In this episode, Ethan is joined by Nick aka The Rural Urbanist and Sami of Untitled Planning. Nick talks recent travels and experiences in Portugal, focusing on urbanism, city planning, and transit infrastructure. The hosts compare the approach to adaptive reuse in Europe and North America, noting the importance of preserving both the exterior and interior of buildings. They also touch on the sustainability benefits of adaptive reuse. They also delve into the topic of sustainability and the role of technology in improving cities. The conversation touches on the impact of online shopping on local businesses and the importance of making intentional choices in our consumption habits. The hosts share their favorite themed trains, including a 15-minute city-themed train, a Tolkien-themed train, and a camera-themed train.