The Founders established the three branches of government to provide checks on one another. But parties have come to supplant these institutions as the focus of loyalty for politicians. In this episode, we explore what the rise of parties means for our system of checks and balances.

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Quick Hits

Economic Update

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/UNRATE

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/EMRATIO

https://www.macrotrends.net/1377/u6-unemployment-rate

COVID Party

https://news4sanantonio.com/news/local/i-thought-this-was-a-hoax-patient-in-their-30s-dies-after-attending-covid-party

Foolishness of the Week

Upward-Thrusting Buildings

https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2020/jul/06/upward-thrusting-buildings-ejaculating-cities-sexist-leslie-kern-phallic-feminist-city-toxic-masculinity

Topic of the Week: Parties and Institutions

Washington’s Farewell Address

https://www.history.com/news/george-washington-farewell-address-warnings

Federalist 51

https://billofrightsinstitute.org/founding-documents/primary-source-documents/the-federalist-papers/federalist-papers-no-51/

Books

https://www.amazon.com/Robert-M-S-McDonald/e/B006G5XJK6

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