Aging-US

Blog summary of a research paper published in Aging (Aging-US) Volume 15, Issue 4: "Aging and memory are altered by genetically manipulating lactate dehydrogenase in the neurons or glia of flies."

__________________________________________________________

The brain is a complex organ responsible for many critical functions, including the formation and retrieval of our memories. As we age, the brain undergoes changes that can affect cognitive abilities, including our memory. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie these changes is critical for developing therapies for age-related cognitive decline.

“Over the last two decades there has been growing recognition that lactate, the end product of glycolysis, serves many functions, including acting as a source of energy, a signaling molecule, and even as an epigenetic regulator.”

Lactate is a molecule that is produced during the metabolism of glucose in the body. It is a byproduct of anaerobic metabolism, which occurs when there is insufficient oxygen supply to meet the energy demands of the body. Lactate can be used as an energy source by some cells, such as the heart and skeletal muscles, and it can also be transported to the liver where it can be converted back into glucose.

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), on the other hand, is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate (the reverse reaction of lactate production) and is also involved in other metabolic processes. This enzyme is found in many tissues of the body, including the heart, liver and skeletal muscles, and is released into the bloodstream when tissues are damaged. LDH is often used as a diagnostic marker for various medical conditions, such as heart attacks, liver disease and certain cancers. High levels of LDH in the blood may indicate tissue damage or cell death, while low levels may indicate a deficiency in the enzyme.

Blog - https://aging-us.org/2023/03/fruit-flies-shed-new-light-on-memory-and-aging/

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204565

Corresponding authors - Ariel K. Frame - [email protected], and Robert C. Cumming - [email protected]

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article -

https://aging.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Faging.204565

Subscribe for free publication alerts from Aging - https://www.aging-us.com/subscribe-to-toc-alerts

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/

Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl

Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/

YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@AgingJournal

LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/

Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

Aging (listed by MEDLINE/PubMed as "Aging (Albany NY)" and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) published a new research paper in Volume 15, Issue 4, entitled, “Isoform-specific effects of neuronal repression of the AMPK catalytic subunit on cognitive function in aged mice.”

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) functions as a molecular sensor that plays a critical role in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis. Dysregulation of the AMPK signaling has been linked to synaptic failure and cognitive impairments. In a recent study, researchers Xueyan Zhou, Wenzhong Yang, Xin Wang, and Tao Ma from Wake Forest University School of Medicine demonstrated abnormally increased AMPK activity in the hippocampus of aged mice. The kinase catalytic subunit of AMPK exists in two isoforms α1 and α2, and their specific roles in aging-related cognitive deficits are unknown.

“Taking advantage of the unique transgenic mice (AMPKα1/α2 cKO) recently developed by our group, we investigated how isoform-specific suppression of the neuronal AMPKα may contribute to the regulation of cognitive and synaptic function associated with aging.”

The team found that aging-related impairment of long-term object recognition memory was improved with suppression of AMPKα1 but not AMPKα2 isoform. Moreover, aging-related spatial memory deficits were unaltered with suppression of either AMPKα isoform. Biochemical experiments showed that the phosphorylation levels of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 α subunit (eIF2α) were specifically decreased in the hippocampus of the AMPKα1 cKO mice. They further performed large-scale unbiased proteomics analysis and revealed identities of proteins whose expression is differentially regulated with AMPKα isoform suppression. These novel findings may provide insights into the roles of AMPK signaling pathway in cognitive aging.

“In summary, the current study reported that suppression of neuronal AMPKα1 isoform can improve aging-related impairments of long-term recognition memory.”

Full Paper: DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204554

Corresponding Author: Tao Ma - [email protected]

Keywords: AMPK, aging, protein synthesis, learning and memory, proteomics

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article: https://aging.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Faging.204554

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/

Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl

Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/

YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@AgingJournal

LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/

Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

Media Contact

18009220957

Aging (listed as "Aging (Albany NY)" by MEDLINE/PubMed and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) published a new review paper in Volume 15, Issue 4, entitled, “Cellular senescence: when growth stimulation meets cell cycle arrest.”

In this review, researcher Mikhail V. Blagosklonny, M.D., Ph.D., from Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center discusses cellular senescence—a natural process that occurs as cells age and eventually stop dividing. Recent research has revealed that cellular senescence can also be triggered by hypertrophy and hyperfunctions.

“At the very moment of cell-cycle arrest, the cell is not senescent yet. For several days in cell culture, the arrested cell is acquiring a senescent phenotype. What is happening during this geroconversion? Cellular enlargement (hypertrophy) and hyperfunctions (lysosomal and hyper-secretory) are hallmarks of geroconversion.”

