Welcome to The Movement PhD!
This is Season 2, Episode 1: The Cervical Spine: Bony Anatomy, Alignment, and Arthrokinematics.

In this episode, Dr. Dustin Hardwick introduces the upper-extremity biomechanics series by reviewing cervical spine anatomy, spinal curvatures, regional motion differences, and detailed arthrokinematics. We explore how structure dictates motion, why coupling patterns exist, and how cervical mechanics influence neural space and posture.

Links:

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Substack⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Slides with transcripts available)

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A complete guide to lower-extremity arthrokinematics, from lumbar facets to the subtalar joint.

This topic-focused episode reviews lower-extremity arthrokinematics from the lumbar spine to the ankle and foot. Dr. Dustin Hardwick (PhD in Movement Science, Physical Therapist) walks through planes and axes, spin/roll/glide mechanics, and the convex–concave rule, then applies these concepts to the lower extremity. A clean, efficient reference for students and clinicians who want to understand joint mechanics in functional movement.

Links:

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Substack⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Slides with transcripts available)

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Welcome to The Movement PhD!

Tissue Mechanics & Healing: Bone, Cartilage, Tendons, Ligaments, and Muscle.

In this episode, Dr. Dustin Hardwick (PhD in Movement Science, Physical Therapist) explains how biological tissues absorb force, deform under load, fail, and heal. We review viscoelastic properties, phases of healing, fracture mechanics, cartilage biology, tendon and ligament structure, and muscle strain classification, all tied to clinical relevance and rehabilitation principles.

Links:

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Substack⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Slides with transcripts available)

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Explore how the ankle and foot muscles guide pronation, propulsion, and gait efficiency.

Welcome to The Movement PhD!
This is Season 1, Episode 13: The Ankle and Foot: Muscles and Gait Mechanics.

In this episode, Dr. Dustin Hardwick explores the muscles of the ankle and foot and how it guides pronation, supination, arch stability, and efficient gait. We review dorsiflexors, plantar flexors, inverters, everters, and intrinsicsl; connecting each to their roles in shock absorption, propulsion, and postural control. We also cover gait mechanics, rocker functions, ankle moments, and deviations such as foot drop, foot slap, early heel rise, and calcaneal gait.

What You’ll Learn in This Episode:
• Dorsiflexors, plantar flexors, inverters, everters, and their functional roles• Tibialis anterior weakness: foot drop, foot slap, and compensations• Gastroc vs. soleus: torque production, gait roles, fiber type• Tibialis posterior: arch control, pronation mechanics, and windlass activation• Fibularis longus & brevis: lateral stability and first-ray mechanics• Intrinsic foot muscles and their role in arch support and push-off• The four rockers of gait and how the foot transitions from flexible to rigid• Closed-chain vs. open-chain ankle moments throughout stance• Gait deviations: foot drop, steppage gait, calcaneal gait, early heel rise• Causes and effects of overpronation and oversupination

Links:

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Substack⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Slides with transcripts available)

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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Welcome to The Movement PhD!
This is Season 1, Episode 12: The Ankle and Foot — Bony Anatomy, Alignment, and Arthrokinematics.

In this episode, Dr. Dustin Hardwick (PhD in Movement Science, Physical Therapist) introduces the ankle and foot unit, breaking down the anatomy and function of the talocrural, subtalar, and transverse tarsal joints. You’ll learn how the bones of the foot align, move, and interact to create both flexibility and stability which is key for efficient gait and shock absorption.

We’ll also cover the arches of the foot, pronation and supination, and structural deformities such as pes cavus, pes planus, and varus/valgus alignments.

Links:

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Substack⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Slides with transcripts available)

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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Welcome to The Movement PhD!
This is Season 1, Episode 11: The Knee Part 2: Meniscus, Ligaments, Muscles, and Gait.

In this episode, Dr. Dustin Hardwick (PhD in Movement Science, Physical Therapist) explores the connective tissue and muscular structures that stabilize and move the knee. You’ll learn how the menisci distribute load and guide motion, how each ligament contributes to joint stability, and how muscle coordination allows for smooth and efficient gait.

We also examine key gait mechanics, internal and external moments, and clinical gait deviations, from valgus collapse to quadriceps weakness, showing how impairments at the knee influence the entire kinetic chain.

In the next episode we will start our unit on the ankle and foot, covering bony anatomy, alignment, and arthrokinematics.

Links:

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Substack⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Slides with transcripts available)

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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Welcome to The Movement PhD!
This is Season 1, Episode 10: The Knee: Bony Anatomy, Alignment, and Arthrokinematics.

In this first part of the knee unit, Dr. Dustin Hardwick (PhD in Movement Science, Physical Therapist) reviews the anatomy and mechanics of the knee joint. You’ll learn about the tibiofemoral, patellofemoral, and proximal tibiofibular joints, normal alignment angles, and how forces act through the knee during standing and movement.

We’ll review anatomy, alignment, the screw-home mechanism, how the patella enhances quadriceps function, and the arthrokinematics.. This episode provides the mechanical foundation for understanding knee movement and injury mechanics in both clinical and functional settings.

In the next episode we will continue our discussion of the knee with a discussion of the muscles, ligaments, and how they contribute to movement.

Links:

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Substack⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Slides with transcripts available)

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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Explore how the sacroiliac joint and posture contribute to lumbar movement and pain syndromes.

Welcome to The Movement PhD!
This is Season 1, Episode 9: The Sacroiliac Joint and Lumbar Movement Syndromes.

In this episode, Dr. Dustin Hardwick (PhD in Movement Science, Physical Therapist) explains the role of the sacroiliac joint as the bridge between the spine and lower limbs and explores how posture and movement patterns affect lumbar function. You’ll learn about nutation and counternutation, SI joint stability, and common lumbar movement syndromes, from hyperlordosis and facet loading to flexion-based disc pathology and instability.

Whether you’re a student, clinician, or movement professional, this episode brings together the anatomy, mechanics, and common pathologies of the lower back to complete the lumbar spine unit.

Links:

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Substack⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Slides with transcripts available)

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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Welcome to The Movement PhD!
This is Season 1, Episode 8: The Lumbar Spine Part 2: Lower Back and Abdominal Muscles

In this episode, Dr. Dustin Hardwick (PhD in Movement Science, Physical Therapist) reviews the muscles that move and stabilize the lumbar spine and abdomen. You’ll learn how the abdominals, deep back muscles, diaphragm, and pelvic floor work together to create stability, manage load, and coordinate movement.

We’ll discuss the function of each muscle group, how they interact to produce flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation, and how core timing—especially activation of the transversus abdominis and multifidus—affects spinal control. Whether you’re a student, clinician, or trainer, this episode helps you connect structure to movement and movement to performance.

Links:

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Substack⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Slides with transcripts available)

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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Explore the lumbar spine’s anatomy and arthrokinematics

Welcome to The Movement PhD!This is Season 1, Episode 7.

In this episode, Dr. Dustin Hardwick (PhD in Movement Science, Physical Therapist) explains the structure and movement mechanics of the lumbar spine. You’ll learn how spinal curves distribute load, how vertebrae and discs handle compression and shear, and how the facet orientation guides motion. We also review key ligaments, the arthrokinematics of flexion, extension, rotation, and lateral flexion, and how posture affects spinal forces.

Whether you’re a student, clinician, or movement professional, this episode gives you a clear anatomical and mechanical foundation for understanding lumbar spine function.

Links:

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Substack⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Slides with transcripts available)

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Instagram⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Threads⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠TikTok⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ 

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⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Bluesky⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

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