Today, you’ll learn about the effect of space on our kidneys, how a simple display of pride can win a fight, and bad news for artists we know bad things about.  

Kidneys & Space   

• “Would astronauts’ kidneys survive a roundtrip to Mars?” UCL. 2024.  
• “Cosmic kidney disease: an integrated pan-omic, physiological and morphological study into spaceflight-induced renal dysfunction.” by Keith Siew, et al. 2024.  

Boxing Pride 

• “Pride displays can sway perceptions of victory in evenly matched boxing fights.” by Eric W. Dolan. 2024.  
• “The effects of nonverbal pride and skill on judgements of victory and social influence: a boxing study.” by Jason P. Martens & Lucy Doytchinova. 2024.  

Art & The Artist 

• “Art perception is affected by negative knowledge about famous and unknown artists.” by Hannah Kaube & Rasha Abdel Rahman. 2024.  
• “The role of expertise and culture in visual art appreciation.” by Kohinoor M. Darda & Emily S. Cross. 2022.  

Follow Curiosity Daily on your favorite podcast app to get smarter with Calli and Nate — for free! Still curious? Get exclusive science shows, nature documentaries, and more real-life entertainment on discovery+! Go to https://discoveryplus.com/curiosity to start your 7-day free trial. discovery+ is currently only available for US subscribers. 

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Today, you’ll learn about a potential breakthrough in stroke detection, how AI could help put a lid on online hate speech and create safer spaces, and the delicious development of healthier chocolate.  

Stroke Blood Test  

• “Researchers develop ‘game-changing’ blood test for stroke detection.” EurekAlert! 2024.  
• “Large Vessel Occlusion in Acute Stroke.” by Lena-Alexandra Beume, et al. 2018.  
• “Prospective Validation of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, D-Dimer, and Clinical Scales for Acute Large-Vessel Occlusion Ischemic Stroke Detection.” by Yasir Durrani, et al. 2024.  

Hate Speech Monitoring  

• “AI saving humans from the emotional toll of monitoring hate speech.” by Media Relations, University of Waterloo. 2024.  
• “Multi-Modal Discussion Transformer: Integrating Text, Images and Graph Transformers to Detect Hate Speech on Social Media.” by Liam Hebert, et al. 2024.  

Healthy Chocolate 

• “Scientists develop method of making healthier, more sustainable chocolate.” by Ajit Niranjan. 2024.  
• “Valorization of cocoa pod side streams improves nutritional and sustainability aspects of chocolate.” by Kim Mishra, et al. 2024.  

Follow Curiosity Daily on your favorite podcast app to get smarter with Calli and Nate — for free! Still curious? Get exclusive science shows, nature documentaries, and more real-life entertainment on discovery+! Go to https://discoveryplus.com/curiosity to start your 7-day free trial. discovery+ is currently only available for US subscribers.

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Today, you’ll learn about AI that can detect wildfires from space, why going to bed late might not be so great on your mental health, and a breakthrough in recycling.  

Space Firefighting 

• “Fighting fires from space in record time: how AI could prevent a repeat of Australia’s devastating wildfires.” University of Southern Australia. 2024.  
• “Fire detection from space.” YouTube Video, University of South Australia. 2024.  
• “Number of wildfires to rise by 50% by 2100 and governments are not prepared, experts warn.” UN. 2022.  
• “Onboard AI for Fire Smoke Detection Using Hyperspectral Imagery: An Emulation for the Upcoming Kanyini Hyperscout-2 Mission.” by Sha Lu, et al. 2024.  

Sleep Schedules  

• “Perils of the nighttime: Impact of behavioral timing and preference on mental health in 73,888 community-dwelling adults.” by Renske Lok, et al. 2024.  
• “Dictionary of Circadian Physiology.” Circadian.org. N.d.  
• “Circadian Rhythm.” by Lucy Bryan & Dr. Lulu Guo. 2024.  

Polystyrene 

• “New polystyrene recycling process could be world’s first to be both economical and energy-efficient.” University of Bath. 2024.  
• “Thermodynamic and economic analysis of a deployable and scalable process to recover Monomer-Grade styrene from waste polystyrene.” by Madison R. Reed, et al. 2024.  

Follow Curiosity Daily on your favorite podcast app to get smarter with Calli and Nate — for free! Still curious? Get exclusive science shows, nature documentaries, and more real-life entertainment on discovery+! Go to https://discoveryplus.com/curiosity to start your 7-day free trial. discovery+ is currently only available for US subscribers. 

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Today, you’ll learn about how a simple walk through nature could make you want to eat healthier foods, a new finding that T.rexes might not have been as cognitively advanced as we thought, and the sheath that keeps sawfish from doing battle in the womb.  

