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Welcome back to This Day in Scottish History. I'm your host, Colin MacDonald. Today, we journey back to March 5, 1324, to the birth of a boy who would inherit a kingdom in turmoil—King David II of Scotland. Born at Dunfermline Abbey to Robert the Bruce and Elizabeth de Burgh, young David would ascend to the throne at just five years old. His reign would be one of struggle, exile, and captivity, yet he would ultimately rule Scotland for over 40 years. And if you’re curious about other fascinating events that happened on this day in history, be sure to check out my blog at https://bagtownclans.com/thisday. The link will be in the description!
David's birth was a moment of great significance for Scotland. His father, Robert the Bruce, had fought tirelessly to secure Scottish independence from England, most notably at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314. But victory on the battlefield was not the same as securing the future. Scotland needed a legitimate heir to ensure stability after Bruce’s death, and when David was born, he was seen as the hope of the nation.
However, fate was not kind to the young king. In 1329, when David was just five years old, Robert the Bruce died. The boy was crowned King of Scotland at Scone Abbey, but his reign was immediately threatened. Edward Balliol, son of the deposed King John Balliol, with the backing of Edward III of England, sought to reclaim the throne. What followed was a period of chaos known as the Second War of Scottish Independence.
In 1332, Balliol, supported by an English invasion, won a significant victory at the Battle of Dupplin Moor and was crowned king. Though the Scots loyal to David resisted, Balliol’s forces continued their advance, forcing David and his young queen, Joan of the Tower—who was also the sister of Edward III—to flee to France in 1334. For seven years, David lived in exile under the protection of King Philip VI, far from the land he was meant to rule.
While David was in France, Scotland endured war and occupation, but the Scots never abandoned their king. A series of victories by Scottish forces, including the recapture of Perth and Stirling, weakened Balliol’s position. By 1341, it was safe for David to return, and at 17 years old, he finally took full control of his kingdom.
However, David was not content with merely defending Scotland. He sought to strike back at England and reclaim the lands lost to Edward III. In 1346, he led an ambitious invasion of northern England while Edward was preoccupied with his war against France. But at the Battle of Neville’s Cross, near Durham, disaster struck. The Scots were decisively defeated, and David was taken prisoner by the English.
For 11 long years, David was held in captivity, first in the Tower of London and later in Windsor and Odiham castles. Unlike his father, who had fought relentlessly against English dominance, David took a more pragmatic approach. In 1357, he was released in exchange for a massive ransom of 100,000 marks, a sum Scotland struggled to pay.
Returning to a country drained by war and heavy taxation, David’s rule was marked by efforts to maintain stability and negotiate with England. Some even say he considered naming Edward III’s son as his successor in exchange for financial relief—a move that would have drastically altered Scotland’s fate. However, David died suddenly in 1371, leaving no direct heirs. His nephew, Robert II, took the throne, beginning the long reign of the Stewart dynasty.
David II’s legacy is complex. He was a king who inherited an impossible situation, faced overwhelming odds, and yet managed to maintain Scotland’s independence. He was not the warrior his father had been, but he was a survivor—a monarch who endured exile, captivity, and political turmoil to keep the Scottish crown intact.
Thank you for joining me today on This Day in Scottish History. I hope you’ve enjoyed this look at the life of David II, a king whose story is often overshadowed by his legendary father. Don’t forget to check out my blog for more historical events at https://bagtownclans.com/thisday. Tune in tomorrow for another journey through Scotland’s remarkable past. I'm Colin MacDonald—Haste Ye Back!
Now, let’s create an illustration for this episode—something that captures the young King David II, perhaps at his coronation or in exile in France.
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