The efficacy of bilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) for the treatment of motor symptoms and levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) patients is well established. However, the effectiveness of selecting different stimulation targets is less clear. While there is evidence to suggest that the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus internus (GPi) are effective targets, when combined with best medical treatment versus best medical treatment alone, the circumstances in which one target should be selected over the other are still disputed. It is also unknown whether STN and GPi DBS induce similar benefits. In this guideline, the authors systematically review the literature and grade the quality of evidence for the use of STN and GPi in DBS in patients with PD.

J. Bradley Elder, MD

Vin Shen Ban, MB, BChir, MSc

Clement Hamani, MD, PhD

Jason Schwalb, MD

Christopher D. Shank, MD, MBA

Anand Rughani, MD