ESC Cardio Talk

By European Society of Cardiology

Education Medicine

What's ESC Cardio Talk about?

The ESC podcasts - regular recordings from the European Society of Cardiology on the very latest cardiovascular science.
Hear renowned experts discuss how these studies are relevant to daily practice of healthcare professionals around the world.
Check in regularly to ensure you stay up to date.

Download our free app to listen on your phone

LAST EPISODE

Journal Editorial - Pace an...

10.25.2021

With Cecilia Linde, Karolinska Institute, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm - Sweden Link to paper: https://bit.ly/3pjjoeP Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3jiC9eB

ESC Cardio Talk episodes:

10.25.2021 Journal Editorial - Pace and ablate better than drugs in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation: lessons from the APAF-CRT mortality trial With Cecilia Linde, Karolinska Institute, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm - Sweden Link to paper: https://bit.ly/3pjjoeP Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3jiC9eB
10.18.2021 Journal Editorial - Novel actors on the stage of cardiac dysfunction induced by anti-PD1 oncological treatments With Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti & Alessandra Cuomo, Federico II University, Naples - Italy Link to paper: https://bit.ly/3DD9cl8 Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3mSxFMz
10.11.2021 Journal Editorial - Key roles of five lifestyle risk factors in the harmful transition from a healthy condition to multimorbidity in the Chinese population With Dong Zhao & Jing Liu, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing - China Link to EHJ paper: https://bit.ly/39qEb71 Link to EHJ editorial: https://bit.ly/3u3tcd9
10.06.2021 ESC Guidelines 2021 on valvular heart disease With Friedhelm Beyersdorf, University Heart Center Freiburg, Bad Krozingen - Germany & Alec Vahanian, University Paris-Descartes, Paris - France Link to paper: https://bit.ly/3CXQLqU
10.04.2021 Journal Editorial - First, do no harm With Sharonne Hayes & Rajiv Gulati, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota - USA Link to EHJ paper: https://bit.ly/39tT8oU Link to EHJ editorial: https://bit.ly/3ABssOP
09.29.2021 ESC Guidelines 2021 on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy With Michael Glikson, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem & Jens Cosedis Nielsen, Aarhus University Hospital – Denmark. Link to paper: https://bit.ly/2ZoWI1B
09.27.2021 Journal Editorial - Decoding the link between heart failure and incident cancer With Anju Nohria & Sanjay Divakaran, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston - USA. Link to paper: https://bit.ly/39tNB1n Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3lLp262
09.20.2021 Journal Editorial - The endothelial niche in heart failure: from development to regeneration With Stefanie Dimmeler & Julian Wagner, University of Frankfurt - Germany. Link to paper: https://bit.ly/38sSw2a Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/2WHFKut
09.13.2021 Journal Editorial - Initiation and management of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: history gone full circle With Christian van der Werf, Amsterdam University Medical Center - Netherlands & Pier Lambiase, University College London, London - United Kingdom. Link to paper: https://bit.ly/3mSvZnJ Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/2WEJkVY
09.06.2021 Journal Editorial - Genome-wide association analysis in dilated cardiomyopathy reveals two new players in systolic heart failure on chromosomes 3p25.1 and 22q11.23 With Perry Elliott & Douglas Cannie, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science - London Link to paper: https://bit.ly/2V5iaah
07.19.2021 Journal Editorial - Beat-to-beat variability occurs not only in atrial fibrillation: clinical value of dynamic assessment of the mitral and tricuspid annulus With Roberto Lang & Karima Addetia, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago - USA Link to European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging paper: https://bit.ly/2UhbcOO Link to European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging editorial: https://bit.ly/2VJOdMW
07.12.2021 Journal Editorial - Optical coherence tomography and vulnerable plaque detection: how far are we willing to stray from true histology? With Hector Garcia-Garcia, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington - USA & Ronald Bass, Georgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington - USA Link to paper: https://bit.ly/3dOalMi Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3At7T7L
