We're taking a short break to let you know about a new planning podcast coming your way.  Booked on Planning is a podcast that goes deep into the planning books that have helped shape the world of community and regional planning.  Stephanie Rouse, AICP - Professional Development Office of the Nebraska APA and host of the upcoming podcast - joins to talk about how the podcast came to be, what it's all about, and how it can help out AICP hopefuls and planning veterans alike.

Booked on Planning:

https://www.bookedonplanning.com/

https://www.instagram.com/bookedonplanning/

https://www.facebook.com/bookedonplanning

https://www.linkedin.com/company/booked-on-planning/

https://twitter.com/BookedPlanning

In the 1930’s, the U.S. was taking conservation seriously.  We put together a massive regional authority to handle conservation and energy issues in the Tennessee Valley, but we also attacked the growing issue called the Dust Bowl with two major Acts:  The Taylor Grazing Act and the Soil Conservation Act.

The Tennessee Valley Authority:

https://www.tva.com/About-TVA/Our-History

https://www.history.com/topics/great-depression/history-of-the-tva

The Taylor Grazing Act:

Taylor Grazing Act | Legislation | US Encyclopedia of law (lawi.us)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylor_Grazing_Act_of_1934

The Soil Conservation Act:

https://livingnewdeal.org/glossary/soil-conservation-act-1935/

Honoring 86 Years of NRCS – A Brief History | NRCS (usda.gov)

FDR and National Planning seem to go hand-in-hand.  Because they do.  Literally.  Planning on a national level spanned almost the exact same time frame as FDR’s Presidency, and FDR just wouldn’t like it go away; bringing it back under name after name after name.  Both Started in 1933, and National Planning died in 1943, two years before FDR.  This one’s all about the blip on the planning radar called, National Planning.

The National Planning Board:
https://www.encyclopedia.com/economics/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/national-resources-planning-board-nrpb
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Works_Administration
https://etd.ohiolink.edu/apexprod/rws_etd/send_file send?accession=osu1486652373261456& disposition=attachment

National Planning Board Final Report
https://archive.org/details/finalreport1933to1934unitrich/page/n7/mode/2up

National Resources Planning Board
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Resources_Board_of_1934
https://archive.org/details/reportonnational1934unitrich/page/n7/mode/2up

Regional Factors in National Planning
https://www.amazon.com/Regional-National-Development-Resources-Committee/dp/1297819470
https://archive.org/details/regionalfactorsi1935unitrich?ref=ol&view=theater

I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people.  Let us all here assembled constitute ourselves prophets of a new order of competence and of courage.  This is more than a political campaign; it is a call to arms.  Give me your help, not to win votes alone, but to win in the crusade to restore America to its own people.

-FDR, July 2nd, 1932

FDR Inauguration and the New Deal Pitch:

http://www.roosevelthouse.hunter.cuny.edu/seehowtheyran/portfolios/1932-fdrs-first-presidential-campaign/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Deal#:~:text=The%20New%20Deal%20was%20a,enacted%20by%20President%20Franklin%20D.&text=The%20New%20Deal%20included%20new,after%20prices%20had%20fallen%20sharply.

Civilian Conservation Corps:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilian_Conservation_Corps

https://www.nps.gov/articles/the-civilian-conservation-corps.htm#:~:text=Roosevelt%20established%20the%20Civilian%20Conservation,lands%2C%20forests%2C%20and%20parks.

Federal Relief Administration Act:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Emergency_Relief_Administration

https://livingnewdeal.org/glossary/federal-emergency-relief-administration-fera-1933-1935/

The Agricultural Adjustment Act:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricultural_Adjustment_Act

https://livingnewdeal.org/glossary/agricultural-adjustment-act-1933-re-authorized-1938-2/

Home Owner’s Loan Corporation:

https://livingnewdeal.org/glossary/home-owners-loan-act-1933/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_Owners%27_Loan_Corporation

Well, saying goodbye to the roaring 20’s was bittersweet.  Actually, it was just bitter.  Bitter and depressing.  When the good times from the 20’s caught up to everyone in October of 1929, the markets came crashing down.  But why? And did we try and do anything to stop it?

