The AudioBook Guide

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The title for the fastest man or woman on earth

belongs to whoever owns the 100 meter sprint time.

Why?

Because it is the benchmark for all out running speed.

[Broadcast Announcer] And off and running.

Asafa Powell gets a good start.

Usain Bolt in the middle is now exploding!

Jamaican sprinter Usain Bolt is the fastest man on earth

with an official world record time

of 9.58 seconds in the 100 meter dash.

At his fastest, he's running more than 27 miles per hour.

Elite sprinters look like they leave it all on the track,

but could they eke out just a little bit more, somehow?

Today we're gonna look at why running

a 100 meter dash in nine seconds flat is almost impossible.

To find out what it takes I towed the line

with two of America's top sprinters,

ran on an absurd treadmill,

and talked physiological limits with a biomechanist.

The determinants of how fast

you can complete a 100 meters

are how quickly you get up to speed,

and then how fast you can run once you get there basically.

Yeah, make sure they're all the way on.

All the way on the sides.

Alright.

I got a lesson in getting up to speed

from two of the fastest ru

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After witnessing the violent rage shown by babies whenever deprived of an item they considered their own, Jean Piaget, a founding father of child psychology, observed something profound about human nature. Our sense of ownership emerges incredibly early. Why are we so clingy? There's a well-established phenomenon in psychology known as the endowment effect where we value items much more highly just as soon as we own them. In one famous demonstration, students were given a choice between a coffee mug or a Swiss chocolate bar as a reward for helping out with research. Half chose the mug, and half chose the chocolate. That is, they seemed to value the two rewards similarly. Other students were given a mug first and then a surprise chance to swap it for a chocolate bar, but only 11% wanted to. Yet another group started out with chocolate, and most preferred to keep it rather than swap. In other words, the students nearly always put greater value on whichever reward they started out with. Part of this has to do with how quickly we form connections between our sense of self and the things we consider ours. That can even be seen at the neural level. In one experiment, neuroscientists scanned participants' brains while they allocated various objects either to a basket labeled "mine," or another labeled, "Alex's." When participants subsequently looked at their new things, their brains showed more activity in a region that usually flickers into life whenever we think about ourselves. Another reason we're so fond of our possessions is that from a young age we believe they have a unique essence. Psychologists showed us this by using an illusion to convince three to six-year-olds they built a copying machine, a device that could create perfect replicas of any item. When offered a choice between their favorite toy or an apparently exact copy, the majority of the children favored the original. In fact, they were often horrified at the prospect of taking home a copy. This magical thinking about objects isn't something we grow out of. Rather it persists into adulthood while becoming ever more elaborate.

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Tesla is planning a new facility named “Bobcat Project” next to Gigafactory Texas, according to newly filed documents with the local municipality.

Electrek first revealed that Tesla is going to build its next Gigafactory in Austin around this time last year.

Now a year later, Tesla is already really advanced in the construction project of the massive factory.

The automaker has snapped up a lot of land for the project, and now we learn that they plan a new project next to it.

Tesla has filed documents with the city of Austin for a new facility codenamed “Bobcat Project.”

Business Journal Austin reported on the new filing:

It’s not exactly clear where the project will be constructed since Tesla has acquired so much land around the Gigafactory Texas project.

Here you can see the land purchased by Tesla, in green: The orange spot represents where the company is currently building the main building of Gigafactory Texas and the blue spot is where construction workers are currently working on the ground.

A new drone flyover by Terra Factory on YouTube shows the site in question:According to the documents, the new facility can cover as much as 97 acres, but it doesn’t specify what it’s going to be used for.

Tesla is also expected to build a battery cell factory at the site, but that manufacturing capacity is expected to be deployed in one of the main buildings of the previously submitted Gigafactory Texas project.

The automaker is rumored to be planning a lot of installations at the site in Texas, and CEO Elon Musk even said that Tesla Gigafactory Austin is going to be an “ecological paradise” open to the public for visits.

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The A$39 billion (US$29 billion) that Twitter founder Jack Dorsey’s digital payments company Square is paying to acquire Australian upstart payments outfit Afterpay is the biggest takeover deal in Australian corporate history.

It surpasses the A$32 billion European commercial real estate giant Unibail-Rodamco agreed to pay for Frank Lowy’s Westfield Corporation in 2017.

The deal marks an extraordinarily successful journey for Afterpay, a company founded in 2014 and listed on the Australian Stock Exchange in May 2016 at $1 a share.

At the close of last week, before this deal was announced, its share price was A$96.66, giving it a market capitalisation of about $27.5 billion.

