In this episode, host Dr. Aaron Fritts and interventional radiologist Dr. Kevin Henseler discuss his treatment algorithm and new technologies for embolization of GI bleeds.

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Boston Scientific Obsidio Embolic

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SHOW NOTES

Dr. Henseler starts by differentiating between lower and upper GI bleeds. Upper GI bleeds tend to be more life-threatening and are most commonly caused by esophageal varices or duodenal ulcers, and many of these consults come from the endoscopy suite. These upper GI bleeds also have a higher risk of recurrence. On the other hand, lower GI bleeds can be more indolent. CTA is the most efficient way to assess the source of GI bleeding. It provides valuable information about the vascular territory, including localization of bleeding, planning where to inject during angiography, and variant anatomy. If CTA is negative for bleeding, Dr. Henseler does not move onto angiography. He monitors the patient for further signs of intermittent bleeding and may re-image or intervene the following day.

If CTA does show bleeding, Dr. Henseler moves onto angiography and embolization. He finds that there are few contraindications to angiography. Relative contraindications include renal insufficiency, which is a small tradeoff for a lifesaving procedure, and contrast allergy, which can be addressed with a preprocedural steroid dose.

When it comes to methods of embolization, detachable coils have been a mainstay. While they are more expensive than pushable coils, detachable coils allow for more exact placement and increased safety and more IRs are being trained to use these now. Dr. Henseler also discusses the use of embolic particles, which carry risks of end-organ damage and ischemia, as well as embolic glue, which can be difficult to use if the operator does not have sufficient training. Then, we shift gears to discuss Obsidio, a new injectable solid that is soon to be commercially available. It exists as a liquid when it is in its pressurized form within the microcatheter; however, it immediately solidifies in the vessel as soon as the injection ceases. Obsidio is made of radio-opaque tantalum so it is visible on CT, stays permanently in the vessel, and can be used in conjunction with coils if desired. Additionally, its cohesive properties decrease the risk of abdominal extravasation and it can be used with any catheter.

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RESOURCES

Dr. Kevin Henseler LinkedIn:

https://www.linkedin.com/in/kevin-henseler-364832231/

CTA for Lower GI Bleeds:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UWEf_sAUGKU

Ep. 179- Happiness is a Warm Coil: Treating GI Bleeds:

https://www.backtable.com/shows/vi/podcasts/179/happiness-is-a-warm-coil-treating-gi-bleeds

Ep. 216- Stick It: Glue Embo:

https://www.backtable.com/shows/vi/podcasts/216/stick-it-glue-embo