On today’s page, Chullin 41, the rabbis wrestle with a difficult question: how do we identify those who have fundamentally broken with the values of the Jewish community? What begins as a technical discussion of ritual slaughter and idolatry quickly opens onto a much larger story about disagreement, belonging, and the boundaries of Jewish life. The daf reminds us that Jews have been arguing over first principles for thousands of years—and that some of those arguments are still very much alive today. In this special episode, we’re also sharing a brief excerpt from the first installment of our new three-part series, The Battle for Israel’s Soul, which explores one of the most consequential Jewish debates of our own time. What happens when two Jews envision radically different futures for the same people? Listen and find out.