Breakpoint

New evidence, reports Nathan Steinmeyer of the Biblical Archaeology Society, is confirming the biblical description of the kingdom of Judah as it existed in King David's time. This is significant, according to Steinmeyer, because "[d]espite King David's prominence in the Hebrew Bible, little archaeological evidence has been directly linked to the early years of the Kingdom of Judah." Because of this apparent discrepancy between the archeological record and the biblical description of the region during the 10th-century B.C., "some scholars have argued that Judah only became a developed polity in the ninth or even eighth century B.C.E."

Recently, however, an article published in the Jerusalem Journal of Archaeology by renowned Hebrew University archeologist Yosef Garfinkel, whose team has been digging four major sites in the Judean foothills since 2007, makes claims that "completely transforms the state of research." Newly exposed settlement layers reveal a number of population centers with writing, housing, and casemate [or double] city walls, which form the kind of fortified cities described in 1 and 2 Samuel. These cities, at Khirbet Qeiyafa, Khirbet el-Ra'i, Socoh, and Lachish may have been the nucleus of the kingdom of Judah. Furthermore, Garfinkel notes, the ancient city of Hebron makes an ideal center point for this kingdom and matches the biblical record, which states that David was crowned in Hebron and only later moved to Jerusalem seven years into his reign.

A number of other findings from these sites also confirm the biblical narrative. Rectangular beams in groups of three match descriptions of Solomon's palace and temple and indicate that the pattern was used at the time of King Solomon's reign. Tenth-century fortifications in the city of Lachish correspond to the biblical account of King Rehoboam. The Judean city of Khirbet Qeiyafa sits across the Elah Valley from the major Philistine city of Gath—matching descriptions of conflict between the House of David and these neighbors.

Contra the widely accepted scholarly claims of the 1990s, which argued that Judea was "empty of population" in the time described by the Bible, Garfinkel's findings suggest that 10th-century Judea was a young, expanding kingdom.

Archaeological work is complicated and often incomplete. Still, it is remarkable how often the evidence, even as it piles up, confirms biblical accounts of history. According to Jewish archeologist Nelson Gluek, "It may be stated categorically that no archaeological discovery has ever controverted a Biblical reference." This, even as "[s]cores of archaeological findings have been made which confirm in clear outline or exact detail historical statements in the Bible."

The reason archeological confirmation matters is because Christianity is uniquely grounded in history as it actually happened. Some religions, like Buddhism or Hinduism, are insulated from verifiable tests of logic, reason, or human history, claiming to reveal only spiritual truths. Other religions, such as Islam, ground some traditions in history while making its central claims, such as the inspiration of the Qur'an, an article of pure faith. (For the record, the claim the Qur'an has been perfectly preserved fails even basic challenges of historical and textual criticism.)

While these other belief systems are "non-falsifiable," meaning they are so far removed from the world of evidence it is impossible to show whether they're true or false, Christianity claims that its most important events, particularly the events of Israel and the life of Jesus Christ, actually happened. The events of the Bible occurred in actual history and are open to historical scrutiny—most notably the death and resurrection of Jesus.

Otherwise, the apostles Peter and Paul made clear, we are left with only cleverly devised myths and faith that is futile. Christians need not fear rigorous scholarship, especially not the booming world of ancient archeology. The more we dig into the dirt of history, the more we are reminded that God has always been, and remains today, active in the world He made.

For more resources to live like a Christian in this cultural moment, visit Colsoncenter.org

According to a recent report on the online source FiveThirtyEight, the Dobbs decision has made a big difference.

"There were almost 94,000 fewer abortions in states that implemented bans post-Dobbs, just between July and March," author Amelia Thomson-DeVeaux summarized in a Twitter thread. "Almost 100k affected and that's not even the full year." And, in states without bans, "Abortions rose by ~70,000." In other words, the Dobbs decision from the U.S. Supreme Court that overturned Roe v. Wade and returned the abortion decision back to the states has meant a net decrease of 24,000 abortions nationwide.

Some bans have had a more significant impact than others. For example, abortion in states that "have banned abortion after six weeks ... [abortions] tend to drop by 50-60%. If that happened in FL, where a six-week ban is pending, we could be talking about 4k fewer abortions MONTHLY."

To be clear, Thomson-DeVeaux is alarmed by these numbers.

At the same time, data points to huge shifts in how abortion is attained in America, most notably abortion tourism and an uptick in chemical abortions. So, the work continues. And yet, it is safe to say that elections matter.