Square, which at the end of last week had a market cap of about US$123 billion, may pay 1% of its buyout offer in cash, but the rest will be in stock, giving Afterpay shareholders 0.375 shares of Square for each Afterpay ordinary share.

The stock swap means the implied price Square is paying for Afterpay share is about A$126.21 — a premium of about 30.6% to its closing price last Friday.

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Have you ever noticed something swimming in your field of vision? It may look like a tiny worm or a transparent blob, and whenever you try to get a closer look, it disappears, only to reappear as soon as you shift your glance. But don't go rinsing out your eyes! What you are seeing is a common phenomenon known as a floater. The scientific name for these objects is Muscae volitantes, Latin for "flying flies," and true to their name, they can be somewhat annoying. But they're not actually bugs or any kind of external objects at all. Rather, they exist inside your eyeball. Floaters may seem to be alive, since they move and change shape, but they are not alive. Floaters are tiny objects that cast shadows on the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of your eye. They might be bits of tissue, red blood cells, or clumps of protein. And because they're suspended within the vitreous humor, the gel-like liquid that fills the inside of your eye, floaters drift along with your eye movements, and seem to bounce a little when your eye stops. Floaters may be only barely distinguishable most of the time. They become more visible the closer they are to the retina, just as holding your hand closer to a table with an overhead light will result in a more sharply defined shadow. And floaters are particularly noticeable when you are looking at a uniform bright surface, like a blank computer screen, snow, or a clear sky, where the consistency of the background makes them easier to distinguish. The brighter the light is, the more your pupil contracts. This has an effect similar to replacing a large diffuse light fixture with a single overhead light bulb, which also makes the shadow appear clearer. There is another visual phenomenon that looks similar to floaters but is in fact unrelated. If you've seen tiny dots of light darting about when looking at a bright blue sky, you've experienced what is known as the blue field entoptic phenomenon. In some ways, this is the opposite of seeing floaters. Here, you are not seeing shadows but little moving windows letting light through to your retina. The windows are actually caused by white blood cells moving through the capillaries along your retina's surface.

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When it comes to making ends meet as a production assistant in New York City, Brittani Cunningham knows how to stretch a dollar.

The 25-year-old earns $37,000 a year and tries to keep her costs as low as possible. Luckily, one perk of her job is that meals are usually catered when she works production assignments, where her responsibilities range from assisting cast members on set to handling paperwork and timesheets.

Being able to eat at work allows her to save a ton of money on groceries. “I pretty much don’t have to pay for any food during the week, which is insanely amazing,” Cunningham tells CNBC Make It. “I’m really lucky to have that privilege. The only time I have to pay for food is on the weekends when I’m at home.”

Cunningham, a Brooklyn native, spent a week chronicling her spending for CNBC Make It in June 2021. She tries to keep her weekly budget to around $200.

To save money, Cunningham likes to go thrifting for clothes and buys pre-owned books. She also ditched her gym membership during the pandemic in favor of working out at home, and has taught herself how to do her nails and hair rather than pay someone else to do them for her.

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Bega Valley Shire Council is calling on the Australian and NSW governments to address the increasing housing crisis across much of regional NSW, particularly in the Bega Valley Shire.

Mayor Russell Fitzpatrick said the compounding effect of the Black Summer bushfires and the flexibility of remote working is placing extra pressure on an already stretched housing market.

“Too many people in our community are finding it extraordinarily tough to find somewhere to live, and for people hoping to move to our shire to take up job opportunities, their options are extremely limited,” Cr Fitzpatrick said.

“I’ve heard of locals who can’t find a place to park their caravan, let alone find a house to live in.

“I’ve heard of people not being able to accept a job, because they can’t find somewhere to live.

“Council is developing an affordable housing strategy, making changes to zoning to facilitate more housing and assessing a high volume of development applications for new housing, but we can’t solve this problem on our own—we need the Australian and NSW governments to step in.

“We’re calling on the Australian Government to increase funding for social and affordable housing, including expansion of the National Housing Finance and Investment Corporation.

“We’re calling on the NSW Government to identify state-owned land suitable for short-term and long-term housing uses and work with Local Aboriginal Land Councils to support use of Aboriginal land for Aboriginal housing and economic development.

“We’ve also identified more Council can do to investigate opportunities to partner with crisis housing providers and seek support from short-term letting platforms to release housing for permanent rental accommodation.

“Having access to a safe and stable home is something many of us take for granted, but every year about 116,000 people in Australia experience homelessness.

“We need to act, and we need to act now.”

Council will now write to the Australian Government Assistant Treasurer and Minister for Housing, and the NSW Minister for Water, Property and Housing seeking support, investment and policy changes to help address the critical shortage of affordable housing.

