Yr Hen Iaith

Yr Hen Iaith (Lefel A) - Llyfr Gwyn Rhydderch


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Mae’r bennod nesaf yn canolbwyntio ar y chwedl ‘Branwen ferch Llŷr’ (neu ‘Ail Gainc y Mabinogi’). Rydym ni’n paratoi ar gyfer y drafodaeth honno yn y bennod hon trwy edrych ar y llawysgrif gynharaf sy’n cynnwys copi cyflawn o’r chwedl, sef Llyfr Gwyn Rhydderch. Crëwyd y llawysgrif hon tua’r flwyddyn 1350 gan nifer o fynaich a oedd yn cydweithio ym mynachdy Ystrad Fflur yng Ngheredigion, a hynny, mae’n debyg, ar gyfer dyn o’r enw Rhydderch ab Ieuan Llwyd. Pwysleisiwn fod creu llawysgrif yn broses lafurus iawn a gymerai lawer o amser ac adnoddau a bod llawysgrif yn beth hynod werthfawr o’r herwydd. Roedd gwneuthurwyr llawysgrifau canoloesol felly’n dewis cynnwys eu ‘llyfrau’ yn ofalus iawn. Nodwn fod ‘Pedair Cainc y Mabinogi’ ymysg y ‘chwedlau brodorol’ a geir yn Llyfr Gwyn Rhydderch, gan ystyried hefyd y ffaith bod rhychwant eang o wahanol destunau wedi’u cynnwys yn y llawysgrif hefyd.
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The next episode focusses on the tale ‘Branwen daughter of Llŷr’ (or ‘The Second Branch of the Mabinogi’). We prepare for that discussion in this episode by looking at the earliest manuscript which contains a complete copy of the tale, namely the White Book of Rhydderch. This manuscript was created about the year 1350 by a number of monks working together in the monastery of Strata Florida in Ceredigion, most likely for a man named Rhydderch ab Ieuan Llwyd. We stress the fact that creating a manuscript was a very laborious process which took a lot of time and resources and that a manuscript was and is an extremely valuable thing because of that. The makers of medieval manuscripts thus chose the contents of their ‘books’ very carefully. We note that ‘The Four Branches of the Mabinogi’ are among the ‘native tales’ found in the White Book of Rhydderch, while also considering the fact that a wide selection of different texts is also included in the manuscript.
Cyflwynwyd gan: Yr Athro Jerry Hunter a'r Athro Richard Wyn Jones
Cynhyrchwyd gan: Richard Martin
Cerddoriaeth: 'Might Have Done' gan The Molenes
Deunydd perthnasol:
- Cewch weld copi digidol o’r holl lawysgrif ar wefan Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru: https://www.llyfrgell.cymru/darganfod-dysgu/arddangosfeydd-arlein/llawysgrifau/yr-oesoedd-canol/llyfr-gwyn-rhydderch
- Cewch glywed rhagor am greu llawysgrifau Cymraeg canoloesol yn y bennod hon yng nghyfres 1 Yr Hen Iaith: https://amam.cymru/yr-hen-iaith/pennod-2-y-llawysgrif-gymraeg-gyntaf-sydd-wedi-goroesi
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