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David McIntosh, Chief Connected Stores Officer at Instacart, joins Liam to explain why the company is betting on smart shopping carts instead of rewiring stores with ceiling cameras. David walks through the $350 million acquisition of Caper, how Instacart is now live in more than 100 cities with thousands of connected carts, and why the screen on the cart, not the checkout speed, turned out to be the real driver of sales lift for retailers.
David also gets into the surprisingly hard engineering problems behind a smart cart, like figuring out whether a basket is actually empty, fusing camera and scale data in real time, and building recommendations that know exactly where a shopper is standing in the store. He and Liam talk about who owns all that shopping data, what agentic AI looks like when it moves from chat into the aisle with tools like Cart Assistant, and why grocery budgets and meal planning are becoming one of the most requested AI features in the store.
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In this episode, Zachary Smith, CEO and co-founder of Datum and previously the founder of Packet (acquired by Equinix for $335M) and Voxel (acquired for $35M), joins Liam to explain why the internet is about to undergo its biggest transformation since the cloud. As AI agents, vibe coding, and thousands of new applications flood the web, Zac believes the open internet model we've relied on for decades is breaking down.
Zac argues that every person, every company, and eventually every AI agent will need its own private network. He explains why the future internet may look more like the Visa network than today's public web, how digital sovereignty and geopolitics are reshaping infrastructure, and why developers are increasingly relying on dozens of cloud services rather than just the hyperscalers.
The conversation also dives into Zac's unlikely journey from Juilliard-trained musician to building and exiting two infrastructure companies, the emotional toll of entrepreneurship, and why he keeps coming back to startups despite already having financial freedom.
Key Topics Covered
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Vinay Gidwaney is Chief Product Officer and Mike Sullivan is Co-Founder and Chief Growth Officer of OneDigital, a 6,000-person, PE-backed benefits, HR, and wealth consultancy serving roughly 100,000 employers. Their contrarian bet: AI transformation has almost nothing to do with technology and everything to do with treating AI as talent. Instead of automating tasks, OneDigital built an internal hiring pipeline for AI, complete with job descriptions, an intern-to-apprentice-to-full-time promotion path, and performance improvement plans, and used it to avoid the layoffs most "AI transformation" playbooks assume are inevitable.
Liam sits down with both of them to unpack the night Mike built a "disruption calculator" that showed OneDigital was on track to cut 1,800 of its 6,000 jobs, and how that all-nighter became the catalyst for a different strategy. They get into Ben, the AI coworker now handling daily conversations with 1,600 benefit consultants, why Vinay cites a claim from Lemonade's CEO that AI agents scored higher on customer empathy than human call center staff, the risk of companies "renting back" their own intelligence after gutting their workforce, and the thinking behind their upcoming book, Workforce Intelligence, releasing August 25th.
Key Topics Covered
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Learn more about OneDigital and the book Workforce Intelligence: https://www.onedigital.com/
Connect with Mike on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/mikesullivanatdigital/
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Rana Gujral is the former CEO of Behavioral Signals and the author of the upcoming book The AI Instinct. During his time leading Behavioral Signals, Rana has led a company built on a contrarian bet: that the words in a conversation are the least interesting part of it, and that the real signal, intent, trust, stress, deception, lives in how something is said rather than what is said. His team has mapped roughly 75 to 100 behavioral dimensions in the human voice, work that now powers everything from deepfake detection for government agencies to a matching system that pairs call center customers with the agents they are most likely to have a natural, flowing conversation with.
Liam and Rana dig into the unconscious vocal tells we all give off, why pitch compression, not raised volume, is the real signature of suppressed stress, and how studying voice for eight years changed the way Rana himself talks and listens. They also get into the ethics of emotion AI, including why the EU has banned it from workplaces, and the central idea behind Rana's book: that large language models are missing an entire axis called experience. Rana introduces his concept of Artificial General Experience, or AGE, and makes the case that the real fork in the road for AI isn't intelligence versus replacement, it's whether these systems make us more ourselves or less.
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Rana's website: https://ranagujral.com/
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In this episode, Tudor Achim, Co-Founder and CEO of Harmonic, the AI lab behind Aristotle, a mathematical reasoning system that won gold at the International Math Olympiad, makes the case that AI hallucinations aren't the problem with today's models. The real problem is that nobody can verify whether a hallucination is right or wrong. Tudor explains why his team bakes formal, computer-checkable verification (using a language called Lean) directly into how Aristotle reasons, so instead of trusting an AI's word, you can mathematically prove it's correct.
Liam and Tudor go deep on what "truth" actually means in mathematics versus the real world, why Andrew Wiles's famous proof of Fermat's Last Theorem had a two-year hidden flaw, and why Tudor believes math is in the middle of its first fundamental shift in 4,000 years, moving from proofs written in English to proofs written in verifiable code. They also get into a spirited debate about the U.S. education system, what Harmonic actually looks for when hiring (hint: it's not the résumé), and why Tudor thinks AI will never be trusted to grade its own homework.
