AJR Podcasts

Generative artificial intelligence tools are being increasingly used in radiology reporting. Alan Gao, MD, discusses this article by Dogra et al. that explores the role of supervised fine-tuning corpus composition in impacting management-guidance behavior in these tools' generated impressions.

Full article: Training Corpus Composition Independently Affects Positive and Negative Guidance in Artificial Intelligence–Generated Chest CT Impressions: A Dose-Response Study

When community practice meets the academic enterprise, opportunities and tensions can emerge in unexpected ways. Alan Woronoff, MD, speaks with cohosts Winnie Hahn, MD, and Elizabeth Hecht, MD, about his transition from private practice to an academically affiliated health system, exploring inclusion, influence, community versus academic priorities, subspecialization, productivity, professional growth, and lessons for radiologists and leaders. Listen to their discussion in episode 4 of Mentorship Unfiltered, an AJR Podcast Series.

Clinical data drive meaningful research, but access comes with responsibility. Andrea Doria, MD PhD, speaks with host Amit Gupta, MD, about navigating research ethics, informed consent, deidentification, dataset bias, responsible data sharing, and patient trust. Listen to their discussion in episode 4 of The Early-Career Researcher's Playbook, an AJR Podcast Series.

*Key Takeaways

Ethics as Good Science: Ethical guidelines are not administrative obstacles. They are an integral part of responsible data stewardship and maintaining the trust patients place in the healthcare system.

The Consent Misconception: Retrospective studies do not automatically bypass patient consent. Only the ethics board can grant a waiver of consent, for example for scenarios with large unreachable patient populations.

Anonymization vs. De-identification: Removing a name is merely anonymization. True de-identification requires scrubbing private DICOM metadata, redacting burned-in pixels on ultrasounds, and accounting for 3D reconstructions that might reveal unique physical patient characteristics.

External Data Sharing: Before uploading clinical data to external cloud platforms or AI tools, institutions should establish strict Data Transfer Agreements detailing storage protocols, access rights, and data deletion timelines.

Scope Creep and Amendments: Reusing an existing dataset to answer a new research question unapproved by the IRB is an ethical violation. Researchers must submit an amendment or a new application to the ethics board before shifting the scope of their study.

*Chapters

0:00 - Welcome

02:21 - When Ethics Approval Starts

04:40 - Consent and Waivers

09:26 - Deidentifying Imaging Data

12:48 - Sharing Data Externally

15:31 - Bias and Representation

18:41 - Stewardship Beyond Rules

21:30 - Reusing Data and Amendments

26:34 - Quick Fire Playbook

33:23 - Final Takeaways

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*These sections were generated using artificial intelligence (Descript and Google Gemini) and then reviewed for accuracy.

Unsuccessful FFRCT analysis can be influenced by the underlying CT technology used. Radhika Rajeev, MD, discusses the article by Balasubramanian et al. exploring causes of such rejected analyses for two CT scanners.

Full article: FFRCT Analysis Rejections: Comparison of Frequency and Associated Factors Between Two CT Scanners

Every radiologist can name the career decisions that worked out. Almost nobody talks about the ones that did not. Peter S. Moskowitz, MD, a pediatric radiologist turned physician career coach, speaks with hosts Surbhi Raichandani, MD, and Sherry Wang, MBBS, about burnout, sunk costs, and what comes after a wrong turn. Listen to their discussion in episode 4 of Difficult Conversations, an AJR Podcast Series.

https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.26.36011

*Key Takeaways

The Second Career: A physician's primary job is clinical excellence, but a secondary job is active career self-management, which requires finding trusted mentors and being vulnerable enough to ask for help.

The 4 D's of Transition: Recognizing the need for a career pivot may begin with identifying William Bridges' four D's of transition endings: disengagement, disidentification, disenchantment, and disorientation.

Proactive "Protirement": True retirement planning or "protirement" should begin the first day of your first paying job, involving professional financial planners and your significant other to align your long-term vision.

