"The Dimensional Perspective
Here is a hypothetical profile, in terms of the five-factor model of personality, for Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder (speculatively constructed from McCrae, 1994, pg. 306):
High Neuroticism: Chronic negative affects, including anxiety, fearfulness, tension, irritability, anger, dejection, hopelessness, guilt, shame; difficulty in inhibiting impulses: for example, to eat, drink, or spend money; irrational beliefs: for example, unrealistic expectations, perfectionistic demands on self, unwarranted pessimism; unfounded somatic concerns; helplessness and dependence on others for emotional support and decision making.
High Extraversion: Excessive talking, leading to inappropriate self-disclosure and social friction; inability to spend time alone; attention seeking and overly dramatic expression of emotions; reckless excitement seeking; inappropriate attempts to dominate and control others.
Low Openness: Difficulty adapting to social or personal change; low tolerance or understanding of different points of view or lifestyles; emotional blandness and inability to understand and verbalize own feelings; alexythymia; constricted range of interests; insensitivity to art and beauty; excessive conformity to authority.
Low Agreeableness: Cynicism and paranoid thinking; inability to trust even friends or family; quarrelsomeness; too ready to pick fights; exploitive and manipulative; lying; rude and inconsiderate manner alienates friends, limits social support; lack of respect for social conventions can lead to troubles with the law; inflated and grandiose sense of self; arrogance.
High Conscientiousness: Overachievement: workaholic absorption in job or cause to the exclusion of family, social, and personal interests; compulsiveness, including excessive cleanliness, tidiness, and attention to detail; rigid self-discipline and an inability to set tasks aside and relax; lack of spontaneity; overscrupulousness in moral behavior.
Character Weaknesses and Vices*
procrastination
argumentativeness
dilatoriness at work
querulousness
obstructionistic behavior
scornful of authority
resentful of suggestions
"forgets" obligations
unaware of being incompetentpassive-aggressiveness, passiveness, contumaciousness, uncooperativeness, resentfulness, hostility, angriness, irritableness, argumentativeness, scornfulness, obstructionism, curmudgeonliness, procrastination, blamefulness, captiousness, nitpicking, contrariness, sulkiness, indecisiveness, stubbornness (Stone, 360-62).
idleness, inactiveness, indolence, laziness, slothfulness, sluggishness, clumsiness, dilatoriness, dullness, heaviness, inertness, unreadiness, slowness, dawdling, delaying, drowsiness, laggardness, lingering, malingering, slackness, carelessness, negligence, forgetfulness, tardiness, apathy, accidie, immobility, indifference, insensibility, lethargy, submissiveness, unassertiveness, unconcern, unfeelingness, oppositionalism.
* Derived from Michael Stone's (23) list of the "personality traits" of DSM-III-R Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder."
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