NOVEMBER-PAGES OF HISTORY#CREATER#SARAVANANARUNACHALAM

International observances

• November 1: World Vegan Day
• November 5: World Tsunami Awareness Day
• November 10: World Science Day for Peace and Development
• November 13: World Kindness Day
• November 14: World Diabetes Day
• November 16: International Day for Tolerance
• November 19: International Men's Day
• November 20: Universal Children's Day
• November 21: World Television Day
• November 25: International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women 

• November 1: Karnataka Formation Day (Rajyotsava Day)
• November 7: National Cancer Awareness Day
• November 11: National Education Day
• November 14: Children's Day (in India)
• November 15: Jharkhand Foundation Day
• November 16: {Link: National Press Day

National observances (India)

ROAD SAFETY GUIDLINESS FOR ALL

🌧️🚦 மழைக்கால சாலை பாதுகாப்பு வழிகாட்டுதல்கள் 🚦🌧️"வேகம் அல்ல – பாதுகாப்பே முக்கியம்!"🚶‍♂️ நடைபயணிகளுக்காக

✅ குடை அல்லது ரெயின் கோட் பயன்படுத்துங்கள்
✅ சாலையின் வலது ஓரமாக அல்லது நடைபாதையில் மட்டும் நடக்கவும்
✅ தண்ணீர் தேங்கிய இடங்களை தவிர்க்கவும் – குழிகள் இருக்கலாம்!
✅ ஜீப்ரா கடைவழி (Zebra Crossing) வழியே சாலையை கடக்கவும்
✅ இரவில் ஒளி பிரதிபலிக்கும் உடைகள் அணியுங்கள்

✅ ஹெல்மெட் & மழைக்கோட் கட்டாயம் அணியுங்கள்
✅ வேகத்தை குறைத்து மெதுவாக ஓட்டுங்கள்
✅ எண்ணெய், மண் கலந்த இடங்களில் மிகவும் கவனமாக இருங்கள்
✅ டயர், பிரேக், விளக்குகள் சரிபார்க்கவும்
✅ மொபைல் / ஹெட்போன் பயன்படுத்த வேண்டாம்

✅ வைபர், ஹெட்லைட், பிரேக் சரியாக வேலை செய்கிறதா என பார்க்கவும்
✅ பார்வை குறைந்தால் ஹெட்லைட் இயக்கி வைத்திருங்கள்
✅ பாதுகாப்பு தூரம் விட்டு ஓட்டுங்கள்
✅ திடீர் பிரேக் அடிக்க வேண்டாம் – சறுக்கலாம்
✅ தண்ணீர் தேங்கிய இடங்களில் மெதுவாக செல்க

✅ மழையில் சாலையோரத்தில் விளையாட வேண்டாம்
✅ சாலை கடக்கும் போது பெரியவருடன் செல்லுங்கள்
✅ ஓடவோ துள்ளவோ கூடாது – சாலை வழுக்கும்
✅ ஒளி பிரதிபலிக்கும் பைகள் மற்றும் மழைக்கோட் பயன்படுத்துங்கள்

🌧️ மழைக்காலத்தில் சாலைகள் வழுக்கும், பார்வை தெளிவாக இருக்காது.
⚠️ “உங்கள் பாதுகாப்பு – உங்கள் பொறுப்பு!”

🎯 மழையில் பாதுகாப்பாக பயணிப்போம் – உயிர் காப்போம்!

🛵 இருசக்கர வாகன ஓட்டிகளுக்காக🚗 நான்கு சக்கர வாகன ஓட்டிகளுக்காக👧👦 குழந்தைகளுக்காக💡 நினைவில் கொள்ளுங்கள்:

Cotton is one of the most common fabrics in our wardrobes. It is comfortable, hypoallergenic, breathable and durable.

But cotton represents so much more than just a commodity. This natural fabric is a life-changing product worldwide that sustains 24 million growers (almost half of them women) and benefits over 100 million families across 80 countries in 5 continents.

This means that, behind any cotton clothing, following back its trade chain, there is a personal story.

It is true that cotton is really important to developed economies, but for least-developed and developing countries, it is a safety-net.

Cotton is a major source of livelihoods and incomes for many rural smallholders and laborers, including women, providing employment and income to some of the poorest rural areas in the world.

