Podcast: Rob Lyons speaks to Dr Shirley Lawes about the state of French politics and society
The world’s spotlight fell on France early this year with the
attacks on the offices of Charlie Hebdo. The subsequent wave of
solidarity, which rallied France around the slogan ‘Je suis Charlie’,
was heralded by many as a bold reassertion of the nation’s commitment to
the liberal values of the French Revolution. Indeed, Voltaire’s
‘Treatise on Tolerance’ climbed to the top of France’s bestseller list
in the wake of the attacks. These sentiments seemed to be confirmed by
President François Hollande’s address to the nation, where he defended
France’s ‘attachment to freedom of speech’ and said that ‘in France all
beliefs are respected’. Nevertheless, this apparent liberal zeal was
undermined by a government crackdown the same week, which resulted in
the arrest of dozens of people, including the controversial comedian
Dieudonné, for inflammatory remarks about the attacks on social media.
Does France really know what it stands for any more? A 2013 Ipsos
study found that half of French people believe their country is
suffering cultural and economic decline, and just a third believe their
democracy works well. France’s assimilationist policies have failed to
integrate large swathes of migrants, with the banlieues of major cities
becoming deprived immigrant ghettos existing very much outside
mainstream French society. And despite France having some of the
toughest hate-crime laws in Europe, it now records the highest number of
anti-Semitic attacks in the world, with a seven-fold increase in such
violence since the 1990s. Meanwhile, laïcité, or civic secularism,
originally intended to separate church and state, has come to be seen as
a veil for discrimination against Muslims, especially with bans on
A different kind of attempt to assert what are said to be French
values can be seen in the rise of the far-right Front National under
Marine Le Pen, which was the largest party in the 2014 European
Parliament elections and won over 2000 seats in this year’s local
government elections. Some commentators on the old left point to the
weakening of the state as the problem, others mourn what they see as the
end of working class solidarity and the rise of individualism.
President Hollande’s election slogan was ‘le changement, c’est
maintenant’ - change is now. So what really has changed in France, and
how will it face the future?
In this podcast Rob Lyons speaks to Dr Shirley Lawes about the state
of French politics and society ahead of the session she is chairing at
the Battle of Ideas: France:
liberté, égalité, fraternité today.
To find out more about this year’s festival and buy tickets visit the Battle of Ideas website.