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Democracies, Politicians and the games they play have been known since ancient times. Remember Theron from the movie 300. Many(maybe not most) politicians are like Theron pretending to be Leonidas.
True test of a democracy is whether politicians can be criticised and taken down in verbal duels as any other man/woman. A true democracy is not a place where politicians(or their family) can get away with crimes.
Source of the quotation: Roberts, S.V. (1987) Reagan and the Russians: The joke’s on them, The New York Times. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/1987/08/21/us/washington-talk-reagan-and-the-russians-the-joke-s-on-them.html (Last Accessed by us: 20 April 2024).
During the time of the Mauryan Empire in India we see the rise of Qin Shi Huangdi in China after the period of Warring States. In Europe there were the Punic Wars that Roman Empire Won.
In India, Mauryan Empire saw further development of the second phase of Urbanisation that started in 6th century BC.
The Mauryan Economy was much ahead of much of rest of the world. They used currency had taxation and the state took it upon itself to build roads and infrastructure.
The products from India were seen in Egypt and Vietnam. All this was made possible due to the surplus agricultural wealth made possible by availability of Iron, furnaces and production of better quality Iron.
Administration of Mauryan Empire was complex. Megasthenes and Greek writers have called a it a centralised top down system. But this was probably not centralised when we use the term in the modern sense. It had 4 main administrative regions apart from the capital region. The military was well organised and there was a strong regulated bureaucracy. Senior officials were well paid. There were hierarchies but this also enabled a peaceful time for the people where agriculture, manufacturing and trade could flourish.
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The story of Ashoka the Great. The Emperor of the Mauryan Empire of India.
Among the 16 Janapadas, Magadha rose to the level of an empire. It started off as a small Janapada or a state in the southern banks of the mighty life giving Ganges river(Ganga). It had great dynasties like the Brihadratha, Haryanka(Bimbisara), Shishunaga and the Nandas. But it tasted true glory under the Mauryas, who expanded Magadhan Empire to much of modern day Indian subcontinent.
Chandra Gupta, the first ruler of Mauryan dynasty, was aided to power by the great strategic thinker Vishnugupta, also known as Chankaya and Kautilya. He was succeeded by Bindusara. Bindusara's death saw a four year long struggle for power that saw Ashoka rise to power.
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Hinduism has been a key identity marker, along with numerous others, of Indian Civilisation. Its more or less seen as a way of life. Its seen as old, ancient and evolving. It has numerous schools of thoughts without any rigid diktat. Different people have followed it in different ways across time and space.
How has India evolved?
Today its in a much better economic situation where most people get food to eat and have a place to live. Back in 1991, India opted for economic liberalisation under the leadership of Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao and Finance Minster Manmohan Singh. Dr Manmohan Singh bid farewell to the Parliament and Rajya Sabha today.
Emperor Ashoka had many children. He sent two of them to Sri Lanka to spread the message of non-violence, good governance and the message of Buddha.
These were son Mahendra and daughter Sanghamitra.
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