With Maria Tereza Sampaio de Sousa Lira, Federal University of Pernambuco - Brazil and Anja Zupan Meznar, University Medical Centre Ljubljana - Slovenia.

This episode will discuss when conduction system pacing (CSP) may be the appropriate pacing strategy for heart failure patients, particularly those with pacing-induced dyssynchrony or suspected pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (PICM).

Key talking points include:

• Clinical clues and diagnostic approach to PICM

• Differentiating PICM from other causes of LV dysfunction

• When to consider CRT upgrade in pacemaker patients

• Insights from the BUDAPEST-CRT upgrade trial

• Advantages and limitations of CSP (His-bundle and left bundle branch pacing)

• Practical take-home message for clinicians managing HF patients with pacemaker

This 2026 HFA Cardio Talk podcast series is supported by Bayer in the form of unrestricted financial support. The discussion has not been influenced in any way by its sponsors.