In the conclusion of this introductory series, we discuss the basics of computed tomography (CT) urography, bladder and urethral diverticula, and scrotal pathology including varicocele, epididymo-orchitis, and testicular neoplasm.

Topics include:

* CT urography post-processing techniques: maximum intensity projection (MIP) and 3D volume-rendered (VR) imaging.

* Appearance of transitional cell carcinoma in the ureters and bladder on excretory phase CT mages.

* Papillary necrosis.

* Weigert-Meyer rule for duplicated collecting systems and tips to remember it.

* Urethral diverticula appearance on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and voiding cystourography (VCUG).

* Scrotal varicocele and the importance of recognizing the implications of right-sided versus left-sided.

* Acute scrotal pathology: testicular torsion and epididymo-orchitis.

* Differentiating seminomatous and non-seminomatous testicular neoplasms via ultrasound.