Episode Summary:Get the latest accurate science from Dr. Dan behind the bone broth rage.  Topics discussed are as follows:Introduction to bone brothBone broth in the scientific literaturePotential drawbacks regarding bone brothSummary and future outlookEpisode References:Trace minerals from bone broth: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28804437Something in chicken soup helps to clear airways: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/359266/Potential anti-inflammatory properties of bone broth: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pubmed/29509826-enriched-chicken-bone-broth-as-a-dietary-supplement-reduces-nociception-and-sensitization-associated-with-prolonged-jaw-opening/?from_term=Bone+broth%5BTitle%5D&from_pos=4Risk of lead contamination from excessive bone broth consumption: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pubmed/23375414-the-risk-of-lead-contamination-in-bone-broth-diets/?from_term=Bone+broth%5BTitle%5D&from_pos=1Bone broth is not a great collagen source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pubmed/29893587-bone-broth-unlikely-to-provide-reliable-concentrations-of-collagen-precursors-compared-with-supplemental-sources-of-collagen-used-in-collagen-research/?from_term=Bone+broth%5BTitle%5D&from_pos=8Trace minerals and immune health: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16330478

Episode Summary:Dr. Dan discusses the efficacy of ayahuasca medicine based on what is known in the scientific literature Topics discussed are as follows:Introduction to ayahuascaMain ingredients and preparation of ayahuascaAyahuasca usage in traditional medicineHard science behind ayahuascaToxicity and mode of action of ayahuascaLegal status of ayahuascaSummary and future outlookEpisode References:General health study on ayahuasca: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30732540Ayahuasca and mental health: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30105399Depression and ayahuasca: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26650973Ayahuasca and eating disorders: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30474794Ayahuasca and mindfulness: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28525587Creativity and ayahuasca: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23061318Ayahuasca and addiction recovery: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23627784Ayahuasca doesn’t appear to be toxic: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30582439 Interaction of ayahuasca with the endocannabinoid system: https://journals.lww.com/psychopharmacology/Citation/2018/12000/Possible_Interactions_Between_5_HT2A_Receptors_and.22.aspx

Episode Summary:Dr. Dan uses science to answer the following question: Are diet sodas good for your health?Topics discussed are as follows:Diet soda by the numbersScientific literature on diet soda consumptionMechanism/mode of actionWhat to drink instead?Summary and future outlookEpisode References:Consumption of sugary sodas and metabolic syndrome: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30304842Diet sodas increase levels of inflammation: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29378052Connection between diet sodas and increased cardiovascular risk: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29077645Diet soda consumption increase risk for diabetes: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28659294Increased risk of kidney failure associated with diet soda consumption: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27797893Diet soda and obesity: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25780952Diet soda and increased risk of metabolic syndrome: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19151203

Episode Summary:In this episode Dr. Dan talks about the science-based evidence behind Chinese caterpillar fungus—also known as Himalayan viagra.Topics discussed are as follows:Introduction to Chinese caterpillar fungusScience-based health benefits of Chinese caterpillar fungusWhere to find it and how to take it?Problems to overcomeSummary and future outlookEpisode References:Chinese caterpillar fungus and Chinese olympians: https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-09-12-sp-34485-story.htmlGrowth cycle and history of Chinese caterpillar fungus: http://www.fungimag.com/spring-2017-articles/V10I1%20LR%20Yartsa%2053_64.pdfCordyceps expense: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30339980Aphrodisiac properties of Cordyceps: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27041868Anticancer potential of Cordyceps: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29496448COPD and Cordyceps: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30237706Anti-aging properties of Cordyceps: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29808102Heart health benefits of Cordyceps: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28962164Antibacterial potential of Chinese caterpillar fungus: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30806222Cordyceps and liver health: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28181416Weight loss and Cordyceps: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30522511Cordyceps and energy/endurance: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25251930Cordyceps from Bhutan: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27874103Adulteration of Cordyceps: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17253264Novel micro-RNA molecules found in Cordyceps: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29616410

Episode Summary:Dr. Dan discusses the latest science behind why you should be taking a CoQ10 supplement. Topics discussed are as follows:CoQ10: IntroductionHow CoQ10 works in the bodyRecent science behind CoQ10What to look for in a CoQ10 supplementSummary and future outlookEpisode References:CoQ10 supplementation and health: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1637852CoQ10 as an antioxidant: http://www.pnas.org/content/87/12/4879CoQ10 supports healthy inflammation: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28847708CoQ10 and cholesterol levels: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30296936Blood-glucose levels and CoQ10: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28381349 CoQ10 and blood pressure: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29330704Aging and CoQ10: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30116476Bipolar depression and CoQ10: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30106880CoQ10 and autism: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29684771CoQ10 and Down syndrome: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27770619PCOS and CoQ10: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28949260CoQ10 and sport performance: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28486329Skin health and CoQ10: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27548886CoQ10 and migrane headaches: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27670440MS and CoQ10: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25603363