07.05.2021 Journal Editorial - Redefining cardiovascular risk prediction: is the crystal ball clearer now? With Lale Tokgözoğlu, Hacettepe University, Ankara - Turkey & Meral Kayıkçıoğlu, Ege University, Izmir - Turkey Link to papers: SCORE2: https://bit.ly/3hhySeH and SCORE2-OP : https://bit.ly/3xj0FAV Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3hCiOmP
06.28.2021 Journal Editorial - Physical exercise is cardioprotective, but detrimental for the heart in high air pollution areas With Thomas Muenzel and Omar Hahad, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg Univ., Mainz - Germany Link to paper: https://bit.ly/35M7eAc Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3d5XqEY
06.21.2021 Journal Editorial - Can we turn heart failure into heart success by studying myocardial remission? With Thomas Luescher, Senior Editor EHJ and Brian Halliday, National Heart and Lung Institute, London - UK Link to paper: https://bit.ly/2T6BSB3 Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/2SosqJb
06.14.2021 Journal Editorial - Decoding stroke risk scores in atrial fibrillation and CKD: still more work to do With Ben Freedman & David Brieger, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Head Vascular Biology Anzac Research Institute - Australia Link to paper: https://bit.ly/3giMwws Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3zb5Bt7
06.07.2021 Journal Editorial - Childhood-onset hypertrophic cardiomyopathy research coming of age With Juan Pablo Kaski and Gabrielle Norrish, Univ. College London - UK. Link to paper: https://bit.ly/3fCFgMM Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3c87Y6i
05.31.2021 Journal Editorial - Low sudden cardiac death risk in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: ‘A wolf in a lamb’s skin’? With Nuno Cardim & Alexandra Toste, Hospital da Luz - Lisboa - Portugal Link to paper: https://bit.ly/3fQsDwp Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3vElWnO
05.24.2021 Journal Editorial - Silent brain infarcts and early cognitive outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis With Thomas Luescher, Senior Editor EHJ and Brian Halliday, National Heart and Lung Institute, London - UK Link to EHJ paper: https://bit.ly/2QzmTyO
05.17.2021 Journal Editorial - Left atrial strain: evaluating left ventricular filling pressure from an upstream vantage point With Frank Flachskampf & Tomasz Baron, Uppsala University, Uppsala -Sweden Link to paper: https://bit.ly/32ZRV5u Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3aO6Pju
05.10.2021 Journal Editorial - Alcohol consumption, cardiac biomarkers, and risk of atrial fibrillation and adverse outcomes With Thomas Luescher and Brian Halliday, National Heart and Lung Institute, London - UK Link to EHJ paper: https://bit.ly/3xAEUxl
05.03.2021 Journal Editorial - C-reactive protein predicts outcome in COVID-19: is it also a therapeutic target? With Mark Pepys and Floriaan Schmidt, University of College London - UK Link to paper: https://bit.ly/3xg7iVp Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/2QeF906
04.26.2021 Journal Editorial - Heart failure, cognition, and brain damage With Ulrich Laufs and Arno Villringer, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig - Germany Link to paper: https://bit.ly/3pGo8bB Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3sxfeh4
04.19.2021 Journal Editorial - A broken heart after child loss With Kim Smolderen & Matthew Burg, Yale University, New Haven - USA Link to paper: https://bit.ly/3uA2ist Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3rRmxjy
04.12.2021 Journal Editorial - Predicted benefit of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: the MADIT-ICD benefit score With Thomas Luescher, Senior Editor EHJ and Brian Halliday, National Heart and Lung Institute, London - UK Link to EHJ paper: https://bit.ly/3t9XFVP
04.05.2021 Journal Editorial - Multisystem positron emission tomography: interrogating vascular inflammation, emotional stress, and bone marrow activity in a single scan With Marc Dweck & Anna Barton, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh - United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland. Link to paper: https://bit.ly/2PnidLy Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/31G4BgU
03.29.2021 Journal Editorial - Lifelong low Lp(a) levels: genetics give a green light? With Samia Mora and Zareen Farukhi, Brigham Women's Hospital, Boston - USA Link to paper: https://bit.ly/3tUNaph Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3rhOb9c
