The provided sources offer an extensive analysis of ten leading S&P 500 companies, evaluating their financial performance over a decade using a strict value investing framework. This framework applies three core metrics: the 10 Cap rate, Margin of Safety, and Payback Time, treating businesses like income-producing real estate. The analysis identifies a significant disparity between current market valuations and the "buy prices" derived from these conservative metrics, concluding that most of these market titans are not investable under such stringent conditions. It highlights a fundamental divergence between growth-oriented market sentiment and a deep-value investment philosophy that prioritizes immediate cash yield and statistical safety. The sources also detail the historical Owner Earnings, 10 Cap rates, and Payback Times for each company, noting the challenges of applying this framework to highly volatile or rapidly growing businesses like Amazon and Tesla, or financial institutions like JPMorgan Chase.