On this UN World Cotton Day, the United Nations wants to raise visibility of the cotton sector and awareness of the critical role that it plays in economic development, international trade and poverty alleviation. The observance also aims to highlight the importance of sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all.

UN World Cotton Day will be celebrated at the FAO headquarters in Rome, Italy. This event will address the sector's challenges and opportunities, with discussions on how to improve productivity, explore strategies to add value throughout the chain, and highlight the role of trade in the sector's sustainability.

UN celebration – The fabric of our lives
7 October 2025, 09:30 A.M., Rome Time (GMT+2) World Cotton Day, an idea that started thanks to the “Cotton Four”

The initiative of World Cotton Day was born in 2019, when four cotton producers in sub-Saharan Africa– Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad and Mali, known as the Cotton Four -proposed the World Trade Organization a World Cotton Day celebration on October 7.

During 2 consecutive years, the date offered an opportunity to share knowledge and showcase cotton-related activities.

Now that the United Nations has officially recognized this World Cotton Day, this great opportunity creates awareness of the need of market access for cotton and cotton-related products from least developed countries, fosters sustainable trade policies and enables developing countries to benefit more from every step of the cotton value chain.

A rules-based, non-discriminatory, open, fair, inclusive, predictable and transparent international cotton trading system is key to provide a livelihood to hundreds of millions of vulnerable people around the globe.

Besides, greater investments are needed to expand the sector beyond raw cotton production and create new income opportunities, especially for farmers, by adding more value to cotton fibre and developing by-products from other parts of the cotton plant.

UN agencies have worked years towards this mission. For instance, the International Trade Centre (ITC) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) have helped C-4 to optimize production and improve local processing capacity, as well as to discuss the trade reforms needed to address high trade barriers and inequalities for cotton producers in developing countries. These efforts date back to 2003 through the Cotton Initiative.

Another UN agency, FAO, has long offered developing countries technical and policy support for boosting productivity and creating more opportunities in the cotton value chain. As an example, the +Cotton project, a cooperation initiative with Brazil (another leader in the industry) that helps Latin American producers to introduce innovative farming methods.

Let's keep working on offering the assistance to the cotton sector in developing countries to keep increasing productivity, investment and bring innovation and sustainable standards to increase the benefits of the cotton sector worldwide.

World Habitat Day is marked on the first Monday of October each year and is recognized by the United Nations to reflect on the state of towns and cities, and on the basic right of all to adequate shelter.

On 6 October 2025, the Global Observance of World Habitat Day will be linked to urban crisis response. The theme focuses on addressing multiple crises affecting urban areas - including climate and conflicts - that are contributing to inequality, and promotes existing tools and approaches to effective crisis response.

The day will highlight sustainable, scalable, and transformative solutions to urban displacement that help stabilize populations, while promoting prosperity and fostering social cohesion for all. It will put the spotlight on the importance of urban and territorial planning, inclusive urban governance, and the role of local governments in sustainable solutions for displacement.

October is the tenth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Its length is 31 days. The eighth month in the old calendar of Romulus c. 750 BC, October retained its name (from Latin and Greek ôctō meaning "eight") after January and February were inserted into the calendar that had originally been created by the Romans. In Ancient Rome, one of three Mundus patet would take place on October 5, Meditrinalia October 11, Augustalia on October 12, October Horse on October 15, and Armilustrium on October 19. These dates do not correspond to the modern Gregorian calendar. Among the Anglo-Saxons, it was known as Winterfylleth (Ƿinterfylleþ), because at this full moon, winter was supposed to begin.[2]

October is commonly associated with the season of autumn in parts of the Northern Hemisphere, and spring in parts of the Southern Hemisphere, where it is the seasonal equivalent to April in the Northern Hemisphere and vice versa.