03.22.2021 Journal Editorial - What we (don’t) know about myocardial injury after COVID-19 With Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci, Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol - United Kingdom, Leslie Cooper, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville - USA & Matthias Friedrich McGill University Health Centre, Montreal - Canada. Link to paper: http://bit.ly/30TQWCL Link to editorial: http://bit.ly/3lwnxIb
03.16.2021 ESC Cardio Talk - Perspective - Long term effects of COVID-19 With Thomas Luescher - Switzerland and Biljana Parapid - Serbia
03.15.2021 Journal Editorial - Heart failure and systolic function: time to leave diagnostics based on ejection fraction? With Otto Smiseth & John Aalen, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo - Norway Link to paper: http://bit.ly/2PO6gyl Link to editorial: http://bit.ly/3qEZS9o
03.08.2021 Journal Editorial - Heart failure drug treatment: the fantastic four With Johann Bauersachs and Dominik Berliner, Hannover Medical School - Germany Link to European Heart Journal paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa968/6081935 Link to European Heart Journal editorial: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa1012/6099035
03.01.2021 Journal Editorial - Illuminating the path from genetics to clinical outcome in Brugada syndrome With Connie Bezzina and Pieter Postema, Amsterdam UMC - Netherlands Link to European Heart Journal paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa942/5998273 Link to European Heart Journal editorial: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa994/6097982
02.22.2021 Journal Editorial - Long, longer, long QT syndrome: what makes the difference? With Peter Schwartz and Luca Sala, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan - Italy Link to paper: http://bit.ly/3dClT66 Link to editorial: https://bit.ly/3qKHTiC
02.15.2021 Journal Editorial - Changing the paradigm for post-MI cholesterol lowering from intensive statin monotherapy towards intensive lipid-lowering regimens and individualized care With Kausik Ray and Julia Brandts, Imperial College London - UK Link to European Heart Journal paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa1011/6047259 Link to European Heart Journal editorial: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa1008/6055870?redirectedFrom=fulltext
02.08.2021 Journal Editorial - Noise and cardiovascular risk: nighttime aircraft noise acutely triggers cardiovascular death With Thomas Muenzel and Omar Hahad, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg Univ., Mainz - Germany Link to European Heart Journal paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa957/6007462 Link to European Heart Journal editorial: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa984/6046141
02.01.2021 Journal Editorial - COVID-19 pandemic: complex interactions with the arrhythmic profile and the clinical course of patients with cardiovascular disease With Giuseppe Boriani and Marco Vitolo, Univ. Hospital of Modena & Reggio Emilia - Italy Link to European Heart Journal paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa893/6035202 Link to European Heart Journal editorial: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa958/6044436
01.25.2021 Journal Editorial - A fundamental principle of coronary pathophysiology for risk stratifying coronary artery disease With Nils Johnson and Lance Gould, Univ. of Texas - Houston - U.S. Link to European Heart Journal paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article-abstract/41/Supplement_2/ehaa946.0283/6005078?redirectedFrom=fulltext Link to European Heart Journal editorial: https://academic.oup.com/ehjcimaging/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa333/6032733
01.11.2021 Journal Editorial - Secondary tricuspid regurgitation: neglected no more! With Philipp Bartko, Gregor Heitzinger and Georg Goliasch, Medical Univ. of Vienna - Austria Link to EHJ - Cardiovascular Imaging paper: https://academic.oup.com/ehjcimaging/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa282/6008991?redirectedFrom=fulltext Link to EHJ - Cardiovascular Imaging editorial: https://academic.oup.com/ehjcimaging/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa312/6024897?redirectedFrom=fulltext
01.11.2021 Journal Editorial - Are we underestimating the potential for cardiotoxicity related to immune checkpoint inhibitors? With Tomas Neilan, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston - U.S., Matthias Totzeck, Univ. Hospital Essen - Germany and Esther Lutgens, Amsterdam UMC - Netherlands Link to EHJ paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa884/6027871 Link to EHJ editorial: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa959/6027872
