In Episode 142, Billy Donnelly looks at self-esteem, particularly low self-esteem, as a belief system upon which one's identity has been built. He compares it to other systems of belief, such as politics or religion, where people have bought in so completely -- almost like a cult. As a result of fully embracing what you believe is the truth, any attempts to challenge, question, or topple such systems are met with resistance. Anything that goes against what you have come to know is treated as wrong, even if it is coming from yourself; it feels like a lie and one you are trying to tell yourself for whatever reason. For him, outside validation has often served as a tool for combatting negative thoughts, ideas, and beliefs of self -- not being desirable, not being worthy, not being good enough, etc. -- as it cemented the idea that someone else believed it, too. However, the goal is to change these negative belief systems by being able to validate yourself, as one cannot rely on others to boost you up forever. Therefore, he talks about the need to identify and recognize when those negative belief systems are kicking into action, in the hopes of presenting more positive assessments that can be used to replace them over time.