Why people always think they’re right, according to science

Fortune, By Ani Freedman, on October 9, 2024

The conversation starts with a humorous introduction about always being right, but quickly shifts to a discussion about a recent study on the "illusion of information adequacy." This study found that when given incomplete facts, people often believe they have enough information to make informed decisions. However, when presented with the full picture, they tend to change their opinions. This leads to optimism that people are more open to changing their minds than previously thought, encouraging curiosity for deeper and more honest conversations.

The discussion evolves into a broader examination of stubbornness in human nature, highlighting how echo chambers and preconceived notions may prevent individuals from altering their views, especially in real-world scenarios outside of controlled environments. AJ and the group reflect on how small misunderstandings, like how someone does laundry, could be addressed with curiosity, setting the stage for handling larger, more contentious issues such as politics and religion.

Kara notes that while curiosity and empathetic communication can help in many cases, there are situations where some people remain entrenched in their beliefs for reasons beyond logic or evidence, such as religious motivations. The conversation touches on the "backfire effect," which suggests that people sometimes dig their heels in when presented with contradicting information, although recent studies show that this is not always the case. The key, the group agrees, is how information is delivered—kindness, empathy, and compassion are more likely to lead to open-mindedness than rudeness and condescension.

The discussion transitions into a review of the Dunning-Kruger effect, explaining how people with limited knowledge tend to overestimate their abilities, while experts may underestimate their expertise. The group emphasizes the importance of being self-aware and acknowledging when one doesn't know enough. The ability to admit ignorance and stay open to learning is seen as a crucial tool in avoiding falling for conspiracy theories or getting trapped in misinformation.

The conversation concludes with a reflection on the importance of self-awareness, humility, and being comfortable with nuance, uncertainty, and the possibility of not having all the answers—especially in complex areas like politics or science. The group acknowledges that while it's uncomfortable to admit a lack of knowledge, it is a necessary step toward better understanding and more meaningful conversations.

The Non-Prophets, Episode 23.43.3 featuring  Kara Griffin, AJ and Infidel64 

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