01.04.2021 Journal Editorial - Aspirin or P2Y12 inhibition: establishing the cornerstone of antiplatelet therapy after stenting With Michelle O'Donoghue and Marc Sabatine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston - U.S. Link to EHJ paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa739/6025040?redirectedFrom=fulltext Link to EHJ editorial: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa741/6025039
12.28.2020 Journal Editorial - Less dementia after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: a nationwide cohort study With Thomas Luescher, Senior Editor EHJ and Brian Halliday, National Heart and Lung Institute, London - UK Link to EHJ paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa726/5918337
12.21.2020 Journal Editorial - Measure or predict prosthesis–patient mismatch? With Luc Pierard and Raluca Dulgheru, Univ. Hospital of Liege - Belgium Link to EHJ - Cardiovascular Imaging paper: https://academic.oup.com/ehjcimaging/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa235/5913131?redirectedFrom=fulltext Link to EHJ - Cardiovascular Imaging editorial: https://academic.oup.com/ehjcimaging/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa267/5957230
12.14.2020 Journal Editorial - The sooner, the better: anti-inflammation in acute myocardial infarction With Thomas Luescher, Senior Editor EHJ and Brian Halliday, National Heart and Lung Institute, London - UK Link to EHJ paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa659/5898840 Link to EHJ editorial: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/41/42/4100/6010460
12.07.2020 Journal Editorial - CD8 lymphocytes and plaque erosion: a new piece in the jigsaw With Giovanna Liuzzo and Daniela Pedicino, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - Italy Link to EHJ paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa703/5933808?redirectedFrom=fulltext Link to EHJ editorial: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa721/5933797?redirectedFrom=fulltext
11.30.2020 Journal Editorial - Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants in adults with congenital heart disease: quod non? With Werner Budts and Alexander Van De Bruaene, Univ. Hopistal Leuven - Belgium Link to EHJ paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa844/5980364 Link to EHJ editorial: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa867/5964169
11.23.2020 Journal Editorial - Personalised medicine for dilated cardiomyopathy With Perry Elliott and Mohammed Majid Akhtar, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science - London - UK Link to EHJ paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa841/5959816 Link to EHJ editorial: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa869/5974601
11.16.2020 Journal Editorial - Sex differences among young individuals with myocardial infarction With Marysia Tweet and Sharonne Hayes, Mayo Clinic Rochester - U.S. Link to EHJ paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa662/5921645 Link to EHJ editorial: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa682/5921646
11.09.2020 Journal Editorial - Evaluating risk of dementia in older people: a pathway to personalized prevention? With Andrew Sommerlad and Naaheed Mukadam, Univ. College London - UK Link to EHJ paper: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa695 Link to EHJ editorial: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa691/5918136
11.02.2020 Journal Editorial - Global longitudinal strain in severe aortic stenosis With Bernard Cosyns, Univ. Hospital Brussels - Belgium Link to EHJ - Cardiovascular Imaging paper: https://academic.oup.com/ehjcimaging/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa220/5897696?redirectedFrom=fulltext Link to EHJ - Cardiovascular Imaging editorial: https://academic.oup.com/ehjcimaging/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa260/5918228
10.26.2020 Journal Editorial - Transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation in failed aortic bioprosthetic valves: a word of caution in times of euphoria With Helmut Baumgartner and Gerhard-Paul Diller, Univ. Hospital Muenster - Germany Link to European Heart Journal paper: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/41/29/2731/5863929 Link to European Heart Journal editorial: https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article-abstract/41/29/2743/5876547?redirectedFrom=fulltext

