A Japanese spacecraft is scheduled to pay a call on an asteroid this weekend. The encounter won’t last long – the craft will buzz by at about 12,000 miles per hour.

This is the second asteroid encounter for Hayabusa2, which launched in 2014. Its main mission was a detailed study of the asteroid Ryugu. It orbited the asteroid for a year and a half. It gathered a few grams of dust and pebbles and dropped them off at Earth in late 2020. Studies have shown that the samples contain all the key ingredients of DNA – the building blocks of life.

Hayabusa then continued its trek. And this weekend, it’ll pass by the asteroid Torifune – a chunk of rock about a quarter of a mile in diameter.

Torifune’s average distance from the Sun is just a fraction farther than Earth’s distance. But its path is lopsided, so it regularly crosses Earth’s orbit. It’s not currently a threat to hit our planet. But it could be sometime in the distant future.

Right now, the asteroid is at its closest point to the Sun, and about 60 million miles from Earth. Hayabusa will scan it with several instruments as it swings by. But the high speed makes that tough. The entire spacecraft has to turn to keep the asteroid in view. And it can’t turn fast enough to keep an eye on it through the entire encounter. So it’ll have to settle for a quick glimpse as it blazes by this potentially hazardous asteroid.

Script by Damond Benningfield