In his comprehensive review paper, Dr. Blagosklonny explores the complex relationship between growth stimulation and cell cycle arrest in cellular senescence. He discusses the various mechanisms that can lead to senescence, markers of senescence and geroconversion, and the importance of understanding these mechanisms and markers in the development of anti-aging drugs.

“The same pathways that drive geroconversion are involved in organismal aging and age-related diseases. The same drugs that slow down geroconversion also extend lifespan, as tested in animals so far. Targets of gerostatics (e.g., mTOR, PI3K) are involved in aging of animals from worms to mammals. Therefore, gerostatics are anti-aging drugs. The model of geroconversion is useful to discover anti-aging drugs.”

Dr. Blagosklonny is a renowned expert in the field of aging research. He has focused on the molecular mechanisms of aging, the hyperfunction theory of aging and the development of new drugs to combat age-related diseases. Dr. Blagosklonny’s research, perspectives and reviews have made significant contributions to our understanding of aging.

Full Paper: DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204543

Corresponding Author: Mikhail V. Blagosklonny - [email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: rapamycin, mTOR, hyperfunction theory of aging, cell volume and enlargement, gerogenic conversion

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article: https://aging.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Faging.204543

A new research paper was published on the cover of Aging (Aging-US) Volume 15, Issue 4, entitled, “Relationship between telomere shortening and early subjective depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints in older adults.”

Telomere length (TL) has been reported to be associated with depression and cognitive impairment in elderly. Early detection of depression and cognitive impairment is important to delay disease progression. Therefore, in this new study, researchers Myung-Hoon Han, Eun-Hye Lee2, Hyun-Hee Park, Seong Hye Choi, and Seong-Ho Koh from Hanyang University and Inha University aimed to identify whether TL is associated with early subjective depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints among healthy elderly subjects.

“Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the emergence of a prematurely aged phenotype in late-life depression, such as glucocorticoid cascade dysregulation, increased allostatic load, and telomere shortening [10, 12].”

This study was a multicenter, outcome assessor-blinded, 24-week, randomized controlled trial (RCT). Measurement of questionnaire and physical activity scores and blood sample analyses were performed at baseline and after six months of follow-up in all study participants. Linear regression analyses were performed to identify whether early subjective depressive symptoms, cognitive complaints, and several blood biomarkers are associated with TL.

Altogether, 137 relatively healthy elderly individuals (60–79 years old) were enrolled in this prospective RCT. The team observed an approximate decrease of 0.06 and 0.11−0.14 kbps of TL per one point increase in the geriatric depression scale and cognitive complaint interview scores, respectively, at baseline and after six months of follow-up. They also found an approximate decrease of 0.08−0.09 kbps of TL per one point increase in interleukin (IL)-6 levels at baseline and after six months of follow-up.

“In conclusion, we showed that both early subjective depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints in relatively healthy elderly individuals were associated with a relatively shorter TL in the randomized controlled prospective SUPERBRAIN study. In addition, a shorter TL was associated with increased IL-6 levels in our study participants. We believe that IL-6, an inflammatory cytokine, plays an important role in the relationship of shortening TL with early subjective depressive mood and cognitive complaints. Although the results will need to be verified through a large-scale RCT in the future, we believe that our findings will help prevent and treat depression and cognitive impairment in the healthy elderly.”

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204533

Corresponding Authors: Seong Hye Choi - [email protected], Seong-Ho Koh - [email protected]

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article: https://aging.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Faging.204533

Keywords - aging, telomere length, cognitive complaint, depressive symptom, interleukin-6

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/

Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl

Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/

YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@AgingJournal

LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/

Listen to a blog summary of a trending research paper published in Volume 15, Issue 3 of Aging (Aging-US), entitled, "The lipidomes of C. elegans with mutations in asm-3/acid sphingomyelinase and hyl-2/ceramide synthase show distinct lipid profiles during aging."

__________________________________________________

Lipids are a diverse group of biomolecules that are essential for life, including fats, oils, waxes, and steroids, and play crucial roles in cell membrane structure, energy storage and signaling. Lipidomics is the comprehensive analysis of lipids and their interactions in biological systems, with an aim to understand the role of lipids in cellular processes and their association with diseases. As we age, our cells undergo complex changes, including alterations in cellular lipid profiles. These changes are not only confined to humans; organisms such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) are also subject to changes in lipid composition during aging.

“For example, lipid classes including fatty acids (FA), triacylglycerols (TAG), sphingolipids (SL), and phospholipids (PL) have been identified as targets in lipid signatures related to aging [2, 3]. Furthermore, specific signatures are detected in the lipid profiles of those with age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer’s Disease [4–9]. In addition, the abundance of many fatty acid subtypes differs between the youth, elderly, and centenarians [10, 11].”

