After decades working in technology across both the US and China, Alvin W. Graylin sees three possible paths for the future of AI: one where tech giants create a class of trillionaires, one where competition escalates into war or one where humanity builds and shares this technology for the common good. In conversation with TED Radio Hour host Manoush Zomorodi, Graylin cuts through the hype to clarify how we choose the right path.
阿尔文·W·格雷林（汪丛青，Alvin W. Graylin）在美国和中国科技领域深耕数十年。他认为人工智能的未来有三种可能的走向：一是科技巨头创造出一批亿万富翁；二是竞争升级演变成战争；三是人类共同开发并分享这项技术，造福全人类。在与TED广播节目主持人马努什·佐莫罗迪（Manoush Zomorodi）的对话中，格雷林拨开迷雾，阐明了我们应该如何选择正确的道路。

Human potential will only accelerate with AI answering questions better and faster than ever before, says Aravind Srinivas, cofounder and CEO of conversational search engine Perplexity. He examines the trends driving new AI-powered tools that nourish curiosity and creativity — and how they might usher in a new era of intellectual growth and discovery. "Knowledge does not really care about who you are, where you're from or who you have access to. Rather, what matters is the next question you're going to ask," says Srinivas.

人类的潜力只会随着 AI 越来越擅长、越来越快速地回答问题增长，对话式搜索引擎 Perplexity 的联合创始人兼 CEO 阿拉温德·斯里尼瓦斯（Aravind Srinivas）如此说道。他细细研究了是什么趋势推动着那些滋养好奇心和创造力的 AI 新工具，它们又怎样引领一个智力增长和发现的新时代。“知识并不在乎你是谁、你来自哪里、你能接触到什么人。相反，关键在于你接下来要问的问题，”斯里尼瓦斯说道。

Entrepreneur and TED Fellow Jane Marie Chen started a company that created a low-cost, portable incubator for premature babies in underserved communities, with the goal of saving more than one million babies around the world. After a decade of relentless challenges, the company shut down — pushing her into complete burnout and a profound personal reckoning. In this powerful talk, she shares what happened next and how it taught her the secret to resilience.
企业家及 TED 会员陈姿谕创立了一家公司，专为医疗资源匮乏的地区研发低成本的行动保温箱，目标是救活全球超过一百万名的早产儿。在经历了十年不间断的挑战后，公司倒闭了——这让她陷入彻底的精疲力竭，也让她开始了一场深刻的自我省思。在这场十分有力的演说中，她会分享这之后发生的事，以及这段经历如何让她学到“韧性”的秘密。

陈姿谕是拥抱全球（Embrace Global） 的联合创始人及前首席执行官。该机构凭借其开创性的便携式婴儿暖箱，已惠及逾百万名新生儿。她的畅销回忆录《如浪破碎》（Like a Wave We Break），记述了拥抱全球从创立崛起，到几近崩塌的历程；这段绝境也迫使她直面过往，最终重新定义了自我认知与成功的内涵。如今，陈姿谕转型为领导力发展教练，助力个人与团队培育更深层的自我觉察与同理心 —— 这正是真正韧性的基石。

It sounds like science fiction, but journalist Stephen Petranek considers it fact: within 20 years, humans will live on Mars. In this provocative talk, Petranek makes the case that humans will become a spacefaring species and describes in fascinating detail how we'll make Mars our next home. "Humans will survive no matter what happens on Earth," Petranek says. "We will never be the last of our kind."
听起来像是科幻小说，但是记者斯蒂芬·彼得雷内克（Stephen Petranek）认为：20年之内人类将在火星居住。在这场令人兴奋的演讲中， 彼得雷内克认为人类将成为航天物种并且详细地说明了如何让火星成为第二个家园。“这意味着无论地球发生什么，我们都不会灭绝，” 斯蒂芬·彼得雷内克说，“我们这一代绝不会灭亡。”

