a countryNations would fear the God of IsraelExodus 15:14 – “The peoples have heard, they tremble”Remember Rahab? Joshua 2:8-11Constant reminder of God’s lovingkindness toward IsraelMuch of Chapter 13 reminds Israel during the PassoverFeast of Unleavened Bread – Exodus 23:15Joshua 24:6; Judges 2:1; I Samuel 12:8; I Chronicles 17:21