Key Topics Covered
Episode Timestamps
00:33 What is truth, and is logic just math?
07:59 Why the company is called harmonic.fun
08:48 The real problem with LLMs and truth
12:57 How formal verification works inside Aristotle
16:43 Who else is building in this space
19:48 Can AI ever be verified with 100% accuracy?
23:10 Why AI can't fully verify its own answers
26:46 Open-source math vs a venture-backed business
29:39 The five-year goal: a Millennium Prize Problem by 2028
31:51 Has Harmonic's vision changed?
34:28 AI, formal verification and the future of education
44:34 Debating the US education system
45:09 How Harmonic hires and what they look for
50:21 Testing for trust and honesty in interviews
54:14 Harmonic's biggest challenge right now
58:19 The future of working with AI
59:55 Family, kids and optimism about the future
1:01:38 Inequality, capitalism and AI's role in the economy
1:04:19 Why Tudor does what he does
1:05:19 Where to find Tudor
Connect with Tudor on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tudorachim/
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Every answer an AI gives you sounds equally confident, whether it's true or completely made up. That's not a bug. It's how the technology was built.
Dan Klein is CTO and co-founder of Scaled Cognition, and a professor of computer science at UC Berkeley. In this conversation with Liam, Dan breaks down what a language model actually is, why it was never designed to know the truth in the first place, and why today's AI systems have no "smells," the subtle warning signs humans usually rely on to tell good information from bad.
They get into why reinforcement learning from human feedback quietly trains models to tell people what they want to hear, how that can tip into outright deception, and why Dan believes reliability, not raw intelligence, is the biggest unsolved problem in AI today.
Key Topics Covered:
Episode Timestamps:
00:00 Intro
00:15 What a language model actually is
06:31 From well-formed sentences to general knowledge
08:27 Why LLMs are plausibility engines, not truth engines
12:06 How Perplexity approaches verifiable answers
12:40 Dan's background and Scaled Cognition's mission
15:16 The two anti-patterns companies use to control LLMs today
21:16 How Scaled Cognition architects models differently
23:28 Does every client need a custom-trained model?
29:12 Why prompting alone can't guarantee reliability
30:55 Modularity, contracts, and building reliable systems
34:40 Why trust and digital literacy matter beyond the enterprise
39:12 Code smells and why AI mistakes have no warning signs
41:14 Are AI companies incentivized to tell the truth?
42:55 How reinforcement learning actually works
44:35 The package delivery thought experiment
48:44 Why models are trained to be sycophantic
51:01 Where this incentive is mechanically baked into the model
53:43 Does responsibility fall back on humans?
58:10 Just be more reliable than a human, not perfectly true
1:02:59 The last major technique shift in AI
1:10:55 Why frontier labs keep scaling despite the risk of disruption
1:17:15 The future of hyper-specialized models vs. one broad model
1:19:47 Is there anything uniquely human AI can't replicate?
1:25:45 Wearing three hats: professor, researcher, and CTO
1:29:47 Why Dan does what he does
Connect with Dan on LinkedIn:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/dan-klein/
Partner Links
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The volume problem in AI is solved. Now it's all about data quality, and who gets to define it.
Enzo Blindow is VP of Data & AI at Prolific, a platform that connects hundreds of thousands of people worldwide to the frontier labs and enterprises training and evaluating AI models. In this conversation with Liam, Enzo breaks down what actually goes into building high-quality training data, why models lean too hard into stereotypes, and the research Prolific published showing how easily AI can be nudged toward commercially motivated, and sometimes harmful, suggestions.
They discuss why synthetic data hits a ceiling that only human data can break through, how a single mistranslated instruction can quietly corrupt an entire dataset, and why "good taste" might be one of the hardest things for AI to ever replicate.
Key Topics Covered:
Episode Timestamps:
00:00 Intro
00:21 What Prolific actually does
02:48 MCP vs. API vs. CLI access
04:19 How frontier labs started working with Prolific
06:40 Data volume vs. quality, and the role of RLHF
10:58 Who Prolific's biggest customers are
13:12 Why labs choose Prolific over other data vendors
16:13 Fact vs. opinion in AI training
19:02 Stereotypes and bias in AI models
21:15 Prolific's ICLR research on commercial pressure
23:36 Who's responsible: labs, governments, or data companies
27:22 How Prolific's data collection actually works
31:59 Synthetic data vs. human data
36:04 What defines "taste" in AI-generated content
39:33 Good taste vs. bad taste, and the risk of AI regression to the mean
42:36 Why Enzo joined Prolific
45:56 Blind spots most people have about training data
47:22 The "SaaSpocalypse" and data as a business moat
51:38 How Enzo visualizes "data" in his own mind
54:22 Why Enzo does what he does
57:16 Where to find Enzo and Prolific
Connect with Enzo on LinkedIn:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/enzoblindow/
Partner Links
Upgrade your AI toolkit: https://www.theaireport.ai/ai-executive-pass
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AI isn't replacing jobs. It's changing the way work gets done.