Inactivation of p53 functions is an almost universal feature of human cancer cells. This has spurred a tremendous effort to develop p53 based cancer therapies. Gene therapy using wild-type p53, delivered by adenovirus vectors, is now in widespread use in China. Other biologic approaches include the development of oncolytic viruses designed to replicate and kill only p53 defective cells and also the development of siRNA and antisense RNA's that activate p53 by inhibiting the function of the negative regulators Mdm2, MdmX, and HPV E6. The altered processing of p53 that occurs in tumor cells can elicit T-cell and B-cell responses to p53 that could be effective in eliminating cancer cells and p53 based vaccines are now in clinical trial. A number of small molecules that directly or indirectly activate the p53 response have also reached the clinic, of which the most advanced are the p53 mdm2 interaction inhibitors. Increased understanding of the p53 response is also allowing the development of powerful drug combinations that may increase the selectivity and safety of chemotherapy, by selective protection of normal cells and tissues.Thirty years of research on p53 have produced a detailed understanding of its structure and function. The almost universal loss of p53 activity in tumors has spurred an enormous effort to develop new cancer treatments based on this fact. Sophisticated animal models have shown that activation of the p53 response in even advanced tumors can be curative (Martins et al. 2006; Ventura et al. 2007; Xue et al. 2007). The p53 gene therapy, Gendicine, is approved in China and its US counterpart, Advexin, has shown activity in number of clinical trials. The p53 protein level is raised in many tumors by virtue of an increase in the protein's half life and this tumor specific alteration in p53 processing has attracted tumor immunologists, who are now testing a number of p53 based vaccines in cancer patientsIn more conventional approaches a range of small druglike molecules targeting the p53 system have been developed and several are now in clinical trials. Of critical importance has been the development of small-molecule inhibitors of the p53–Mdm2 protein interaction such as the Nutlins (Vassilev et al. 2004), which have shown activity against human xenografts in preclinical models. Advanced structural approaches have provided compelling support for the idea that some mutant p53 proteins can be targets for small molecules that would cause them to regain wild-type function (Joerger et al. 2006). Cell based screening methods have identified small molecules that can activate both mutant and wild-type p53 proteins in tumor cells to induce apoptosis. These screens, and RNAi based approaches, have revealed many new targets for therapy in the p53 pathway. In an exciting new approach, that has been validated in other tumor suppressor pathways, the search is on for targets in pathways that will show synthetic lethal interactions with loss of p53 function. Finally drug combinations have been developed that can selectively kill cancer cells that lack p53 function while protecting normal cells (Sur et al. 2009). The next few years hold out the prospect of new p53 based therapies that will be of wide application in cancer and other diseases.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi[c] (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948)[2] was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial activist, and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule. He inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The honorific Mahātmā (from Sanskrit, meaning great-souled, or venerable), first applied to him in South Africa in 1914, is used worldwide.[3]

Born and raised in a Hindu family in coastal Gujarat, Gandhi trained in the law at the Inner Temple in London and was called to the bar at the age of 22. After two uncertain years in India, where he was unable to start a successful law practice, Gandhi moved to South Africa in 1893 to represent an Indian merchant in a lawsuit. He went on to live in South Africa for 21 years. Here, Gandhi raised a family and first employed nonviolent resistance in a campaign for civil rights. In 1915, aged 45, he returned to India and soon set about organising peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against discrimination and excessive land tax.

Assuming leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding women's rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, and, above all, achieving swaraj or self-rule. Gandhi adopted the short dhoti woven with hand-spun yarn as a mark of identification with India's rural poor. He began to live in a self-sufficient residential community, to eat simple food, and undertake long fasts as a means of both introspection and political protest. Bringing anti-colonial nationalism to the common Indians, Gandhi led them in challenging the British-imposed salt tax with the 400 km (250 mi) Dandi Salt March in 1930 and in calling for the British to quit India in 1942. He was imprisoned many times and for many years in both South Africa and India.

Gandhi's vision of an independent India based on religious pluralism was challenged in the early 1940s by a Muslim nationalism which demanded a separate homeland for Muslims within British India. In August 1947, Britain granted independence, but the British Indian Empire was partitioned into two dominions, a Hindu-majority India and a Muslim-majority Pakistan. As many displaced Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs made their way to their new lands, religious violence broke out, especially in the Punjab and Bengal. Abstaining from the official celebration of independence, Gandhi visited the affected areas, attempting to alleviate distress. In the months following, he undertook several hunger strikes to stop the religious violence. The last of these was begun in Delhi on 12 January 1948, when Gandhi was 78. The belief that Gandhi had been too resolute in his defence of both Pakistan and Indian Muslims spread among some Hindus in India. Among these was Nathuram Godse, a militant Hindu nationalist from Pune, western India, who assassinated Gandhi by firing three bullets into his chest at an interfaith prayer meeting in Delhi on 30 January 1948.

