We welcomed back Dr. Gil Levin for this 90 minute discussion about finding molecular type life on Mars. We talked extensively about Gil's well known Viking lander Labeled Release experiments and the findings from both the Viking 1 and Viking 2 missions. Dr. Levin asserts that signs of molecular life were found but in the 40 years since Viking, no confirming experiments have been done or planned by NASA. We talked about the absence of life detection experiments on the Mars rovers, findings in similar rocks and locations in Earth that suggest life was detected on Mars, plus toward the end of the program, Gil explained exactly what the labeled release experiment was and we found out it was and still is the test used to develop microbes in water. You definitely want to hear Gil's explanation of this toward the end of our discussion. Another topic focused on the speculation as to why NASA and others might not want to confirm life on Mars. Listen and tell us what you think by posting on our blog. Another important topic discussed was the potential for a Mars Sample Return Mission. Gil was strongly opposed to bringing a Mars sample back to Earth. Listen to both his reasons for his oppositions and his suggestions for dealing with a Mars sample. Read the full summary of this program at www.thespaceshow.com for this date, Tuesday, Nov. 22, 2016.

We welcomed Leonard David back to the program for this 1 hour 52 minute program. During the first part of the program, we focused on Leonard's new book, "Mars: Our Future On The Red Planet." This book is also a companion book to the National Geographic TV mini-series, "Mars." Leonard talked about the book and his project with the National Geographic Mars project, plus we talked about a future human Mars mission. Leonard talked about the challenges, planetary protection and ethics came up, he described the Mars TV series, the possible use of public private partnerships for the upcoming humans to Mars mission and more. Leonard also talked about the Martian rovers plus he was asked about other destinations for humans in the solar system. In the second segment, we talked about possibly reconvening the National Space Council. Leonard told us abut his book tour with Buzz regarding his previous book and he told us a terrific story when Buzz and Leonard got a question at an Arkansas presentation asking about Buzz punching out the guy who called him a liar about going to the Moon. Leonard talked about SpaceX and the Musk plans for Mars, our becoming a multi-planet species, and his book tour for the Mars book and TV show. Near the end of our discussion, Leonard talked about the book being a metaphor so don't miss what he said. He also mentioned The Overview Effect for Mars. We took a call near the end of the discussion asking about nuclear and other advanced propulsion. Be sure to read the fully summary of this program at www.thespaceshow.com for this date, Monday, 11-21-16.

We welcomed back Jay Wittner and for the first time, Steven Jorgenson to the show to discuss both the Space Finance Group (SFG) and to update us with the Integrated Space Plan. During our nearly two hour discussion, we firsts spoke about the SFG, helping to finance apace start-ups and entrepreneurial businesses through crowd funding support. For those of you considering a crowd funding project, this is a must listen to show. During the second segment, we focused on updates to the Integrated Space Plan. During both segments, we took several email questions as well as some suggestions for the Integrated Space Plan updates. Before the show ended, Jay addressed an important change in crowd funding, the new equity crowd funding possibilities since this was legally approved with some SEC guidelines. In addition, throughout our discussion, we leaned on Steven for his financial and investment insights in terms space given the new incoming administration, plus we sought other investing and financial insights from him. Please read the full summary of this program at www.thespaceshow.com for this program this date, Sunday, Nov. 20, 2016.

Welcome to our 1 hour 53 minute program with Dr. Bruce Cordell as we take a look at the possibility of a big, monumental Apollo-like space project happening in the new Trump administration. Dr. Cordell spots trends and talks about Maslow Windows of opportunity which summarized for us in this program. He then pointed out the trends in play as a result of the Trump win and things happening in the country and possibly with the economy. We also talked about the possibility that another country could be the lead on a big, monumental space program as it does not always have to be the US though the U.S. is usually the one that does lead and do the project. We also talked about a private effort spurring the project, SpaceX for example going to Mars. Of course the chances for such a project to come about include some sort of government participation so Bruce talked extensively about Public Private Partnerships. Listeners questioned him about such a project being related to space. Why not in medicine or some other field? Bruce explained that for space, people would need to be involved, hence human spaceflight. Another important contributing factor to such a project happening was based on the mood of the country. He thought the trend with the change to a Trump administration signaled the coming of an ebullient society, moving fast and strong toward ebullience. Don't miss all of what he said about the likelihood of a big Apollo style human spaceflight project happening again. Read the full summary of this program at www.thespaceshow.com for this program on this date, Friday, Nov. 18, 2016.

We welcomed Michael Listner, space attorney to our 20 minute Hotel Mars segment to discuss probable Trump space policy. We covered NASA and administrator options, civil space, commercial space, Orion & SLS, planetary missions, China, Russia, ESA, Japan and much more. Don't miss this double segment Hotel Mars program. Read the full summary of the program at www.thespaceshow.com for this program on this date, Wednesday, Nov. 16, 2016.

Welcome to our two hour program with Bob Zimmerman. During the first segment, Bob talked about the potential space policy and industry changes that may come about due to the election of Trump for president. Bob talked about commercial space, the Earth science segment of NASA, planetary science, Orion and SLS, and the NASA Administrator as well as possible budget cuts and streamlining that may go on. Bob mentioned public-private partnerships, the Outer Space Treaty, and international space cooperation. In the second segment, Bob addressed the question asked earlier by Dr. Doug regarding the speech by Congressman Bridenstine regarding returning to the Moon. Another listener commented on the National Geographic Mars mini-series TV program now underway, plus more on Elon Musk and SpaceX, technology, and he got a question about his climate change comments back from the first segment. As the program was ending, he provided a short rover summary plus a concise report on major country space agencies and programs. Read the full summary at www.thespaceshow.com for this show on this date, Tuesday, Nov. 15, 2016.

We welcomed author Marianne Dyson back to the show for this 1 hour 50 minute discussion about her new book, "A Passion For Space: Adventures of a Pioneering Female NASA Flight Controller." Not only did Ms. dyson tell us great stories and share terrific experiences with us regarding her work at NASA with Space Shuttle, we talked about the shuttle in general, going to the Moon, space settlement, Mars trips, human spaceflight, and much more. Read the full summary of this program at www.thespaceshow.com for this program on this date, Monday, Nov. 14, 2016.

We welcomed back Rand Simberg for this 1 hour 45 minute discussion about the possibilities for President Elect Trump and space policy. Also discussed were possible NASA Administrator choices plus a view of the Administrator's job that was not so glamorous. Orion was mentioned as a possible cancellation project, more so than SLS although Rand also talked about a future SLS cancelation since we were seeing other big rockets emerge from the private sector. Near the end of the program, Rand said he was looking into doing an Enceladus mission with a group of people but this was just a thought at this time. He started getting lots of listener questions when he mentioned. that. Read the full summary of this show at www.thespaceshow.com for this show, this date, Sunday, Nov. 13, 2016.

Welcomes to this program featuring author Bob King who has written an excellent boo, 'Night Sky With The Naked Eye." We discussed viewing the night sky, the constellations, apps that we can use, celestial navigation, the Moon, Mars, orbits and much more. The book has great color photos in it and guides to how best to view the night sky. Read the full review at www.thespaceshow.com for this date, Friday, Nov. 11, 2016.

We welcomed Dr. Jeff Foust back to Hotel Mars to discuss the latest news with SpaceX, the Falcon 9 investigation, their return to flight plans, Red Dragon, and the delays in the Falcon Heavy program. Read the full summary of this program at www.thespaceshow.com for this date, Wednesday, Nov. 9, 2016.