Older episodes

ESC Cardio Talk

What's ESC Cardio Talk about?

Download our free app to listen on your phone

ESC Cardio Talk episodes:

Journal Editorial - Pace and ablate better than drugs in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation: lessons from the APAF-CRT mortality trial

Journal Editorial - Novel actors on the stage of cardiac dysfunction induced by anti-PD1 oncological treatments

Journal Editorial - Key roles of five lifestyle risk factors in the harmful transition from a healthy condition to multimorbidity in the Chinese population

ESC Guidelines 2021 on valvular heart disease

Journal Editorial - First, do no harm

ESC Guidelines 2021 on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy

Journal Editorial - Decoding the link between heart failure and incident cancer

Journal Editorial - The endothelial niche in heart failure: from development to regeneration

Journal Editorial - Initiation and management of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: history gone full circle

Journal Editorial - Genome-wide association analysis in dilated cardiomyopathy reveals two new players in systolic heart failure on chromosomes 3p25.1 and 22q11.23

Journal Editorial - Beat-to-beat variability occurs not only in atrial fibrillation: clinical value of dynamic assessment of the mitral and tricuspid annulus

Journal Editorial - Optical coherence tomography and vulnerable plaque detection: how far are we willing to stray from true histology?

Journal Editorial - Redefining cardiovascular risk prediction: is the crystal ball clearer now?

Journal Editorial - Physical exercise is cardioprotective, but detrimental for the heart in high air pollution areas

Journal Editorial - Can we turn heart failure into heart success by studying myocardial remission?

Journal Editorial - Decoding stroke risk scores in atrial fibrillation and CKD: still more work to do

Journal Editorial - Childhood-onset hypertrophic cardiomyopathy research coming of age

Journal Editorial - Low sudden cardiac death risk in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: ‘A wolf in a lamb’s skin’?

Journal Editorial - Silent brain infarcts and early cognitive outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal Editorial - Left atrial strain: evaluating left ventricular filling pressure from an upstream vantage point

Journal Editorial - Alcohol consumption, cardiac biomarkers, and risk of atrial fibrillation and adverse outcomes

Journal Editorial - C-reactive protein predicts outcome in COVID-19: is it also a therapeutic target?

Journal Editorial - Heart failure, cognition, and brain damage

Journal Editorial - A broken heart after child loss

Journal Editorial - Predicted benefit of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: the MADIT-ICD benefit score

Journal Editorial - Multisystem positron emission tomography: interrogating vascular inflammation, emotional stress, and bone marrow activity in a single scan

Journal Editorial - Lifelong low Lp(a) levels: genetics give a green light?

Journal Editorial - What we (don’t) know about myocardial injury after COVID-19

ESC Cardio Talk - Perspective - Long term effects of COVID-19﻿

Journal Editorial - Heart failure and systolic function: time to leave diagnostics based on ejection fraction?

Journal Editorial - Heart failure drug treatment: the fantastic four

Journal Editorial - Illuminating the path from genetics to clinical outcome in Brugada syndrome

Journal Editorial - Long, longer, long QT syndrome: what makes the difference?

Journal Editorial - Changing the paradigm for post-MI cholesterol lowering from intensive statin monotherapy towards intensive lipid-lowering regimens and individualized care

Journal Editorial - Noise and cardiovascular risk: nighttime aircraft noise acutely triggers cardiovascular death

Journal Editorial - COVID-19 pandemic: complex interactions with the arrhythmic profile and the clinical course of patients with cardiovascular disease

Journal Editorial - A fundamental principle of coronary pathophysiology for risk stratifying coronary artery disease

Journal Editorial - Secondary tricuspid regurgitation: neglected no more!

Journal Editorial - Are we underestimating the potential for cardiotoxicity related to immune checkpoint inhibitors?

Journal Editorial - Aspirin or P2Y12 inhibition: establishing the cornerstone of antiplatelet therapy after stenting

Journal Editorial - Less dementia after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: a nationwide cohort study

Journal Editorial - Measure or predict prosthesis–patient mismatch?

Journal Editorial - The sooner, the better: anti-inflammation in acute myocardial infarction

Journal Editorial - CD8 lymphocytes and plaque erosion: a new piece in the jigsaw

Journal Editorial - Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants in adults with congenital heart disease: quod non?

Journal Editorial - Personalised medicine for dilated cardiomyopathy

Journal Editorial - Sex differences among young individuals with myocardial infarction

Journal Editorial - Evaluating risk of dementia in older people: a pathway to personalized prevention?

Journal Editorial - Global longitudinal strain in severe aortic stenosis

Journal Editorial - Transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation in failed aortic bioprosthetic valves: a word of caution in times of euphoria

ESC Cardio Talk - Perspective - Long term effects of COVID-19