Scott Likens, Global Chief AI Engineer at PwC, spends his days helping organizations navigate one of the biggest technological shifts in history. In this conversation with Arturo Ferreira, Scott shares what he's seeing inside some of the world's largest companies as they race to adopt AI, transform workflows, and prepare for a future that's arriving faster than most people expect.
They discuss why many AI projects fail, the "frozen middle" preventing organizations from scaling AI, how education needs to evolve, and why the biggest challenge isn't the technology itself; it's helping people adapt to it.
Key Topics Covered:
Episode Timestamps:
00:00 Intro and the story behind Scott's LinkedIn profile
03:20 What a Chief AI Engineer actually does
06:15 Why AI is different from previous technology revolutions
10:00 The "frozen middle" problem inside organizations
15:25 Why AI adoption is more about people than technology
18:45 PwC's partnership with Anthropic and enterprise AI
22:00 Which industries are moving fastest with AI
27:00 AI, jobs, and workforce transformation
33:00 Why education needs to change
35:30 China, the U.S., and the global AI race
40:00 The questions CEOs are asking about AI today
44:00 Why most AI projects fail
47:30 Advice for leaders trying to scale AI
50:00 Books, learning, and final thoughts
Connect with Scott on LinkedIn:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/scottlikens/
Connect with Arturo on LinkedIn:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/arturoferreira/
Partner Links
Upgrade your AI toolkit: https://www.theaireport.ai/ai-executive-pass
Subscribe to our free newsletter: https://newsletter.theaireport.ai/subscribe
Join the community: https://community.theaireport.ai/checkout/the-ai-report-welcome-gift?coupon_code=WRTH
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Most people don't think about their browser. Ajit Varma thinks they should.
As Head of Firefox, Ajit sits at the intersection of AI, privacy, open-source software and the future of the internet. In this conversation with Liam Lawson, he explains why browser competition matters more than ever, how AI is changing the way we interact with the web, and why user choice could become one of the most important issues of the next decade.
Key Topics Covered:
- Why Firefox believes the future of AI should be built on open standards
- How AI is changing browsers and the way people access information online
- Why browser competition matters more than most people realize
- The hidden risks of relying on a single AI model or platform
- How Firefox approaches privacy differently from Chrome and Safari
- Why most users choose convenience over customization
- The role open source software plays in preserving an open internet
- Why AI could create more builders, creators and entrepreneurs
- Ajit's vision for a future where AI works for humanity, not just corporations
Episode Timestamps:
00:00 Intro and the mission behind Firefox
02:09 Browser engines and why they matter
04:48 AI, browsers and the future of the web
05:58 Why Firefox takes a different approach to AI
11:15 User choice, AI models and customization
16:40 Why Ajit joined Mozilla
21:13 AI competition, consolidation and the future of tech
25:07 Does open source have a branding problem?
28:07 Privacy, customization and Firefox users
34:26 Product design, simplicity and consumer behavior
39:40 How Ajit uses AI personally
41:53 AI, entrepreneurship and the future of work
53:07 Why do you do what you do?
Connect with Ajit on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ajitvarma/
Partner Links:
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Most people don't think of themselves as creative. Ian Wang thinks that's about to change.
As VP & Head of Product for Adobe Express, Ian sits at the intersection of creativity, business strategy, product development, and AI. In this conversation with Liam Lawson, he explains why everyone is creative, how AI can help people communicate ideas more effectively, and why the future of creative work will be more conversational, accessible, and collaborative than ever before.
Ian also shares Adobe's vision for a fully conversational creation experience, why enterprise AI requires more than just powerful models, and how Adobe is building tools that help millions of people move from idea to execution faster.
Key Topics Covered:
Episode Timestamps:
00:00 Ian's journey from designer to Adobe executive
02:00 Combining creativity, business, and technology
05:45 What "Creativity for All" actually means
07:44 What Adobe Express is and who it's for
10:00 The AI "aha moment" Adobe is building toward
12:15 Why context matters more than models
14:00 Serving everyone from consumers to Fortune 500 companies
16:05 Adobe's upcoming conversational AI experience
18:00 Why the future isn't prompt-only workflows
19:40 The skills that matter most in an AI-powered world
22:10 Why Ian loves building creative products
Connect with Ian on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ianwang/
Partner Links:
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