/Public Release. This material comes from the originating organization and may be of a point-in-time nature, edited for clarity, style and length.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a staple of our daily lives, from Siri to Google Assistant which can control our phones, computers and even homes.

The world of media has explored the advancement and potential dangers of rapidly advancing AI for decades, films such as Blade Runner and 2001: A Space Odyssey have touched on the themes of what happens when AI grows beyond human control.

But how much does this affect our perception of AI and its involvement in our daily lives?

Read more:

Using data from Google Search Trends and Linkfluence, new research from Ebuyer has revealed that globally almost 3 million people had searched negative themes around AI online.

The research discovered that the biggest search queries included "Can artificial intelligence be dangerous?" and "Will artificial intelligence take over the world?"

The USA came out on top with 12 million conversations reported around AI over the year.

Topics around AI in these conversations included 130,000 conversations around natural language processing and 127,000 conversations around machine learning.

During the US presidential elections, AI was a big topic of conversation with Donald Trump spiking 230,000 conversations.

India and the UK came second and third with 2.36 million ad 1.27 million conversations generated around AI.

However, both these countries had a more positive attitude towards AI than the USA with the UK sparking 14 per cent positive conversations.

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To solve the problem, the EU is now digging an $11BN tunnel directly through the very heart of the mountains to effectively connect Scandinavia with the Mediterranean.

Sitting 1,371 metres above sea level, the Brenner Pass is the lowest passage through the Alps and can be used all year round.

In 1867 the Brenner railway was built to improve capacity and by the 1970s it was joined by the E45 motorway creating a major freight thoroughfare for traffic heading from the North Sea down to the Mediterranean and vice versa.

Today the Brenner Pass carries 40% of all freight over the Alps, but due to the steep inclines and the impact that has on reducing the speed of trains - over two-thirds of freight actually travels by road.

This, combined with the leisure market in the region made the area notorious for traffic jams, noise and poor air quality - and in 1994 the EU decided to take action.

Modifying the existing railways is pretty impractical due to the terrain, so the decision was made to construct an entirely new railway tunnel directly through the mountains - somewhat dramatically getting around those steep inclines and meandering routes that slow trains down.

Starting at Innsbruck in Austria and connecting to Fortezza in Italy the main route of the Brenner Base Tunnel will run for 55 kilometres. When connected to the Innsbruck bypass tunnels built in 1994 the project will become the longest underground rail connection in the world, with a total length of 64 kilometres - surpassing even the Gotthard Base Tunnel in Switzerland.

The overall project consists of an exploratory tunnel - used to gauge the route’s ground conditions prior to construction and to act as a drainage system on completion, twin main tunnels set 70 metres apart which will carry trains in either direction and four lateral access tunnels that connect to the surface and allow for spoil and materials to be moved in and out.

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As the pandemic dragged on, Sokolow adapted her operation. Demand for the challah rose so high she couldn’t bake from home anymore. “I had to start paying for assistants and kitchen spaces, and I all of a sudden had expenses,” said Sokolow. At first, she was donating 100 percent of proceeds to charity, but as she couldn’t foot the bill for ingredients forever, she lowered her donation amount to 50 percent, and now says she gives about a quarter to different charities. She’s not sure if she’ll be able to keep it going, or if she even wants to, after her book comes out and her other work picks up to pre-pandemic levels.

The beginning of the pandemic brought massive layoffs and furloughs, insecurity and uncertainty. It was a perfect confluence of people having a lot of time on their hands and a lot of anxiety about the world for a specific type of food business to grow, one which centered on giving back to the community and spreading resources around. There was a huge need for mutual aid, and both furloughed professional chefs and amateurs sprung into action, putting their skills to use. They cooked and baked and packed meals and donated the profits, or held free street cookouts and giveaways, all to make sure their communities stayed fed and funded.

But here are some truths about what the pandemic looks like in America right now. Less than 50 percent of the total population is vaccinated. The super-transmissible delta variant is quickly becoming dominant in the country, and cases are dramatically rising in places with low vaccination rates. The country, however, still has some of the lowest documented COVID cases since the pandemic began, and most states have all but abandoned safety regulations around which businesses can operate and at what capacity (some, however, are mandating indoor mask-wearing again, and there’s an argument to be made that vaccines should also be mandated for people dining indoors). Offices are reopening and jobs are coming back. The pandemic isn’t over, but it’s as close as it’s been.

Like Sokolow, the chefs and amateurs running these pandemic aid pop-ups are getting back to work, too, which means they have less time to dedicate to mutual aid. Customers are also turning their attention elsewhere. Creators are questioning whether to keep going, and if so, how to make that doable in a reopened country in which running a business and mutual aid work have often been mutually exclusive.