In this episode, we explore how mitral regurgitation (MR) is categorized based on anatomy, leaflet motion, and acuity. Are the A1, A2, A3, P1, P2, P3 scallops/segments of the mitral valve named from medial to lateral or lateral to medial? What is the difference between primary and secondary MR, and what are the most common etiologies of each? How does the Carpentier classification system categorize MR into types I, II, and III, based on leaflet and chord motion? What distinct features of Barlow disease and fibroelastic deficiency contribute to type II MR, and how do they differ in presentation? How does acute severe MR differ from chronic MR in physical exam and Doppler echo findings? What are the characteristic findings of rheumatic and ischemic MR on echocardiography? Tune in for answers to these questions.

Difficulty Level: Intermediate

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