Episode Summary:Topical skincare products only penetrate 20% of the skin. Dr. Dan explains methods by how we can nourish our skin from the inside out. Topics discussed are as follows:Skin healthFactors that damage skin healthIngredients that nourish skin from the inside outSummary and future outlookEpisode References:Oral collagen intake and skin health: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23949208 Collagen consumption improves eczema: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29017796Nail health improved with collagen consumption: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28786550Hyaluronic acid (HLA) improves skin health: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5871318/Triphala and skin health: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26731545 Promotion of wound healing by triphala: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17662304Clinical study on fingerroot and skin health: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28421656Ability of probiotics to improve skin health: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26428734

Episode Summary:You’ve likely heard something about human pheromones. In this episode, Dr. Dan tackles this topic and discussing the following:Introduction to smell and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)Chemical communication in other organismsChemical communication in humansSummary and future outlookEpisode References:Story of Oscar the Cat: https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/nejmp078108See here for a review on odor-evoked memories: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/6/3/22/htm McClintock discovery of menstrual synchrony: https://www.nature.com/articles/229244a0Testosterone levels in men rise when smelling the shirt of a woman ovulating: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20424057Paper showing humans can smell fear: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12011790People who are happy give off different VOCs: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11153847VOCs and MHC proteins: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20356897Effect of VOCs on Mood: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10627087VOCs emitted from anxious individuals can make others anxious: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929974Tears of sadness in women decrease sex drive in men: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21212322Infants recognize the smell of their mothers: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2717541/Certain VOCs can increase cooperation in others: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23717389

Episode Summary:Discussed in this episode is importance of sleep, connection of sleep with overall human health, and science-based methods on how to sleep better.Why is sleep important and how does it help?How does lack of sleep impact health?How to sleep better?Summary and future outlookEpisode References:Sleep helps to clean the brain: http://science.sciencemag.org/content/342/6156/373Sleep helps to allocate resources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29016625Sleep and cognitive function: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2656292/Sleep and bone health: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29229227Sleep and obesity: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11952652Sleep and workplace performance: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26874067Sleep and cancer: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4466005/Sleep and Alzheimer’s: https://www.pnas.org/content/115/17/4483Sleep and inflammation: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18240557CBT methods for sleep: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/insomnia/in-depth/insomnia-treatment/art-20046677Caloric restriction and better sleep: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27136347Exercise helps sleep: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27823703 Magnolol and sleep: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3221106/Tart cherry juice and sleep: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22038497Edible brown seaweed and sleep: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29368365

Episode Summary:This episode accurately explains the current science behind pesticide use and human health.Pesticides: An introduction Scientific literature on pesticide use and human healthNew methods to deter pests on plantsWays to protect ourselves from pesticidesSummary and future outlookEpisode References:Monsanto glycophosphate lawsuit: https://www.npr.org/2018/08/10/637722786/jury-awards-terminally-ill-man-289-million-in-lawsuit-against-monsanto2015 WHO paper listing 5 pesticides as “possibly carcinogenic” or “possibly carcinogenic” to humans:  https://www.iarc.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/MonographVolume112-1.pdf Cancer incidence and pesticide use: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30411285Kidney health and pesticides: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30125793Reproductive health and pesticides: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30160090Mental health/Suicides and pesticides: https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/87/10/08-054122/en/ General population exposure to pesticides: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30352298 Ginger and potential ability to counteract pesticide exposure: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30352300Probiotics and potential to neutralize pesticides in vivo: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30577661

Episode Summary:The microbiome—the trillions of good bacterial cells living in us—and their profound impact on human health is the topic of this episode. Topics discussed are the following:Microbiome: Introduction Implications of the microbiomeWays to promote a healthy microbiomeSummary and future outlook Episode References:Microbiome obesity study on identical twins: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2677729/ Microbiome differences in centenarians: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28049008Immune health and the microbiome: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5408367/Implications of the microbiome in obesity: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2677729/Differences in. Microbiome of breast fed and formula fed infants: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4686345/Effects of antibiotic use on the microbiome: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4831151/Microbiome and cholesterol levels: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4705836/Blood-glucose levels and the microbiome: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28434033Good bacteria produce neurotransmitters that go to the brain: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0074774216301349Microbiome and inflammation: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5388779/ Sport performance and the microbiome: https://journals.lww.com/acsm-healthfitness/FullText/2017/05000/The_Gut_Microbiota_and_Exercise_Performance.10.aspxFecal microbial transplant (FMT) and Crohn’s disease: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5430018/