In a recent study, researchers Trisha A. Staab, Grace McIntyre, Lu Wang, Joycelyn Radeny, Lisa Bettcher, Melissa Guillen, Margaret P. Peck, Azia P. Kalil, Samantha P. Bromley, Daniel Raftery, and Jason P. Chan from Marian University, the University of Washington and Juniata College investigate the lipid profiles of C. elegans with mutations in the genes asm-3/acid sphingomyelinase and hyl-2/ceramide synthase during aging. On February 13, 2023, their research paper was published in Aging’s Volume 15, Issue 3, entitled, “The lipidomes of C. elegans with mutations in asm-3/acid sphingomyelinase and hyl-2/ceramide synthase show distinct lipid profiles during aging.”

Full blog - https://aging-us.org/2023/02/the-role-of-lipids-in-aging-insights-from-c-elegans/

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204515

Corresponding author - Jason P. Chan - [email protected]

Keywords - lipidomics, aging, sphingolipid metabolism, C. elegans, fatty acid metabolism

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/

Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl

Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/

YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@AgingJournal

LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/

Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

Media Contact

18009220957

A new research paper was published in Aging (listed as "Aging (Albany NY)" by MEDLINE/PubMed and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) Volume 15, Issue 3, entitled, “Metformin use history and genome-wide DNA methylation profile: potential molecular mechanism for aging and longevity.”

Metformin, a commonly prescribed anti-diabetic medication, has repeatedly been shown to hinder aging in pre-clinical models and to be associated with lower mortality for humans. It is, however, not well understood how metformin can potentially prolong lifespan from a biological standpoint.

In this recent study, researchers Pedro S. Marra, Takehiko Yamanashi, Kaitlyn J. Crutchley, Nadia E. Wahba, Zoe-Ella M. Anderson, Manisha Modukuri, Gloria Chang, Tammy Tran, Masaaki Iwata, Hyunkeun Ryan Cho, and Gen Shinozaki from Stanford University School of Medicine, University of Iowa, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Medicine, and Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine hypothesized that metformin’s potential mechanism of action for longevity is through its epigenetic modifications.

“To test our hypothesis, we conducted a post-hoc analysis of available genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) data obtained from whole blood collected from inpatients with and without a history of metformin use.”

The researchers assessed the methylation profile of 171 patients (first run) and only among 63 diabetic patients (second run) and compared the DNAm rates between metformin users and nonusers. Enrichment analysis from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) showed pathways relevant to metformin’s mechanism of action, such as longevity, AMPK and inflammatory pathways. They also identified several pathways related to delirium whose risk factor is aging. Moreover, top hits from the Gene Ontology (GO) included HIF-1α pathways. However, no individual CpG site showed genome-wide statistical significance (p < 5E-08).

“This study may elucidate metformin’s potential role in longevity through epigenetic modifications and other possible mechanisms of action.”

Read the Full Paper: DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204498

Corresponding Author: Gen Shinozaki - [email protected]

Keywords: metformin, longevity, diabetes, epigenetics, aging, inflammation, methylation

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article: https://aging.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Faging.204498

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/

Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl

Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/

YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/agingus​

LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/

Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

Media Contact

18009220957

Crossref is a non-profit organization that logs and updates citations for scientific publications. Below are Crossref’s Top 10 Aging DOIs in 2022.

10: DNA- and telomere-damage does not limit lifespan: evidence from rapamycin

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.202674

Author: Mikhail V. Blagosklonny

9: Psychological factors substantially contribute to biological aging: evidence from the aging rate in Chinese older adults

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204264

Authors: Fedor Galkin, Kirill Kochetov, Diana Koldasbayeva, Manuel Faria, Helene H. Fung, Amber X. Chen, and Alex Zhavoronkov

8: DNA methylation GrimAge strongly predicts lifespan and healthspan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.101684

Authors: Ake T. Lu, Austin Quach, James G. Wilson, Alex P. Reiner, Abraham Aviv, Kenneth Raj, Lifang Hou, Andrea A. Baccarelli, Yun Li, James D. Stewart, Eric A. Whitsel, Themistocles L. Assimes, Luigi Ferrucci, and Steve Horvath

7: Hallmarks of aging-based dual-purpose disease and age-associated targets predicted using PandaOmics AI-powered discovery engine