For more resources to live like a Christian in this cultural moment, visit Colsoncenter.org

In the Epic of Gilgamesh, written over 4,000 years ago, Enkidu, the great friend of the demigod Gilgamesh, dies. Afraid of death, Gilgamesh asks the sage Utnapishtim, the only survivor of the Great Flood, about the secret to immortality. Utnapishtim gives Gilgamesh a number of tasks, all of which he fails. But that was the point. Gilgamesh learned that immortality is beyond his grasp and returns to Uruk to live out the rest of his life as king.

The first emperor of China was Shi Huang Di. Buried in a tomb decorated with the famous terracotta soldiers, he also feared death and called on Chinese alchemists to create an elixir that would allow him to live forever. The alchemists believed they could make immortality possible through a perfect balance of the five elements: water, wood, fire, earth, and metal. Unfortunately for the emperor, the elixir contained mercury (because it is both a liquid and a metal), which likely contributed to the emperor's death.

Attempts to achieve immortality have continued (and continued to fail) right up to our own time. Medieval European alchemists believed they could produce "the philosopher's stone," which would perfect the imperfect, turning lead into gold and making mortal life immortal. Enlightenment thinkers of the late 18th century rejected the mysticism of alchemy but continued to speculate about the means to attain physical immortality. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein was written as a cautionary tale about scientific hubris, in response to the more modern attempts of medicine and biology to preserve, extend, and improve life.

Today, the quest for immortality continues. Through cryogenics, freshly deceased persons or animals are frozen, their blood replaced with "medical grade antifreeze" to prevent ice crystals from destroying cells. So, the idea goes, once medical technology is able to heal whatever caused their deaths, these creatures can be thawed, healed, and restored to life, possibly with additional enhancements. This approach assumes, among other things, that life and memory can be repaired if the body is repaired and the heart restarted.

In other words, life is seen in purely mechanical terms. This is an equal and opposite error to those pursuing immortality through cybertechnologies, believing that if our consciousness can be downloaded into computers, we can continue to exist as a sort of ghost in a machine. In this techno-gnosticism, our bodies are optional and not a necessary part of life. In this way of thinking, we are our minds, and our minds are nothing more than sophisticated software that can be downloaded into a computer, machine, or perhaps a new robotic body.

Other modern attempts at the Fountain of Youth—such as nutritional strategies, supplements, alternative medical practices, and gene-editing technologies like CRISPR—do not seek as much to avoid death as to extend life. These range from becoming more serious about healthy living to more extreme alternatives. A number of billionaires have been investing in research into life extension, including Sam Altman of OpenAI, Jeff Bezos, Google co-founder Larry Page, and Brian Armstrong of Coinbase. Some believe that our medical technologies will eventually reach a state of "Longevity Escape Velocity," in which advances are increasing lifespans faster than the years go by, therefore bringing us to the point of immortality.

Despite our long history of failed attempts to live forever, many of which caused more harm than good, scientific hubris remains a temptation almost impossible to avoid. But we should take Mary Shelley's warnings seriously. Some of these longevity experiments will be interesting and ultimately harmless. Some may even help. Others, such as those involving gene-editing technology, will leave their own monsters waiting in the shadows, and it is unlikely, if history is any indication, that we will be able to see them coming.

A more basic problem is trying to defeat death while thinking it is only a material problem to be solved. No latter-day elixir can satisfy our fear of death, which is a physical consequence of metaphysical realities. What ancient emperors and modern tech barons so desperately seek is exactly what's offered in Christ: His eternal life exchanged for our mortal, sinful life. This exchange does not come from a laboratory bottle filled with who knows what, but from an empty tomb. Ultimately, because He defeated death, our bodies will be perfected beyond what even the most optimistic biohacker could dream.

Yes, death remains an enemy. But it is a defeated foe, and all who are in Christ will ultimately see its defeat when we are resurrected to life eternal. This is the truth behind what are reported to have been Tim Keller's final words: "There is no downside for me leaving, not in the slightest." And Dietrich Bonhoeffer's, as well: "This is the end—for me, the beginning of life."

This Breakpoint was co-authored by Dr. Glenn Sunshine.

For more resources to live like a Christian in this cultural moment, visit Colsoncenter.org

John and Maria discuss the new documentary on the Duggar family, Oklahoma approves a Catholic charter school, and a Jeopardy! panel shows its ignorance of the Bible.

— Recommendations —

Dad, How Do I? YouTube channel

The River by Peter Heller

For more resources to live like a Christian in this cultural moment, visit Colsoncenter.org

Several years ago, a New York Times headline read, "Is Your Child Lying to You? That's Good." Parents, the author said, shouldn't be upset about their young fibbers because studies show that kids who lie are more intelligent and "socially adept" than those who don't.

