The Tea Party caused Britain to counter with the Intolerable acts, laws designed to to hurt Massachusetts self governance and freedoms.

Adam Smiths books and political relationships urged Europe into the modern capitalist era, based on the belief that independent businesses would provide not only for themselves but also for the rest of the population.

Religion in Scotland and England were undergoing massive changes while Hume concentrated on the great problems of the world and society. The society in which he lived was crumbling right around him.

Franklin taking much witnessed from other members of his family who were trades people, garnered a tenacious work ethic. He put this to use as a printer, made a considerable amount of wealth but never lost site of his ever increasing sense to help community, particularly the poor.

For Britains and other European countries whose segment of poverty who were down and out, a program of workhouses and social safety-net were set up in this early year of 1700.

A conflict arose in the Royal Society of London between Issac Newton and Robert Hooke over research done over the physics of light.

Marie du Moulin was a Dutch writer and scholar whose participation in the Republic of Letters is indicative of a much larger circle of professional and intellectual women.

John Wallis began the formation of the Royal Society of London, this has become the oldest national scientific organization in the world, their motto is , “take nobody’s word for it”.

Constitutionally, the outcome of the English Civil War was that the future monarchs were not allowed to govern without the express consent of Parliament.

Newton was most noted for his book, Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, thus laying three important principles that laid out principles of modern Physics.