The Trauma-Informed SLP

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A new episode!! FINALLY!! I took a bit of time-off from this topic for my own mental health, but now I'm back, baby!

Herein lies my info-dump on dehumanization in medical (read: clinical) practice. We go through Haque &b Waytz's functional and nonfunctional causes and also some very valid counterpoints from Kalina Christoff's paper.

AND, as a bit of ADHDer magic, this whole thing ended up dove-tailing into articles on burnout, so I get to info dump about that topic next!!  Woot!

About Us:

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Citation links:

Main two papers:

Papers on mpathy, burnout, and emotional labor: (includes some not directly quoted in the episode)

Definition of "emotional labor"

ASAN statement on Identify First Language by Lydia Brown

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As the Gen-Zers say, we live in a society. And so do scientists, which means that science is never truly bias-free...despite frequent claims otherwise. To be trauma-informed, however, we have to pay attention to that man behind the curtain. Cause sometimes, research is based in dehumanizing societal biases. And treatments based in that research ends up harming people.

This episode covers:

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References:

Peer-Reviewed articles:

Botha, M. (2021). Academic, activist, or advocate? Angry, entangled, and emerging: A critical reflection on autism knowledge production. Frontiers in psychology, 4196.

Botha, M., & Cage, E. (2022). “Autism research is in crisis”: A mixed method study of researcher’s constructions of autistic people and autism research. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 7397.

Haslam, N. (2006). Dehumanization: An integrative review. Personality and social psychology review, 10(3), 252-264.

Milton, D. E. (2012). On the ontological status of autism: The ‘double empathy problem’. Disability & society, 27(6), 883-887.

Solomon, M. (1985). The rhetoric of dehumanization: An analysis of medical reports of the Tuskegee syphilis project. Western journal of speech communication, 49(4), 233-247.

Other references:

Dehumanizing Always Starts With Language (Brené Brown, 2018)

Tuskegee Syphilis Study

Polygenism

On Louis Agassiz: Wikipedia's entry and Saima S. Iqbal's Harvard Crimson article

On Samuel George Morton: Wikipedia's entry and George Mason University's page of quotes

Harvard’s Eugenics Era (Adam S. Cohen, 2016)

Scientific Racism (Harvard Library)

Skulls in print: scientific racism in the transatlantic world

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To introduce dehumanization in medicine and science, I decided to use this fun, light-hearted* tail of "crazy" (cis?**) women and the (cis?) men who sought to figure out the source of the crazy.

On this episode, we go through:

*HA HA HA HAHAHAHAHAHAHAA

**using question mark cause, let's face it, historical accounts don't really tell us what people felt their internal gender really was, but that doesn't mean some of them might have been elsewhere on the gender spectrum and/or trans.

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References:

Freud: Complete Works (1890-1939). (referenced for verification of quotes used in Herman's book).

Gordon, Aubrey. Maintenance Phase [podcast]. Episode: Zombie Statistics Spectacular!

Herman, Judith Lewis. Trauma and Recovery.

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Sorry this one took so long to get out! (Had some software snafus to deal with.) But here we go with the second episode towards becoming trauma-sensitive. Heavy topics, but super important to confront our discomfort with these if we want to truly be trauma-informed.

On this episode:

About Us:

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References:

Examples of Microaggressions from the University of Minnesota School of Public Health.

Ten stages of American Indian Genocide (2018) by Cameron, S. C., & Phan, L. T.

Trauma-informed care and cultural humility in the mental health care of people from minoritized communities (2020) by Ranjbar, N., Erb, M., Mohammad, O., & Moreno, F. A.

Whiteness article from the National Museum of African American History & Culture.

White Supremacy Culture in Organizations by Kira Page (2019) from the Centre for Community Organizations (coco-net.org).

White Women doing White Supremacy in Nonprofit Culture from Equity in the Center.

Why and How Trauma-Informed Organizations Attend to Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion presented by Iya Affo through the Arizona Trauma Institute.

For continuing education on mass traumas mentioned in the episode:

American Indian Genocide

Adam Ruin's Everything: The Disturning History of the Suburbs

Jim Crow Laws

Mexican "repatriation"

Japanese-American Internment

The Chinese Exclusion Act and also here

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Here it is. We've arrived at some tough topics. In order to become trauma-sensitive (per the The Missouri Model), we have to increase our awareness of historical (i.e., generational) and system-oriented traumas/retraumatization.