And for children who aren't quite so good at lying, parents can "speed up the process" through training exercises. If, as the author claims, lying is good for your brain, then the sooner kids start lying, the better.

I wish I were making that up, but I'm not. The author's argument is fully consistent with a worldview that sees cognitive ability as the highest quality we should value and cultivate in children.

But cognitive intelligence isn't the only kind. There's also moral intelligence—knowing the right thing to do in a morally charged universe. And there's relational intelligence—knowing how best to live in relationship with others, for their good, not just our own.

And never forget, "studies" and "research" are never neutral . . . .

This Point was originally published on January 19, 2018.

For more resources to live like a Christian in this cultural moment, visit Colsoncenter.org

On December 6, 1907, a massive explosion decimated a coal mine in Monongah, West Virginia. Three hundred and sixty-two miners were killed, making this the worst mining disaster in U.S. history. The tragedy devastated the small town and led eventually to the establishment of the U.S. Bureau of Mines.

The Monongah mine disaster also marked another beginning. Several months after the explosion, a local church held a special service in honor of the 362 miners, most of whom had left behind wives and children. This is the first event on record in the United States set aside specifically to honor dads.

Two years later, a woman from Spokane who, along with her five siblings, was raised by her widowed father, began a public campaign to establish a national Father's Day. A day for mothers was already in the works and, according to historical accounts, was a much easier sell to the public. By 1916, President Woodrow Wilson had officially recognized Father's Day, though it would not be recognized as a national holiday until 1972.

A little over a hundred years after the mining disaster that birthed Father's Day, the United States is now suffering a crisis of fatherlessness. One in four American kids are, like so many in that West Virginia town, growing up without their father at home. That amounts to 18.5 million kids.

If statistics hold, this means that 18.5 million children are three times more likely to engage in criminal activity than those who have dads at home. Those 18.5 million kids are more likely to engage in sexual activity earlier, are less likely to go to college, more likely to have emotional and behavioral problems, more likely to struggle academically, are twice as likely to commit suicide, and much more likely to commit violence. The vast majority of mass shooters in the past 20 years were young men who were, in some way, estranged from their fathers.

Almost any social good that can be named is dependent on dads who commit to their families and is at risk when they don't. This does not mean that every child who grows up without dad in the home will not succeed. Thank God for the millions of grandparents, relatives, friends, neighbors, and especially single moms who heroically raise children in difficult circumstances. Nor does it mean that a faithful dad at home guarantees success for children. Many people squander the amazing inheritance with which they are blessed. Put differently, statistics do not determine the destiny of individuals.

At the same time, statistics predict the future of societies. Though fatherlessness is correlated with almost every major cultural crisis of the 21st century, the importance of dads remains consistently underestimated and is even undermined. So-called "same-sex marriage" and adoption by same-sex couples suggest that either moms or dads really aren't that important when it comes to raising children. Legalized abortion has effectively catechized generations of men into believing they are not obligated to take responsibility for children that result from their sexual activity and catechized generations of women into believing they've no right to expect that commitment from men. According to the Guttmacher Institute, nearly half of all women who seek abortions do so because they've been abandoned by their baby's father.

I'm especially grateful for the Institute for Family Studies, which continues to research and report the statistical importance of dads. Just as God designed procreation to require one man and one woman, He meant for that man and that woman to raise their child. Fathers love, teach, provide for, and nurture both sons and daughters in ways moms can't. The same goes for moms.

We also know the importance of fathers because God has revealed Himself as a Father. This striking designation should cause every earthly father to tremble. We have an awesome responsibility, and the stakes couldn't be higher.

Finally, every person ever created knows in their bones the irreplaceable importance of fathers, either because of the comfort, steadiness, and love we received from an attentive dad, or because of the pain of his absence. Committed dads are essential ingredients for healthy kids, healthy families, and healthy societies (and specifically for more healthy men).

Showing up, sticking around, and discipling kids as only a father can is a powerful witness to the beautiful design and the steadfast love of our own heavenly Father. Every kid needs and deserves one.

This Breakpoint was co-authored by Maria Baer.

For more resources to live like a Christian in this cultural moment, visit Colsoncenter.org

Statistical data from the General Social Survey shows that, contrary to what many think, the overwhelming majority of Americans—a whopping 86%—believe in God at some level. For every American that doesn't believe in God, there are seven who do.

Of course, just because 4 out of 5 Americans think God exists doesn't mean they believe in the same God or, for that matter, in the God that actually exists. What we believe about God is a defining aspect of our lives. As A.W. Tozer wrote, "What comes into our minds when we think about God is the most important thing about us."