Nature & Healthy Food   

• “Experiencing nature seems to have an important impact on food choices.” by Eric W. Dolan. 2024.  
• https://www.psypost.org/experiencing-nature-seems-to-have-an-important-impact-on-food-choices/ 
• “Experiencing nature leads to healthier food choices.” by Maria Langlois & Pierre Chandon. 2024.  
• https://www.nature.com/articles/s44271-024-00072-x 

T.Rex Intelligence   

• “T. rex not as smart as previously claimed, scientists find.” University of Bristol. 2024.  
• https://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2024/april/t-rex-not-as-smart.html 
• “How smart was T. rex? Testing claims of exceptional cognition in dinosaurs and the application of neuron count estimates in palaeontological research.” by Kai R. Caspar, et al.  
• https://anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.25459 

Baby Sawfish  

• “A built-in pocket protector keeps sawfish from ‘sword fighting’ in the womb.” by Natalie van Hoose. 2024.  
• https://www.sciencenews.org/article/stops-sawfish-from-sword-fighting-womb 
• “Smalltooth Sawfish.” Oceana. N.d.  
• https://oceana.org/marine-life/smalltooth-sawfish/ 
• “Morphology, composition, and deterioration of the embryonic rostral sheath of the smalltooth sawfish (Pristis pectinata).” by Gregg R. Poulakis, et al. 2024.  
• https://fisherybulletin.nmfs.noaa.gov/content/morphology-composition-and-deterioration-embryonic-rostral-sheath-smalltooth-sawfish 

Follow Curiosity Daily on your favorite podcast app to get smarter with Calli and Nate — for free! Still curious? Get exclusive science shows, nature documentaries, and more real-life entertainment on discovery+! Go to https://discoveryplus.com/curiosity to start your 7-day free trial. discovery+ is currently only available for US subscribers. 

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Today, you’ll learn about a new method to cryopreserve parts of the brain for later use, the personality changes that happen after organ transplants, and how fungicides cause dangerous fungi to self-destruct. 

Cryopreservation 

• “Effective cryopreservation of human brain tissue and neural organoids.” by Weiwei Xue, et al. 2024.  
• “Brain organoids: Establishment and application.” by Hao Chen, et al. 2022.  

Personality Transplant 

• “Personality Changes Associated with Organ Transplants.” by Brian Carter, et al. 2024.  
• https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3943/5/1/2 
• “Does changing the heart mean changing personality? A retrospective inquiry on 47 heart transplant patients.” by B Bunzel, et al. 1992.  
• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1299456/ 

Fungal Azoles 

• “Azoles activate type I and type II programmed cell death pathways in crop pathogenic fungi.” by Martin Schuster, et al. 2024.  
• https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-48157-9 
• “Leaf Blotch Disease of Wheat - Septoria tritici Blotch, Stagonospora nodorum Blotch and Tan Spot.” by Jorge David Selgado & Pierce A. Paul. 2016.  
• https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/plpath-cer-07 

Follow Curiosity Daily on your favorite podcast app to get smarter with Calli and Nate — for free! Still curious? Get exclusive science shows, nature documentaries, and more real-life entertainment on discovery+! Go to https://discoveryplus.com/curiosity to start your 7-day free trial. discovery+ is currently only available for US subscribers. 

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Today, you’ll learn about why giving babies foods with peanuts could crack the peanut allergy problem, a wild discovery of cancer treatment 4,000 years ago, and the sneaky way cuckoos evolve to look like other birds so they can live in their nests.  

Peanut Allergy  

• “Giving young children peanut products cuts allergy risk, study finds.” by Ian Sample. 2024.  
• “Peanut Allergies.” Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. 2024.  
• “Follow-up to Adolescence after Early Peanut Introduction for Allergy Prevention.” by George Du Toit, et al. 2024.  

Ancient Cancer Treatment  

• “‘Extraordinary’ 4,000-year-old Egyptian skull may show signs of attempts to treat cancer.” EurekAlert! 2024.  
• “Case report: Boundaries of oncological and traumatological medical care in ancient Egypt: new palaeopathological insights from two human skulls.” by Tatiana Tondini, et al. 2024.  

Cuckoo Evolution 

• “Cuckoos evolve to look like their hosts - and form new species in the process.” University of Cambridge. 2024.  
• “Cuckoo guide: why they call ‘cuckoo’, how they trick other birds, and where they go in winter.” by Megan Shersby. 2022.  
• “Coevolution with hosts underpins speciation in brood-parasitic cuckoos.” by N.E. Langmore, et al. 2024.  

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Today, you’ll learn about the lifelong learning of chimps, a mysterious strange signal from space, and the possible treatment for depression that involves heating up the body.  

Chimp Tools   

• “Chimps are lifelong learners, study on tool use shows.” by Charles Mpaka. 2024.  
• “Protracted development of stick tool use skills extends into adulthood in wild western chimpanzees.” by Mathieu Malherbe, et al. 2024.  