This is where trauma-informed meets cultural humility and cultural awareness. And also where, if we continue to hold on to our cultural blindness (and the implicit biases that go along with that), we cannot call ourselves trauma-informed.

On this episode:

We go over how social media allows our awareness of cultural and systemic differences to change rapidly (compared to pre-social media/internet days)

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Reference links:

Maslow Chart adapted by RYSE Center (2016)

TIP 57

A Pair of ACEs (image and explanation)

Resmaa Menakem's website

"Notice the Rage; Notice the Silence" episode of On Being hosted by Krista Tippet (where I first heard the Resmaa Menakem quote I used--but it is also in his book My Grandmother's Hands)

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Happy New Year, Everybody!

Before going into trauma sensitive topics, I felt I needed to provide everyone with some tools to process any upsetting and/or uncomfortable feelings that might arise from discussions of historical traumas and systemic oppression. Also, it's a tough time of year, so these might just be useful for you if you're feeling upset about other things/people at this time.

Episode outline includes:

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Referenced links:

Autism Level Up!

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Butterfly Hug

Tactile/breathing exercises

Progressive muscle relaxation

Destini Ann, "Big Mad," on TikTok

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Whew! We made it!

Here's what I consider the final material you need to officially be trauma-aware (per the Missouri Model). This episode covers the types of potentially traumatic events, how trauma is characterized, and potential life-long impacts per the CDC-Kaiser study ACE Study (and a little side-note on epigenetics).

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Facebook

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Episode References: (in addition to the TIP 57)

[Amoeba Sisters]. (2018, December 18). Epigentics [Video].Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MD3Fc0XOjWk

Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, April 6). About the CDC-Kaiser ACE Study. www.cdc.gov. https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/aces/about.html

Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V., & Marks, J. S. (1998). Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. American journal of preventive medicine, 14(4), 245-258. Retrieved from: https://www.ajpmonline.org/article/S0749-3797(98)00017-8/fulltext

Yup. That's right. I'm giving 2, 1-hr talks at ASHA this year. 'Cause I'm a loony. 

I also have a new website! Woot!  https://www.trauma-informed-slp.com/ 

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What's a podcast by an ADHDer without more info-dumping, amirite?? I felt I would be remiss to not include something on the Polyvagal Theory as it comes up A LOT in trauma-informed courses, trainings, and literature. So, here it is! (Along with a bit of neuroscience info-dumping cause I'm a Nerd who just can't help herself.) 

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References:

Liem, T. (2021). Critique of the Polyvagal Theory. Critique, 22, 48. Retrieved from: https://www.osteopathie-liem.de/en/blog/critique-of-the-polyvagal-theory/. 

Porges, Stephen (2009). The polyvagal theory: New insights into adaptive reactions of the autonomic nervous system. The Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, 76(Suppl 2): S86–S90 : doi:10.3949/ccjm.76.s2.17. 

Van der Kolk, B. (2015). The body keeps the score: Brain, mind, and body in the healing of trauma. New York, NY: Penguin Books.

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This episode goes through the three physiological survival mechanisms: Fight, flight, and freeze. We touch a little on what is known as the "fawn" response before moving into defining each survival mechanism, the physiological cascade that occurs when we go into "survival mode" and how trauma responses occur as a result of this. 

There will be a bonus episode that touches on the Polyvagal Theory and why it wasn't directly included in this episode.

About Us:

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References:

Gill, L. (2017). Understanding and working with the window of tolerance. Attachment and trauma treatment centre for healing (ATTCH). Retrieved from: https://www.attachment-and-trauma-treatment-centre-for-healing.com/blogs/understanding-and-working-with-the-window-of-tolerance.

Logan, R. (2022). Certified Trauma Support Specialist: Module 2 - Further understanding of our nervous system [Online Professional Training Course]. The Arizona Trauma Institute. Retrieved from: https://aztrauma.teachable.com 

Quinones, M. M., Gallegos, A. M., Lin, F. V., & Heffner, K. (2020). Dysregulation of inflammation, neurobiology, and cognitive function in PTSD: an integrative review. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 20(3), 455-480.

Van der Kolk, B. (2015). The body keeps the score: Brain, mind, and body in the healing of trauma. New York, NY: Penguin Books.