What we believe about God shapes what we believe about the rest of life, including those ultimate, worldview-shaping questions of origin, identity, meaning, morality, and destiny. And the more a group of people is unmoored from the truth about these things together, the more disconnected they are from those essentials of a healthy and functioning society, such as justice, human dignity, and the care and protection of children.

For more resources to live like a Christian in this cultural moment, visit Colsoncenter.org

An argument commonly used to justify radical ideologies about gender and sexuality is the existence of so-called "third" genders in various cultures throughout history. For example, gender "workbooks" that are often promoted in schools, counseling offices, and online, aimed at children and their parents, suggest that "third" genders prove that transgender identities have historical precedent and are therefore not just products of a modern fad.

Among the most cited examples are the Native American "Two-spirit," Thailand's "Kathoey" (regularly translated as "Ladyboy"), Ancient Middle East's "Sal-zikrum," the "Fa'afafine" of Samoa, the "Hijra" of India, and the "Muxe" of Southern Mexico. This long list of those who didn't conform to male and female norms of their cultures may seem to be a compelling argument. However, a quick look at so-called "third" gender people reveals that they are not based on the same presuppositions as modern transgender ideology.

At the heart of contemporary gender ideology is a rejection of the so-called "gender binary," that only two genders exist, as well as any essential link between biological sex and gender. The contention is that biological sex is itself "assigned" and therefore not determinative of one's gender identity, which is, after all, nothing more than a social construct.

In most cases, labeling non-conforming individuals as "third genders" is an anachronism forced upon people who presumed the reality of biological sex, gender roles, and the so-called "gender binary." For example, the word Fa'afafine, literally translated, means "in the manner of a woman." The name refers to Samoan men who act like, live as, and associate with women. Historically, a Fa'afafine is a boy chosen by his family at a young age to help the mother with household tasks, often because there was no daughter born to the family. In other words, the Fa'afafine are not those "born into the wrong body" who express "their true selves." Nor is the choice based on the boy being a homosexual or even noticeably feminine. Rather, the choice is made for them by a father in a culture committed to distinct gender roles.

It's also notable that, in this context, those who are identified as Fa'afafine are not considered to be female, nor are they considered a wife or a mother. They are recognized as men who act like women. This is not a culture that denies sexual difference.

The Native American "two-spirit" is a neologism created in 1990 to refer to so-called "third" genders in those cultures. However, "two-spirit" is not monolithic. Each Native American tribe had different ways of describing gender-bending individuals, and most refer to a member of one sex who acts stereotypically like the opposite sex. For example, the Lakota "Winkte," which has been categorized under "two-spirit," refers to a man who is "like a woman." Such identification relies on the fact of binary gender roles. It is not a "third" gender.

Of course, modern transgender ideology also relies on the gender binary that it rejects. Rigid masculine or feminine stereotypes determine whether someone's "true identity" is at odds with their bodies. A boy is considered a girl if he likes pink or plays house or even occasionally enjoys stereotypical "feminine" habits or games. In the same way, a girl who likes trucks or playing in the dirt isn't just a tomboy but an actual boy. Amidst all the talk about fluidity and gender spectrums, and sexual identity being a social construct, transgender ideology relies on the grossest, rigid stereotypes.

Thus, transgender ideology not only contradicts itself, it also perpetuates the very problem it claims to solve. In the second half of the last century, a cacophony of voices denounced rigid stereotypes as harmful and restrictive, especially for children. The social contagion of those who struggle with the identities today do so because of narrow stereotypes that are treated as absolute and definitive. Girls are no longer allowed to behave "like boys." Rather, they must be boys. And if a boy wants to be a girl, that means embracing the most frilly, suggestive, stereotypes thinkable. All of this ignores the perfectly normal and natural variety found among men and women, long before novel sexual ideologies became new articles of faith for America's cultural priests.

(It's also worth mentioning that pointing to other cultures to justify a modern ideology commits the "noble savage" mistake. Just because some other culture did it does not make it right. Imagine suggesting that because ancient cultures practiced cannibalism or slavery, then we should too.)

To be made in the image of God is to be male or female. The solution for today's poor thinking is not to default to some shallow stereotype, any more than it is to embrace some harmful practice of some ancient culture. Rather, it is to affirm, at the deepest level, informed by Scripture and biology, the reality and beauty of complementary sexual difference.

This Breakpoint was co-authored by Jared Eckert.

For more resources to live like a Christian in this cultural moment, visit Colsoncenter.org

Apparently, Josh Timonen, once a right-hand man of New Atheist author Richard Dawkins, has converted to Christianity. Timonen began working with Dawkins back in 2006, just before the publication of Dawkins' bestseller, The God Delusion, helping with Dawkins' website, some documentaries, as well as his foundation and merchandise. The two parted ways due to a legal dispute.