Gandhi's birthday, 2 October, is commemorated in India as Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday, and worldwide as the International Day of Nonviolence. Gandhi is considered to be the Father of the Nation in post-colonial India. During India's nationalist movement and in several decades immediately after, he was also commonly called Bapu, an endearment roughly meaning "father".

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Defects of kids' makeup include allergic reactions, such as hives and blisters, due to ingredients like chromium and cobalt. Toxic chemicals like lead and cadmium are found in high concentrations in some products, causing developmental issues and increasing cancer risk. Cosmetics can also lead to early puberty in girls due to endocrine-disrupting chemicals and may cause psychological damage by promoting unhealthy beauty ideals.

“You’re beautiful just the way you are.”

A phrase we’ve all heard from our parents, and it’s always true of course! But right now, chances are your child is being exposed online, at their friends’ house or at school to endless products that promote beauty or other kinds of visual transformation.

And let’s face it, even a parent’s sincere compliment can’t always compete with the allure of the steady stream of marketers and influencers pushing gleaming lip-gloss, colorful characters and virtual perfection. (At least that 1980’s bright blue glitter eyeshadow trend is gone and more natural styles are in!)

While interest in makeup begins at a young age and tends to rise in middle school when kids engage in character-play and emulate older children and adults, parents may wonder what age is appropriate to allow their kids to wear makeup. Parents may also wonder how to keep kids safe and healthy once they do decide to allow it.

“The first rule of thumb is to have an open discussion about makeup as soon as your child expresses interest,” says pediatrician Eva Kubiczek-Love, MD. “As with any new activity as your kids grow, parents need to establish expectations, set limits and understand the psychological and health impact of these permissions on them.”

வியாழனின் சந்திரன் யூரோபாவின் உறைந்த பனிக்கட்டி மேற்பரப்புக்கு அடியில் ஒரு திரவ நீர் பெருங்கடல் இருப்பதாக விஞ்ஞானிகள் நம்புகின்றனர், மேலும் இந்த கருதுகோளுக்கு ஆதரவாக பல்வேறு ஆய்வுகள் மற்றும் காந்தப்புலத் தரவுகள் உள்ளன. இந்த உட்புற கடல் பூமியை விட பெரியதாக இருக்கலாம் என்று மதிப்பிடப்பட்டுள்ளது, இது யூரோபாவை பூமிக்கு அப்பால் வாழ்வதற்கு சாத்தியமான இடமாக கருதுகிறது. தடயங்கள் மற்றும் ஆதாரங்கள்:

• காந்தப்புலத் தரவுகள்:கலிலியோ ஆர்பிட்டரிலிருந்து பெறப்பட்ட தரவுகள், யூரோபாவின் பனிக்கட்டி ஓட்டின் அடியில் ஒரு கடத்தும் அடுக்கான உப்பு நீர் இருப்பதாகக் குறிப்பிடுகிறது. 
• பனிக்கட்டி மேலோட்டு அம்சங்கள்:யூரோபாவின் மேற்பரப்பில் உள்ள "கேயாஸ் டெரெய்ன்" போன்ற அம்சங்கள், பனிக்கட்டி மேலோட்டின் வழியாக மேற்பரப்பில் இருந்து உருகிய கடல் நீர் அல்லது உட்புற கடலின் நீர் வந்ததன் விளைவாக இருக்கலாம். 
• வியாழனின் ஈர்ப்பு விசை:வியாழனின் நெருக்கமான சுற்றுப்பாதையில், அதன் சக்திவாய்ந்த ஈர்ப்பு விசை யூரோபாவின் உட்புறத்தை வெப்பப்படுத்துகிறது. இது, அயன் போன்ற எரிமலை உலகின் நிலைக்கு மாறாக, பனிக்கட்டி மேலோட்டத்தின் கீழ் திரவ நீரை பராமரிக்க போதுமான வெப்பத்தை வழங்குகிறது. 
• உயிரின வாழ்வுக்கான சாத்தியம்:விஞ்ஞானிகள் யூரோபாவை பூமியைத் தாண்டி சூரிய குடும்பத்தில் வாழக்கூடிய மிகவும் சாத்தியமான இடங்களில் ஒன்றாக கருதுகின்றனர். அதன் உட்புற கடல் மற்றும் ஆற்றல் மூலம், யூரோபா, நுண்ணுயிரிகள் வாழ்வதற்கு ஏற்ற இடமாக இருக்கலாம் என்று நம்பப்படுகிறது. 

