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Ch’i/Qi was a powerful state during the Warring States period of the Eastern Chou/Zhou. The King Min was so arrogant and incompetent that in 284bce, Ch’i was almost conquered. King Min was killed and his son went into hiding, where he met his future wife who became a brilliant ruler in her own right.
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戰國齊湣(閔)王無道,孤狐咺ㄒㄩㄢˇ、子陳諫而遇害,民眾不服,宗族離心。燕、秦、楚、三晉合謀伐齊,齊軍敗,湣王逃。到衛、鄒、魯,最後到莒。楚淖齒殺湣王,太子法章隱姓埋名逃到太史敫(嬓)家做園丁;后太史女兒賢良、慧眼識英雄,成為齊君王后,有幫夫運,治理齊貢獻極大,使齊度過難關。
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Liu Chunlin was born in 1872 to impoverished peasants in Hebei. Thanks to his hard work, he passed the Imperial Examinations with the highest score. The title for the person who won this honor was 狀元 Chuangyuan/Zhuangyuan, sometimes translated as optimus.
The following year, the Imperial Examinations were abolished, so Liu became the last Chuangyuan in history.
He is also a noted calligrapher.
This highlights a great difference between China and the West. Europe is very class conscious and has been ruled by aristocrats. In China, the Imperial Examinations were open to all, so many boys from dirt poor families rose to the very top of the government.
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清朝末年,河北肅寧貧苦農家子弟劉春霖苦讀有成,也寫一手好字。要應考,地方富人遊說廩生胡光簽擋他的路,仍然考上秀才了。到直隸最高學府蓮池書院,在院長吳汝綸教導下,到光緒卅三年,劉春霖成為科舉制度最後一名狀元。
晚年拜孫祿堂為師學孫式太極拳,也繼續寫字。臺中旱溪媽祖廟樂成宮留有手書「法雨宏施」匾額,落款「肅寧劉春霖敬書,霧峰林垂拱敬獻」。
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At the age of 43, a son of the royal family of Chin/Jin, Ch’unger/Chong’er, had to flee from his stepmother. He spent 19 years wandering, trying to find a safe place. He was rebuffed by his distant relative, the ruler of Cheng/Zheng, and he bore the grudge. Eventually he was established as the ruler of Chin by the ruler of Ch’in/Qin. In 630 BCE, Chin and Ch’in set out to obliterate Cheng, but Ch’in was dissuaded. Two years later, the ruler of Chin died, and Ch’in decided to take another shot at Cheng. It did not end well. The consequences of the campaign were far-reaching.
The original, in the Tsuo/Zuo chronicle, is beautifully written. We memorized it for Freshman Lit in college.
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晉王子姬重耳流亡,鄭伯不禮。秦穆公送重耳回國登位,為晉文公。西元前六三〇年,秦晉圍鄭。鄭大夫佚之狐推薦燭之武說服秦穆公班師撤軍。晉文公卒,秦將說可以攻鄭,蹇叔勸秦穆公不要遠征,秦穆公生氣,派人罵他。蹇叔知道秦軍到了殽,死定了。西元前六二七年春,鄭國商人弦高在滑國機智救鄭。秦軍找滑出氣。秦軍輕佻無禮,到殽果然大敗。晉襄公的夫人文嬴讓晉放了戰俘回家。秦穆公知道錯了。
左傳文筆精簡,故事精彩。大一國文背過這段,很生動。
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Princesses attract envy, but their lives may not be enviable. The second daughter of the Tang Emperor Su was married to Moyun Chur, the Khan of the Uyghurs in 758ce, as a reward for his service in the An Shi Rebellion. He died the next year, leaving her to face a serious predicament.
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安史之亂,突厥與回紇救了唐祚。為了賞功,西元七五八年唐肅宗將二女兒寧國公主嫁給了回紇的英武威遠可汗磨延啜Moyun Chur為可敦(王后)。但可汗逝世,公主面臨莫大的考驗,需要發揮智仁勇。
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A Neolithic ruler, Yü, diverted floods instead of damming them. This became a dominant idea in Chinese thought, that rather than damming floods or problems, you find the way for them to flow away.
子產 Tzech’an/ Zichan lived around 550bce. He was a great thinker who influenced Confucius. He lived by the ideal that government exists to serve the people, and not the other way around.
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本猩仰慕夏禹;他教我們遇到難題要疏導,不宜堵住。
居高位的人容易高傲,且應要謙虛、聽民眾的心聲。
子產,春秋鄭人,名僑,孔子欣賞的政治家。故事發生在西元前五四二年。
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From the publisher's feed
很喜歡聽故事,但很多精彩古今中外故事少為人知,所以在podcast講故事請大家聽。
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