Later, Timonen relocated his family during the pandemic, and they started attending a church so that his young daughter could make friends. At that church, Timonen and his wife began to reconsider Christianity and, after reading Lee Strobel's The Case for Christ, Timonen was confronted with the historical fact of Jesus' life, ministry, and resurrection, all of which he had dismissed early on in his atheism. Within the year, Josh and his wife placed their faith in Christ.

Timonen's story is a reminder that God is at work and that through Christ, can reconcile us to Himself, even "while we were enemies" (Romans 5:10).

For more resources to live like a Christian in this cultural moment, visit Colsoncenter.org

In sports news, the Denver Nuggets have won their first NBA Championship, in their 47th year in the league. That was this week. Last week, it was the Oklahoma Sooners women's softball team that dominated headlines, winning their third straight and seventh overall NCAA championship.

For those of us who don't typically follow this particular sport, the OU team was as well known for their celebrations and press conferences as for their dominant play. The word that comes to mind, partly because it was repeated over and over by those in the program and those watching, is joy. To be clear, for these Sooners, joy is not a consequence of winning. It's the other way around. When asked about their joy, during a press conference a few days before winning the national title, team captain Grace Lyons said this:

Well, the only way that you can have a joy that doesn't fade away is from the Lord. And any other type of joy is actually happiness that comes from circumstances and outcomes. I think Coach has said this before, but joy from the Lord is really the only thing that can keep you motivated, just in a good mindset, no matter the outcomes. Thankfully, we've had a lot of success this year. But if it was the other way around, joy from the Lord is the only thing that can keep you embracing those memories, moments, friendships, and all that.

Following Lyons, her teammate Jayda Coleman discussed her own journey of learning the proper order of winning and joy:

1,000% agree with Grace Lyons. I went through that my freshman year, I was so happy to win the [College World Series]. I've talked about this before, but I was just so happy that we won the College World Series, but I didn't feel joy . . . . I didn't know what to do the next day. I didn't know what to do for that following week. I didn't feel filled. And I had to find Christ in that. And I think that is what makes our team so strong is that we're not afraid to lose, because it's not the end of the world. If we do lose, yes, obviously, we worked our butts off to be here and we want to win. But it's not the end of the world because our life is in Christ. And that's all that matters.

It's not unusual at a press conference for an athlete or two to express thankfulness to God. What is unusual is for three in a row to do so, while also expressing how their faith in Christ has completely changed their perspective on sports and life. Sophomore Alyssa Brito then iced the press conference (that's a sports metaphor for an athlete who finishes out a game and secures the win), describing how the game is not life, only part of a life that's completely reoriented by focusing on Christ and not self:

I think a huge thing that we've really just latched on to is eyes up. And you guys see us doing this and pointing up, but we're really like fixing our eyes on Christ. And that's something we're, like they we're saying, you can't find a fulfillment in an outcome, whether it's good or bad. And I think that's why we're so steady in what we do and in our love for each other and our love for the game, because we know this game is giving us the opportunity to glorify God. And I just think once we figured that out, and that was our purpose, and everyone was all in with that, it's really changed so much for us. And I mean, I know myself, I've seen so much of a growth in myself . . . . once I turned to Jesus, and I realized how He had changed my outlook on life, not just softball, but understanding how much I have to live for. And that's living to exemplify the Kingdom. And I think that brings so much freedom. And I'm sure everyone's story is similar, but we all have those great testimonies that have really, like, shown how awesome it is to play for something bigger.

To be clear, this is a talented team, but there is also a culture in place at OU that just looks different. In another press conference, Coach Patty Gasso attributed their success to knowing "they are defined not by softball . . . . . They never play tight, they never play afraid . . . . because . . . . they've really found their freedom … through their faith."

In a "Dear Softball" letter, senior captain Grace Lyons echoed her coach when she said her perspective changed "when I realized you were just something I did, not who I was."

The expectation is to idolize you. And the promise is that true joy comes from reaching a goal that you have put all of your effort into. Yes, we as Christians are expected to work hard at all that we do for Christ. But the real victory has already been won on the cross: Jesus dying for my sin and saving me. Because of this, I have an eternal hope that allows me to play your game free with fullness of joy that comes only from the Lord. With this mindset, I have played the most joyful softball the last five years.

And that joy has pointed millions to the One who is the Giver of all good gifts. Congrats Grace and OU softball, and thank you for sharing this gift with us.

For more resources to live like a Christian in this cultural moment, visit Colsoncenter.org