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203960

Authors: Frank W. Pun, Geoffrey Ho Duen Leung, Hoi Wing Leung, Bonnie Hei Man Liu, Xi Long, Ivan V. Ozerov, Ju Wang, Feng Ren, Alexander Aliper, Evgeny Izumchenko, Alexey Moskalev, João Pedro de Magalhães, and Alex Zhavoronkov

6: CircRNA_100367 regulated the radiation sensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas through miR-217/Wnt3 pathway

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.102580

Authors: Junqi Liu, Nannan Xue, Yuexin Guo, Kerun Niu, Liang Gao, Song Zhang, Hao Gu, Xin Wang, Di Zhao, and Ruitai Fan

5: Five years of exercise intervention at different intensities and development of white matter hyperintensities in community dwelling older adults, a Generation 100 sub-study

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203843

Authors: Anette Arild, Torgil Vangberg, Hanne Nikkels, Stian Lydersen, Ulrik Wisløff, Dorthe Stensvold, and Asta K. Håberg

4: The aging-related risk signature in colorectal cancer

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.202589

Authors: Taohua Yue, Shanwen Chen, Jing Zhu, Shihao Guo, Zhihao Huang, Pengyuan Wang, Shuai Zuo, and Yucun Liu

3: An epigenetic biomarker of aging for lifespan and healthspan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.101414

Authors: Morgan E. Levine, Ake T. Lu, Austin Quach, Brian H. Chen, Themistocles L. Assimes, Stefania Bandinelli, Lifang Hou, Andrea A. Baccarelli, James D. Stewart, Yun Li, Eric A. Whitsel, James G Wilson, Alex P Reiner, Abraham Aviv, Kurt Lohman, Yongmei Liu, Luigi Ferrucci, and Steve Horvath

2: Nrf2 inhibits ferroptosis and protects against acute lung injury due to intestinal ischemia reperfusion via regulating SLC7A11 and HO-1

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.103378

Authors: Hui Dong, Zhuanzhuan Qiang, Dongdong Chai, Jiali Peng, Yangyang Xia, Rong Hu, and Hong Jiang

1: Optimizing future well-being with artificial intelligence: self-organizing maps (SOMs) for the identification of islands of emotional stability

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204061

Authors: Fedor Galkin, Kirill Kochetov, Michelle Keller, Alex Zhavoronkov, and Nancy Etcoff

____________________

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​.

A new research paper was published in Aging (listed as "Aging (Albany NY)" by MEDLINE/PubMed and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) Volume 15, Issue 3, entitled, “Epigenetic age and lung cancer risk in the CLUE II prospective cohort study.”

Epigenetic age, a robust marker of biological aging, has been associated with obesity, low-grade inflammation and metabolic diseases. However, few studies have examined associations between different epigenetic age measures and risk of lung cancer, despite great interest in finding biomarkers to assist in risk stratification for lung cancer screening.

In a recent study, researchers Dominique S. Michaud, Mei Chung, Naisi Zhao, Devin C. Koestler, Jiayun Lu, Elizabeth A. Platz, and Karl T. Kelsey from Tufts University, University of Kansas Medical Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, and Brown University conducted a nested case-control analysis of 208 lung cancer cases and 208 matched controls with archived pre-diagnostic blood samples (from 1989). The case-control study is nested in the CLUE II cohort study, a predominantly White cohort of men and women, based in Maryland, USA.

“It is important to examine whether epigenetic age is associated with lung cancer risk across multiple prospective studies to determine its utility as a potential biomarker to be considered for risk stratification in the selection of high-risk individuals for lung cancer screening.”

Prediagnostic blood samples were collected in 1989 (CLUE II study baseline) and stored at −70°C. DNA was extracted from buffy coat and DNA methylation levels were measured using Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip Arrays. Three epigenetic age acceleration (i.e., biological age is greater than chronological age) measurements (Horvath, Hannum and PhenoAge) were examined in relation to lung cancer risk using conditional logistic regression. The researchers did not observe associations between the three epigenetic age acceleration measurements and risk of lung cancer overall; however, inverse associations for the two Hannum age acceleration measures (intrinsic and extrinsic) were observed in men and among younger participants, but not in women or older participants. Additionally, they did not observe effect modification by time from blood draw to diagnosis.

“Findings from this study do not support a positive association between three different biological age acceleration measures and risk of lung cancer. Additional studies are needed to address whether epigenetic age is associated with lung cancer in never smokers.”

Read the Full Paper: DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204501

Corresponding Author: Dominique S. Michaud - [email protected]

Keywords: DNA methylation, epigenetic clocks, lung cancer, cohort study

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article: https://aging.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Faging.204501

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/

Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl

Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/

YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@AgingJournal

LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/

Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

A new research paper was published on the cover of Aging (listed as "Aging (Albany NY)" by Medline/PubMed and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) Volume 15, Issue 3, entitled, “Immune-mediated platelet depletion augments Alzheimer’s disease neuropathological hallmarks in APP-PS1 mice.”