• நாசா யூரோபா கிளிப்பர் மிஷன்:இந்த மிஷன் யூரோபாவின் பனிக்கட்டிக்கு அடியில் ஒரு கடல் உள்ளதா, அதில் வாழ்வதற்கான சாத்தியங்கள் உள்ளதா என்பதை ஆராயும். 
• ஜேம்ஸ் வெப் விண்வெளி தொலைநோக்கி:இது யூரோபாவின் மேற்பரப்புக்கு அடியில் உள்ள நீர் கடல் மற்றும் அதன் இயல்பு குறித்து மேலும் தகவல்களை வெளிப்படுத்துகிறது. 

ஆய்வுகள்:மொத்தத்தில், யூரோபாவின் மேற்பரப்புக்கு கீழே ஒரு திரவ நீர் கடல் இருப்பதற்கான ஆதாரங்கள் வலுவாக உள்ளன, இது விஞ்ஞானிகளை இந்த சந்திரனில் உயிர்கள் இருப்பதற்கான சாத்தியக்கூறுகளை ஆராய ஊக்குவிக்கிறது

Water Bottle usage#AVOID PLASTICS#POLLUTION#CAUTION#WATER BOTTLE#DAILY USE#CLEAN#RECYCLE#EDUCATIONAL#CREATER-SARAVANANARUNACHALAMA water bottle is a container that is used to hold liquids, mainly water, for the purpose of transporting a drink while travelling or while otherwise away from a supply of potable water. Water bottles are usually made of plastic, glass, or metal.

10 Reasons to Take A Reusable Water Bottle Everywhere

In this blog, we will explore ten compelling reasons why taking a reusable water bottle everywhere should be a part of your lifestyle.

Reduce Plastic Waste: By using a reusable water bottle, you can significantly reduce the amount of plastic waste generated from single-use plastic bottles. Every year, millions of plastic bottles end up in landfills and oceans, contributing to pollution and harming marine life. By carrying your own water bottle, you can make a positive impact and help combat the plastic waste crisis.

Save Money: Investing in a reusable water bottle is a smart financial decision. Instead of continuously buying bottled water, you can refill your reusable bottle with tap water, which is significantly cheaper. Over time, this simple switch can lead to substantial savings.

Stay Hydrated Anytime, Anywhere: Having a reusable water bottle with you ensures that you can stay hydrated throughout the day. Whether you’re at work, traveling, or engaged in outdoor activities, having access to clean, fresh water can improve your overall well-being and help you maintain optimal hydration levels.

Environmental Conservation: By choosing a reusable water bottle made from sustainable materials like stainless steel or glass, you are actively participating in environmental conservation. These materials have a lower environmental impact compared to plastic and can be recycled or repurposed, reducing resource consumption and pollution.

Healthier Alternative: Plastic bottles can contain harmful chemicals like BPA (bisphenol A), which can leach into the water and have adverse effects on human health. By using a reusable water bottle made from safe materials, like stainless steel water bottles you can ensure that you’re consuming water free from potential contaminants.

Customization and Style: Reusable water bottles come in a wide range of designs, colors, and sizes, allowing you to choose one that reflects your personality and style. You can even personalize them with stickers or engravings, making it a unique accessory that you can proudly carry with you.

Encourage Sustainable Practices: Carrying a reusable water bottle sends a powerful message to others about the importance of sustainable practices. It can inspire your friends, family, and colleagues to adopt similar habits, leading to a collective effort in reducing plastic waste and promoting eco-friendly choices.

Convenient and Easy to Use: Reusable water bottles are designed to be practical and user-friendly. They often feature leak-proof lids, easy-to-carry handles, and wide-mouth openings for effortless filling and cleaning. Their durability ensures they can withstand daily use and even survive accidental drops.

Versatile and Multipurpose: Reusable water bottles can serve various purposes beyond holding water. They can accommodate hot beverages like tea or coffee, allowing you to carry your favorite drink wherever you go.

Be Part of the Solution: By taking a reusable water bottle everywhere, you become an advocate for sustainable living. Your actions inspire others and contribute to the collective effort of building a greener future. It’s a small change that can make a big difference in reducing waste and conserving resources.