*Chapters

0:00 - Welcome

3:51 - Tenure Setback and Toxic Practice

5:23 - Burnout to Coaching

6:58 - Return to Academia

8:44 - Lessons From Career Transitions

12:29 - Career Resilience

14:14 - The Moment Burnout Hit

16:40 - Golden Handcuffs and Wrong Paths

19:42 - Why Burnout Happens

22:06 - Greed and Leadership Voice

26:37 - Advice for Early Attendings

31:32 - How CPPR Coaching Works

34:17 - Protirement Plan Early

39:52 - Radiologist-Centered Imaging

43:08 - Wellness Progress and What Next

49:29 - AI Efficiency Burnout Myth

55:52 - One Sentence Advice and Takeaways

59:00 - Closing

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*These sections were generated using artificial intelligence (Descript and Google Gemini) and then reviewed for accuracy.

How can radiology practices evaluate AI-generated patient friendly reports in a standardized manner? Antonino Andrea Blandino, MD, discusses the article by Armstrong et al. describing a quality assessment rubric for grading such reports.

Full article: A Quality Assessment Rubric for Artificial Intelligence–Generated Patient-Friendly Radiology Reports

Imaging utilization may not be the main driver of imaging's carbon footprint. Joel Samuel, MD, discusses the article by Paul et al. on the role of grid carbon intensity in shaping variations in imaging-related greenhouse gas emissions.

Full article: Same Scan, Different Footprint: Does the Power Grid Matter More Than How Much We Image?

What do you do when images tell a different story? Bharti Khurana, MD, MBA, speaks with cohosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, and Amy Maduram, MD, about her journey from the reading room to the forefront of artificial intelligence innovation, transforming the way we identify and support survivors of intimate partner violence. Listen to their discussion in episode 4 of Extreme Radiology, an AJR Podcast Series.

https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.26.35966

*Key Takeaways

The Longitudinal Biomarker: There is no single characteristic injury that defines intimate partner violence (IPV). Instead, the true warning sign is a longitudinal pattern of trauma over time, including target injuries to the head and face, defensive injuries to the upper extremities, and neck injuries from strangulation.

Protecting the Patient Portal: Radiologists should not write "suspicious for IPV" in a formal imaging report because the partner may be monitoring the patient's electronic records. Radiologists should objectively describe the injuries in the text and directly call the referring clinician to raise abuse suspicions.

The "Pickle Jar" of Disclosure: If a case is flagged and the patient denies the abuse, the radiologist should not feel that they have failed. Reporting IPV is like opening a tight pickle jar; each safe conversation loosens the lid until the patient is finally ready and empowered to disclose their situation.

Humanizing Medicine with AI: The AIRS tool uses computational analysis to flag high probability IPV risk, which allows clinicians to better dedicate appointment times toward empathetic, trauma-informed conversations.

Bias as a Strength: Critics initially warned that radiologists could not diagnose IPV because they may not see the patient's socioeconomic background in the reading room. However, this is also a source of strength, allowing radiologists to report objective findings without certain potential implicit biases.

*Chapters

0:00 - Welcome and Content Warning

2:46 - Why Study IPV in Radiology

6:17 - Imaging Clues and Patterns

8:03 - Longitudinal Data and Integration

9:19 - Gender Differences and Misconceptions

14:33 - Reporting Safely in the EMR Era

19:00 - The Longitudinal Biomarker Eureka Moment

22:56 - AI That Prompts Human Care

25:21 - AIRS Workflow and Future Tools

30:25 - Collaboration and Leaving the Silo

34:47 - Handling Criticism and Staying Motivated

38:12 - What Trainees Should Know

41:52 - Closing Takeaways

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*These sections were generated using artificial intelligence (Descript and Google Gemini) and then reviewed for accuracy.

What are drivers of stress and satisfaction in the radiology workplace? Pranjal Rai, MD, discusses this article by Ayyala et al. that explores this issue among radiologists, technologists, nurses, and other staff.

Full article: Sources of Work-Related Stress and Satisfaction in Radiology: A Survey of Faculty, Technologists, Nurses, and Other Staff

The combination of photon-counting CT and low-keV VMI has the potential to aid bladder cancer local stage Anna Lo Verde, MD, discusses the prospective study by Wang et al. exploring this combination for detecting muscle invasion.

Full article: Photon-Counting CT With Low-keV Virtual Monoenergetic Images for Detecting Muscle Invasion in Bladder Cancer: A Prospective Study