Philosopher Dr Vince Vitale presents some of his PhD research around evil, suffering and theodicy. He and Ruth Jackson share their own experiences of suffering miscarriages, demonstrating that this is not just a theoretical question of why there is pain, but a deeply practical one of how we are to deal with this agony.

• For more on Vince Vitale's research (open access title, which is free to read and download): https://global.oup.com/academic/product/non-identity-theodicy-9780198864226?cc=gb&lang=en&

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