Picture this: a rocket ship crash-lands on a planet, and an alien approaches the spacecraft. What do you see in your mind when you visualize this scene? For Alex Rosenthal (and many others), the answer is: absolutely nothing. Exploring the fascinating science of aphantasia, or the inability to generate mental images, he shows why our minds are much more different than we think.
想象一下：一艘火箭飞船紧急迫降在一颗星球上，一个外星人正朝着飞船走来。当你在脑海中想象这个场景时，你看到了什么？对于亚历克斯・罗森塔尔（以及其他许多人）来说，答案是：一片空白。他通过探索 “心盲症”（即无法在脑海中生成图像）这一迷人的科学现象，向我们揭示了：我们的大脑之间，原来有着如此巨大的差异。
TED内部的谜题大师亚历克斯·罗森塔尔实际上是TED-Ed Animations的编辑总监，他为超过一千部动画教育视频制作剧本，这些视频累计观看次数达到数十亿次。他还领导着TED Games，这是一个新举措，将TED演讲的乐趣延伸到智能游戏中。他的第一款桌游《潘多拉的遗产》是一款备受好评的拼图与密室逃脱混合体，在Kickstarter上筹集了超过一百万美元。

There’s a common idea that it takes 10,000 hours of practice to become great at something. From an early age, we are encouraged to choose our path, focus specifically, and start racking up those hours. But, what if these head starts aren’t helping us the way we think they do? What if there’s a better way to excel? David Epstein shares how a different approach could set us up for greater success. [Directed by Avi Ofer, music by Stephen LaRosa]
坊间一直有这样一种说法：要在某一领域做到顶尖，需要投入一万小时的练习。我们从小就被教导要选定人生方向，专注深耕，开始为积累这一万小时埋头努力。可如果，这些早早的起步，并非如我们所想那般能带来助力呢？如果，还有一种更优的方式能让我们脱颖而出呢？戴维・爱泼斯坦为我们分享另一种成长路径，如何能为我们铺就更广阔的成功之路。

In one of Aesop’s fables, a crow is searching for water. It spies a pitcher— but the water inside is beyond its reach. So, the crow begins dropping in pebbles. One-by-one, they displace the water, and the crow quenches its thirst. This is just one of many fascinating displays of intelligence from corvids. Katharina Brecht digs into what makes this bold, brainy family of songbirds so smart. [Directed by Irida Zhonga, narrated by Pen-Pen Chen, music by Phil Brookes].
在伊索寓言中，有一只乌鸦正在寻找水源。它瞥见一只水罐——但罐中的水却遥不可及。于是乌鸦开始往罐里投掷小石子。一颗颗石子逐渐压低水位，乌鸦终于解了渴。这只是鸦科鸟类众多智慧表现中的一个精彩案例。卡塔琳娜·布雷希特（Katharina Brecht）深入探究了这个勇敢聪慧的鸣禽家族为何如此聪明。

Scott Dinsmore quit a job that made him miserable, and spent the next four years wondering how to find work that was joyful and meaningful. He shares what he learned in this deceptively simple talk about finding out what matters to you — and then getting started doing it.

在离开了一份让人感觉度日如年的工作后，斯科特·丁斯莫尔（Scott Dinsmore）用了四年时间思考怎样才能让人找到一份既快乐而又有意义的工作。在这篇深入浅出的演讲中，他讲述了自己是如何寻找，又是如何开始一项重要事业的经过，并且和我们分享了他在这个过程中总结的宝贵经验。

In 1968, the American Heart Association made an announcement that would influence people’s diets for decades: they recommended that people avoid eating more than three eggs a week. Their reasoning was that the cholesterol packed into egg yolks could increase cardiovascular disease risk. So, what exactly is cholesterol? And is it actually bad for you? Hei Man Chan digs into this complex molecule. [Directed by Igor Ćorić, Artrake Studio, narrated by Addison Anderson, music by Cem Misirlioglu].

1968 年，美国心脏协会（American Heart Association）发布了一项将影响人们饮食数十年的公告：他们建议大家一周尽量不要吃超过三个鸡蛋。他们的依据是，蛋黄中富含的胆固醇会增加心血管疾病的风险。那么，胆固醇究竟是什么？它真的对你有害吗？陈晞文（Hei Man Chan）探究了这一复杂的分子。

When reading "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland," most readers visualize the queen’s croquet game play out in their heads. A few might see the scene in vivid detail. However, a small fraction of readers have a drastically different experience: within their heads, they "see" absolutely nothing. Why do some people have an inability to visualize images? Adam Zeman explores the science of aphantasia. [Directed by Biljana Labović, narrated by Alexandra Panzer, music by Cem Misirlioglu, WORKPLAYWORK].
当阅读《爱丽丝梦游仙境》时，大多数读者都会在脑海中想象女王的槌球游戏。少数人可能会看到现场的生动细节。然而，一小部分读者却有截然不同的体验：在他们的头脑中，他们“看不到”任何东西。为什么有些人无法想象图像？亚当·泽曼探索幻觉的科学。