Space Radio  

• “A strange intermittent radio signal from space has astronomers puzzled.” by Manisha Caleb & Emil Lenc. 2024.  
• “An emission-state-switching radio transient with a 54-minute period.” by M. Caleb, et al. 2024.  

Hyperthermia Treatment  

• “Whole-body hyperthermia shows promising antidepressant effects through anti-inflammatory pathways.” by Eric W. Dolan. 2024.  
• “The antidepressant effect of whole-body hyperthermia is associated with the classical interleukin-6 signaling pathway.” by Naoise Mac Giollabhui, et al. 2024.  

Follow Curiosity Daily on your favorite podcast app to get smarter with Calli and Nate — for free! Still curious? Get exclusive science shows, nature documentaries, and more real-life entertainment on discovery+! Go to https://discoveryplus.com/curiosity to start your 7-day free trial. discovery+ is currently only available for US subscribers. 

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Today, you’ll learn about how when chimpanzees can’t figure out how to do something they get their friends to teach them, a potential breakthrough in the fight against breast cancer, and how singing repairs the brain after a stroke. 

Chimpanzee Learning 

• “Chimpanzees use social information to acquire a skill they fail to innovate.” by Edwin J. C. van Leeuwen, et al. 2024.  
• “Like Humans, Bumblebees and Chimpanzees Can Pass on Their Skills to Form ‘Cumulative Culture’.” by Cristen Hemingway Jaynes. 2024.  

Breast Cancer Gel  

• “Scientists make potential breast cancer breakthrough after preserving tissue in gel.” by Matthew Weaver. 2024.  
• “Breast cancer statistics.” Cancer Research UK. n.d.  

Singing Brain Repair 

• “Singing repairs the language network of the brain after a cerebrovascular accident.” University of Helsinki. 2024.  
• “Vocal music boosts the recovery of language functions after stroke.” University of Helsinki. 2021.  

Follow Curiosity Daily on your favorite podcast app to get smarter with Calli and Nate — for free! Still curious? Get exclusive science shows, nature documentaries, and more real-life entertainment on discovery+! Go to https://discoveryplus.com/curiosity to start your 7-day free trial. discovery+ is currently only available for US subscribers. 

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Today, you’ll learn about the remarkable social memory of chimps, the gut bacteria that could help fight cancer, and how gene therapy might one day help you out with that pesky lower back pain.  

Chimp Memory 

• “Chimps Can Still Remember Faces After a Quarter Century.” by Carl Zimmer. 2023.  
• “Bonobos and chimpanzees remember familiar conspecifics for decades.” by Laura S. Lewis, et al. 2023.  

Bacterial Tumor Killer 

• “Gut bacteria boost immune response to fight tumors.” by Marta Wegorzewska. 2024.  
• “The Human Microbiome and Its Impacts on Health.” by Grace A. Ogunrinola, et al. 2020.  

Gene Disc Repair 

• “Gene therapy relieves back pain, repairs damaged disc in mice.” by Emily Caldwell. 2024.  
• “Increased Frequency of Low Back Pain in Recent Times: Does the Answer Lie in COVID-19?” by Sreedhar Sathu, et al. 2023.  

Follow Curiosity Daily on your favorite podcast app to get smarter with Calli and Nate — for free! Still curious? Get exclusive science shows, nature documentaries, and more real-life entertainment on discovery+! Go to https://discoveryplus.com/curiosity to start your 7-day free trial. discovery+ is currently only available for US subscribers. 

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Today, you’ll learn about the surprising prevalence of heart abnormalities in elite athletes, how an oxytocin nasal spray might help with chronic loneliness, and a discovery that could help doctors diagnose a disease just by looking at your fingernails.  

Elite Athlete Hearts   

• “Why are elite athletes prone to abnormal heart rhythms?” by Jennifer Couzin-Frankel. 2024.  
• “2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Join Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines.” by Jose A. Joglar, et al. 2023.  
• “Stroke in endurance athletes with atrial fibrillation.” by Marius Myrstad, et al. 2020.  

Oxytocin & Loneliness  

• “Can oxytocin help against loneliness?” Uni-Bonn. 2024.  
• “Modulating Social Behavior with Oxytocin: How does it work? What does it mean?” by Patricia S. Churchland & Piotr Winkielman. 2011.  
• “Relationship Between Loneliness, Psychiatric Disorders and Physical Health? A Review on the Psychological Aspects of Loneliness.” by Raheel Mushtaq, et al. 2014.  
• “Oxytocin-Augmented Modular-Based Group Intervention for Loneliness: A Proof-Of-Concept Randomized Controlled Trial.” by Ruben Berger, et al. 2024.  

Nail Diagnosis 

• “Benign nail condition linked to rare syndrome that greatly increases cancer risk.” NIH. 2024.  
• “Long Term Follow-up of Mesothelioma Patients and Their Family Members With Germline Mutations in BAP1 and Other Genes.” Study. 2024.  

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