The Great Depression:

https://www.britannica.com/story/causes-of-the-great-depression

https://www.history.com/topics/great-depression/great-depression-history

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Depression

Wall Street Crash of 1929:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929

https://www.history.com/topics/great-depression/1929-stock-market-crash

Conference on Land Utilization (1931) & the Dust Bowl:

https://archive.org/details/CAT10505778/page/46/mode/2up
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dust_Bowl

Reconstruction Finance Corporation:

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Reconstruction-Finance-Corporation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_Finance_Corporation

https://www.federalreservehistory.org/essays/great-depression

Federal Home Loan Bank Act:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Home_Loan_Bank_Act

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/federal-home-loan-bank-act.asp

Get your motor runnin’, head out on the highway! Because the federal government ponied up some money in 1916 to make sure the roads were all in good condition.  Or you can always head out on the parkway that New York built in 1919, and of course, you can always take your highway out to the first regional suburban shopping center too.

Transportation Epochs:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borchert%27s_Epochs#:~:text=Borchert's%20epochs%20refer%20to%20five,of%20growth%20of%20American%20cities.

https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1015&context=geosciences_facpub

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q5gDWNE7rfs

1916 Federal Highway Act:

https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/96summer/p96su2.cfm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Aid_Road_Act_of_1916

https://historylink.org/File/7243

1919 First Parkway in the U.S.:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronx_River_Parkway

https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/X004/history

http://npshistory.com/publications/colo/colo-pkwy-context.pdf

1922 First Auto-Oriented Shopping Center:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country_Club_Plaza

https://www.visitkc.com/2017/06/27/today-i-learned-history-behind-country-club-plaza

This episode is all about making the case for zoning.  Is zoning constitutional?  Is it a taking?  Does it violate the 14th Amendment?  (That’s the Due Process clause) What about simple Use Regulations?  What about legislative acts?  These are the things that U.S. Supreme Court had to debate.  One thing is for sure though.  When in doubt, APPEAL!  

Hadacheck v. Sebastian:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadacheck_v._Sebastian

https://www.lexisnexis.com/community/casebrief/p/casebrief-hadacheck-v-sebastian

https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/239/394

Pennsylvania Coal Co. v. Mahon:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania_Coal_Co._v._Mahon

https://www.lexisnexis.com/community/casebrief/p/casebrief-pennsylvania-coal-co-v-mahon

https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/260/393

Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co.:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Village_of_Euclid_v._Ambler_Realty_Co.

https://www.lexisnexis.com/community/casebrief/p/casebrief-euclid-v-ambler-realty-co-1043783755

https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/272/365

I mean, it’s all pretty standard.  Standard state zoning, standard city planning.  And in the name of what again?  In an effort to protect residential properties, these two acts were probably two of the more pivotal moments in planning.  Shaping the way we are today, did they also sort of set-up the copy-and-paste legacy of resolutions?

Herbert Hoover:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Hoover

Standard State Zoning Enabling Act (SZEA):

https://www.planning.org/growingsmart/enablingacts/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_State_Zoning_Enabling_Act

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoning_in_the_United_States#Origins_and_history

https://planning-org-uploaded-media.s3.amazonaws.com/legacy_resources/growingsmart/pdf/LULZDFeb96.pdf

https://planning-org-uploaded-media.s3.amazonaws.com/legacy_resources/growingsmart/pdf/SZEnablingAct1926.pdf

Standard City Planning Enabling Act (SCPEA):

https://www.planning.org/growingsmart/enablingacts/

https://planning-org-uploaded-media.s3.amazonaws.com/legacy_resources/growingsmart/pdf/LULZDFeb96.pdf

Geez Wisconsin, you’re such an enabler.  You’re making all your first, second, and third tier cities feel like they can form Planning Commissions.  Oh, that’s intentional?  Well, it ended up being a great idea, especially when you consider the legacy that it left behind.

Wisconsin Planning Enabling Act (1909):

https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/1909/related/acts/162.pdf

https://www.law.du.edu/documents/rmlui/conference/powerpoints/2013/Meck-RMLUI-2-6-2013v2.pdf

https://www.planning.org/awards/landmarks/#Wisconsin

https://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/History/History-idx?type=HTML&rgn=div1&byte=439621224

In the future, the system must be first.  At least, that’s what Frederick Taylor thought when he devised his Scientific Management theory that ended up kicking off the City Efficient Movement. Efficient?  Maybe.  But was it all unicorns, roses, and rainbows?  

The Principles of Scientific Management by Frederick Winslow Taylor (1911):

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Principles_of_Scientific_Management

https://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/scientific-management/

Technical Advisory Corporation (First private planning consulting firm in 1913)

http://www-personal.umich.edu/~sdbest/up594/people/Gbford.htm

Harland Bartholomew (First full-time employee 1914):

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harland_Bartholomew

https://tclf.org/pioneer/harland-bartholomew

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10999922.2017.1306902?journalCode=mpin20