In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), platelets become dysfunctional and might contribute to amyloid beta deposition. In a recent study, researchers Diana M. Bessa de Sousa, Ariane Benedetti, Barbara Altendorfer, Heike Mrowetz, Michael S. Unger, Katharina Schallmoser, Ludwig Aigner, and Kathrin Maria Kniewallner from Paracelsus Medical University and Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration in Austria depleted platelets in one-year-old APP Swedish PS1 dE9 (APP-PS1) transgenic mice for five days, using intraperitoneal injections of an anti-CD42b antibody, and assessed changes in cerebral amyloidosis, plaque-associated neuritic dystrophy and gliosis.

“The potential role of platelets in amyloid beta deposition led to the hypothesis that reducing platelet numbers might ameliorate AD pathology [30]. Here, we performed immune-mediated platelet depletion in APP-PS1 mice with an already fully developed amyloidosis and investigated its effects on classical hallmarks of AD: amyloid plaque pathology, plaque-associated neuritic dystrophy and gliosis.”

In APP-PS1 female mice, platelet depletion shifted amyloid plaque size distribution towards bigger plaques and increased neuritic dystrophy in the hippocampus. In platelet-depleted females, plaque-associated Iba1+ microglia had lower amounts of fibrillar amyloid beta cargo and GFAP+ astrocytic processes showed a higher overlap with thioflavin S+ amyloid plaques. In contrast to the popular hypothesis that platelets foster plaque pathology, data from this study suggest that platelets might limit plaque growth and attenuate plaque-related neuritic dystrophy at advanced stages of amyloid plaque pathology in APP-PS1 female mice. Whether the changes in amyloid plaque pathology are due to a direct effect on amyloid beta deposition or are a consequence of altered glial function needs to be further elucidated.

“In APP-PS1 females, acute thrombocytopenia aggravates AD neuropathology, suggesting that platelets might have a protective function in AD. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which platelets modulate amyloid plaque deposition remain elusive and need to be investigated in future experiments.”

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204502

Corresponding Author: Kathrin Maria Kniewallner - [email protected]

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, platelets, amyloid-beta, microglia, astrocytes

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article: https://aging.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Faging.204502

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/

Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl

Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/

YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@AgingJournal

LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/

Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

Media Contact

18009220957

Blog summary of "Epigenetic age acceleration correlates with BMI in young adults" published in Volume 15, Issue 2 of Aging (Aging-US).

___________________________________________

While the study of genetics focuses on heredity and alterations in the genetic code itself, epigenetics refers to the changes in gene expression that occur as a result of environmental or lifestyle factors. Advances in epigenetic research have allowed measures of DNA methylation (DNAm) (epigenetic clocks) to illustrate clear links between obesity, accelerated epigenetic aging and a variety of negative health outcomes in older adults. Despite these advances, there is a lack of research about these correlations and sex-based variations among young adults. The ability to detect accelerated epigenetic aging in young adulthood could potentially be used to prevent the onset of chronic diseases and improve health outcomes later in life.

“Moreover, few studies have included replication across measures of obesity and epigenetic aging to examine the robustness or specificity of these effects. Finally, little is known about sex differences in the links between obesity and epigenetic aging, despite evidence of substantial sex dimorphism in both physiological and epigenetic aging [20].”

In a recent study, researchers Christy Anne Foster, Malcolm Barker-Kamps, Marlon Goering, Amit Patki, Hemant K. Tiwari, and Sylvie Mrug from the University of Alabama at Birmingham’s Department of Pediatrics examined the relationship between obesity and measures of DNAm in young adults. They also investigated whether there is a sex-dependant correlation between obesity and DNAm in young adults. On January 18, 2023, their research paper was published in Aging’s Volume 15, Issue 2, and entitled, “Epigenetic age acceleration correlates with BMI in young adults.”

Full blog - https://aging-us.org/2023/02/bmi-correlates-with-accelerated-epigenetic-aging-in-young-adults/

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204492

Corresponding author - Christy Anne Foster - [email protected]

Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article -

https://aging.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Faging.204492

Keywords - obesity, epigenetic aging, young adult, DNA methylation, epigenetic acceleration

About Aging-US

Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.

Please visit our website at https://www.Aging-US.com​​ and connect with us:

SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/

Twitter - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl

Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/

YouTube - https://youtube.com/Aging-US

LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/

Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/

Media Contact

18009220957